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Genetic contribution and decision coefficient analysis of agronomic characters and lint yield traits of upland cotton in southern Xinjiang

LI Chang-Xi,DONG Zhan-Peng,GUAN Yong-Hu,LIU Jin-Wei,LI Hang,MEI Yong-Jun*    

  1. College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2023-09-16 Revised:2024-01-30 Accepted:2024-01-30 Published:2024-02-20
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Genome-wide Mining of Specific Yield Traits (QTS) in Upland Cotton from Southern Xinjiang” (31560408).

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Abstract:

To study the inheritance of agricultural characteristics and lint yield traits in upland cotton parents and F1 crosses can provide the reference for breeding workers to select and improve certain traits. Four agronomic characters and four yield traits of 130 varieties (lines) and their 206 F1 crosses of upland cotton were analyzed on additive and effects by a genetic model with additive, dominance, and their interaction effects with the environment, genetic contribution analysis and decision coefficient analysis were conducted on the observation results. The results showed that these traits had rich genetic diversity with the coefficient of variation of the eight traits of the parents ranging from 5.54% to 50.83%, and the F1 crosses ranging from 3.96% to 55.87%. The additive contribution rate of agronomic traits (except for the first fruit branch node position to yield) to yield traits reached a very significant level (contribution rate was 4%–100%), and the additive contribution rate and dominant contribution rate of five petal boll rate and plant height to the boll number and boll weight and the contribution rate of dominant × environmental interaction reached a positive and significant level above 0.01. The genetic effects controlled by additive effects included the height of the first fruit branch, plant height, five petal boll rate, boll weight, and lint percentage, with lint percentage being the largest. Except for the small additive effect, plant height exhibits significant differences in dominant and additive effects × Environmental interaction effects, dominance × the environmental interaction effect and the generalized heritability of interaction were the maximum. The main decision-making and limiting traits for improving the Lint yield in hybrid offspring of upland cotton had been identified. The coefficient of variation of upland cotton was relatively large. The five petal boll rate and plant height played a more important role in increasing the boll number and boll weight per plant. The boll number, boll weight, and lint percentage were the main decision-making traits for increasing the lint yield.

Key words: upland cotton, yield traits, agronomic characters, genetic diversity, genetic contribution analysis, decision coefficient analysis

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