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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 493-505.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.24273

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of planting density and weak light stress at pod-filling stage on seed oil accumulation in rapeseed

NIE Xiao-Yu1(), LI Zhen1, WANG Tian-Yao2, ZHOU Yuan-Wei3, XU Zheng-Hua1, WANG Jing1, WANG Bo1, KUAI Jie1,*(), ZHOU Guang-Sheng1   

  1. 1College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
    2Jingzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
    3Yichang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yichang 420500, Hubei, China
  • Received:2022-12-10 Accepted:2023-09-13 Online:2024-02-12 Published:2023-09-28
  • Contact: *E-mail: kuaijie@mail.hzau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871565);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-12)

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Abstract:

The seed oil content of rapeseed is affected by insufficient light at pod-filling stage, while more seeds can be harvested with the increasing planting density. The interaction of pod shading and planting density on the mechanism that affecting seed oil content has not been reported. The objective of this study is to study the effect of density on seed carbon and lipid metabolism of shaded rapeseed at pod-filling stage. In this experiment, two varieties (Huayouza 62, H, and Fengyou 520, F) were selected, and three levels of densities (15×104, 30×104, and 45×104 plants hm-2) and two light intensities (100% light transmission, LT100%, and 70% light transmission from 10-35 d after terminating flowering, LT70%) were conducted in a field trial. The results showed that pod shading caused a decrease in seed chlorophyll content, the activity of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) at 25 days and 35 days after flowering (DAF) of both varieties, leading to 0.4%-27.9% decrease in glucose content. Meanwhile, the decrease in the activities of sucrose synthase-cleavage (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) under shading inhibited sucrose conversion and resulted in a decrease by 4.8%-24.5% in fructose content. The activities of seed phosphatidate phosphatase (PPase) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were also reduced, resulting in 2.1%-11.8% decline in seed oil content and 27.0%-35.3% decline in oil production. Compared with the shading under lower density, the reduction in content of seed chlorophyll, fructose, glucose, and activities of rubisco and SuSy became lower, while the decrease of seed G6PDH and PPase activities became higher at 35DAF, which aggravated the decrease of seed oil content under shading. However, the decline in oil yield was alleviated due to the increase in population yield with denser planting.

Key words: planting density, shade, carbon metabolism, seed oil content, oil yield

Table 1

Effects of planting density and shading on 1000-seed weight and yield of directly seeding rapeseed"

品种
Variety		 种植密度Density 透光率
Light transmittance (%)		 2018-2019 2019-2020
千粒重
1000-seed weight (g)		 单株产量Yield per plant (g) 产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)		 千粒重1000-seed weight (g) 单株产量Yield per plant (g) 产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)
华油杂62
Huayouza 62		 D1 100 3.82 a 20.93 a 2830.99 c 3.64 a 17.01 a 2351.18 cd
70 3.61 bcd 13.29 c 1858.77 g 3.43 abc 11.65 bc 1607.37 g
D2 100 3.74 ab 11.94 d 3043.79 b 3.58 ab 10.73 c 2738.53 b
70 3.57 bcd 8.78 e 2282.13 ef 3.36 abc 7.46 d 1953.82 f
D3 100 3.65 abc 8.32 e 3127.36 ab 3.46 abc 7.47 d 2818.10 ab
70 3.54 bcde 6.30 f 2385.25 e 3.31 bc 5.56 e 2147.25 e
沣油520
Fengyou 520		 D1 100 3.50 cde 19.13 b 2648.42 d 3.42 abc 18.18 a 2516.38 c
70 3.13 f 13.07 c 1836.31 g 3.04 d 12.93 b 1819.22 f
D2 100 3.42 de 11.03 d 2883.23 c 3.36 abc 10.46 c 2822.67 ab
70 3.10 f 8.60 e 2193.83 f 2.99 d 8.07 d 2150.67 e
D3 100 3.35 e 8.49 e 3224.83 a 3.20 cd 7.34 d 2969.94 a
70 3.09 f 6.69 f 2540.54 d 2.97 d 5.78 e 2284.93 de
方差分析 ANOVA
品种Variety (V) ** * NS ** * **
密度Density (D) NS ** ** NS ** **
透光率 Light transmittance (T) ** ** ** ** ** **
V×D NS * ** NS NS NS
V×T NS * NS NS NS NS
D×T NS ** * NS ** NS
V×D×T NS NS NS NS NS NS

Fig. 1

Effect of planting density and pod shading on seed chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio of directly seeding rapeseed H means Huayouza 62, F means Fengyou 520; D1, D2, and D3 stand for planting density of 150,000, 300,000, and 450,000 plants hm-2; respectively. LT-100% means light transmittance is 100%, LT-70% means light transmittance is 70%. V, D, T, V×D, V×T, D×T, and V×D×T represent varieties, planting density, light transmittance, and their interactions in variance analysis, respectively. Different letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level. * and ** mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively, while NS means the difference is not significant."

Fig. 2

Effect of planting density and pod shading on seed Rubisco activity of directly seeding rapeseed H means Huayouza 62, F means Fengyou 520; D1, D2, and D3 stand for planting density of 150,000, 300,000, and 450,000 plants hm-2; respectively. LT-100% means light transmittance is 100%, LT-70% means light transmittance is 70%. V, D, T, V×D, V×T, D×T, and V×D×T represent varieties, planting density, light transmittance and their interactions in variance analysis, respectively. Different letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level. * and ** mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively, while NS means the difference is not significant."

Fig. 3

Effect of planting density and pod shading on seed carbohydrates content of directly seeding rapeseed H means Huayouza 62, F means Fengyou 520; D1, D2 and D3 stand for planting density of 150,000, 300,000, and 450,000 plants hm-2; respectively. LT-100% means light transmittance is 100%, LT-70% means light transmittance is 70%. V, D, T, V×D, V×T, D×T, and V×D×T represent varieties, planting density, light transmittance and their interactions in variance analysis, respectively. Different letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level. * and ** mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively, while NS means the difference is not significant."

Fig. 4

Effect of planting density and pod shading on seed oil and oil yield of directly seeding rapeseed H means Huayouza 62, F means Fengyou 520; D1, D2 and D3 stand for planting density of 150,000, 300,000, and 450,000 plants hm-2; respectively. LT-100% means light transmittance is 100%, LT-70% means light transmittance is 70%. V, D, T, V×D, V×T, D×T, and V×D×T represent varieties, planting density, light transmittance and their interactions in variance analysis, respectively. Different letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level. * and ** mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively, while NS means the difference is not significant."

Fig. 5

Effect of planting density and pod shading on seed G6PDH and PPase activity of directly seeding rapeseed H means Huayouza 62, F means Fengyou 520; D1, D2 and D3 stand for planting density of 150,000, 300,000, and 450,000 plants hm-2; respectively. LT-100% means light transmittance is 100%, LT-70% means light transmittance is 70%. V, D, T, V×D, V×T, D×T, and V×D×T represent varieties, planting density, light transmittance and their interactions in variance analysis, respectively. Different letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level. * and ** mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively, while NS means the difference is not significant."

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