黍稷高基元EST-SSR标记开发及200份核心种质资源遗传多样性分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24201

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study is to clarify the genetic background for the core germplasm resources of proso millet and to evaluate the genetic diversity from different ecological regions in China. To provide a basis for accelerating proso millet breeding process and mining excellent germplasm, a new high motif EST-SSR markers were developed. In this study, 200 high motif EST-SSR markers were developed based on transcriptome sequencing results, and used to evaluate the genetic diversity for 200 core germplasm accessions of proso millet. Results showed that 52 of the 200 markers were polymorphic in 6 proso millet accessions with significant geographical differences, with the development efficiency of 26%, including 17 tetra-nucleotide repeat SSRs (32.7%), 17 penta-nucleotide repeat ones (32.7%), and 18 hexa-nucleotide repeat ones (34.6%). Among the examined 200 accessions, a total of 129 observed alleles were detected in 52 loci, changed 2-3 alleles at each locus. The Shannon diversity index was 0.3093-1.0910, with an average of 0.7277. The polymorphism information content was 0.1948-0.8211, with an average of 0.5104. Based on UPGMA, the 200 proso millet accessions were divided into six groups. Based on Structure (K=7), proso millet were mainly from four gene pools in Northeast, Northern, Loess Plateau, and North China. Based on principal component analysis, the accessions were classified into six clusters, consistent with the geographic region. This study constructed a set of 52 tetra-, penta- and hexa-nucleotide repeat EST-SSR markers, with the efficiency of 26%. Based on the above markers, genetic diversity of proso millet for landrace core germplasm was abundant.

Key words: proso millet, core germplasm, high motif EST-SSR, genetic diversity, population structure

WANG Qian, ZHANG Li-Yuan, XU Yue, LI Hai, LIU Shao-Xiong, XUE Ya-Peng, LU Ping, WANG Rui-Yun, LIU Min-Xuan. High motif EST-SSR markers development and genetic diversity evaluation for 200 core germplasms in proso millet[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(8): 2308-2318.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1

Table S1

Information of 200 broomcorn millet accessions"

序号 Number	统一编号 Unicode	生态区 Ecotope	材料名称 Material name	材料来源 Material source	备注 Remark
1	00000022	NES	大粒糜子 Dalimizi	黑龙江克山Keshan, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
2	00000071	NES	鹅头糜子 Etoumizi	黑龙江杜旗 Duqi, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
3	00000082	NES	黄糜子 Huangmizi	黑龙江富锦 Fujin, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
4	00000101	NES	白糜子 Baimizi	黑龙江桦川 Yechuan, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
5	00000121	NES	红鹌鹑尾 Honganchunwei	黑龙江密山 Mishan, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
6	00000149	NES	小麦糜子 Xiaomaimizi	黑龙江林口 Linkou, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
7	00000151	NES	大红袍 Dahongpao	黑龙江鸡西 Jixi, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
8	00000183	NES	黑糜子 Heimizi	黑龙江宁安 Ningan, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
9	00000201	NES	粘糜子 Nianmizi	黑龙江通河 Tonghe, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
10	00000221	NES	葡萄青 Putaoqing	黑龙江五常 Wuchang, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
11	00006457	NES	2048	黑龙江嫩江 Nenjiang, Heilongjiang	地方品种 Landrace
12	00000330	NES	黎糜子 Limizi	吉林镇赉 Zhenlai, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
13	00000333	NES	黄糜子 Huangmizi	吉林白城 Baicheng, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
14	00000388	NES	黑糜子 Heimizi	吉林安图 Antu, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
15	00000395	NES	红壳粘糜子 Hongkenianmizi	吉林柳河 Liuhe, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
16	00000405	NES	黑糜子 Heimizi	吉林通化 Tonghua, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
17	00004228	NES	黑糜子(黍) Heimizi (shu)	吉林永吉 Yongji, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
18	00005671	NES	扶余白糜子 Fuyubaimizi	吉林扶余 Fuyu, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
19	00005700	NES	翰章黄糜子 Hanzhanghuangmizi	吉林敦化 Dunhua, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
20	00005708	NES	千沟黄糜子 Qiangouhuangmizi	吉林通化 Tonghua, Jilin	地方品种 Landrace
21	00000414	NES	康平散穗 Kangpingsansui	辽宁康平 Kangping, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
22	00000416	NES	清源褐糜子 Qingyuanhemizi	辽宁清源 Qingyuan, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
23	00000418	NES	新宾黑糜子 Xinbinheimizi	辽宁新宾 Xinbin, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
24	00000436	NES	黄糜子 Huangmizi	辽宁辽中 Liaozhong, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
25	00000454	NES	蚂蚱眼 Mazhayan	辽宁海城 Haicheng, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
26	00000475	NES	金县黄糜子 Jinxianhuangmizi	辽宁辽金 Liaojin, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
27	00000478	NES	黄旗糜子 Huangqimizi	内蒙古呼盟莫旗 Humengmoqi, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
28	00006523	NES	黄黍 Huangshu	内蒙古东三盟 Dongsanmeng, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
29	00000819	NSU	黑黍子 Heishuzi	河北抚宁 Funing, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
30	00000822	NSU	粘黍子 Nianshuzi	河北雄县 Xiongxian, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
31	00006159	NSU	蚂蚱眼 Mazhayan	河北宽城 Kuancheng, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
32	00006234	NSU	河间白黍子 Hejianbaishuzi	河北河间 Hejian, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
33	00006248	NSU	小红黍 Xiaohongshu	河北南皮 Nanpi, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
34	00006257	NSU	青龙黄黍子 Qinglonghuangshuzi	河北青龙 Qinglong, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
35	00007131	NSU	白黍子 Baishuzi	河北三河 Sanhe, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
36	00007220	NSU	白黍子 Baishuzi	河北南宫 Nangong, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
37	00004200	NSU	黄稷子 Huangjizi	江苏铜山 Tongshan, Jiangsu	地方品种 Landrace
38	00004203	NSU	白稷子 Baijizi	江苏淮阴 Huaiyin, Jiangsu	地方品种 Landrace
39	00004361	NSU	大白柳条子 Dabailiutiaozi	山东禹城 Yucheng, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
40	00004366	NSU	黑黍子 Heishuzi	山东齐河 Qihe, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
41	00004368	NSU	白粒黍 Bailishu	山东邹平 Zouping, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
42	00004376	NSU	牛尾巴 Niuweiba	山东章丘 Zhangqiu, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
43	00004411	NSU	蚂蚱眼 Mazhayan	山东益都 Yidu, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
44	00004415	NSU	白黍子 Baishuzi	山东临朐 Linqu, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
45	00004433	NSU	苏子白 Suzibai	山东平度 Pingdu, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
46	00004440	NSU	白银黍子 Baiyinshuzi	山东福山 Fushan, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
47	00004486	NSU	红谷腿 Honggutui	山东临沂 Linyi, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
48	00004614	NSU	大粘穗 Daniansui	山东东阿 Dong’e, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
49	00005169	NSU	黑稷子 Heijizi	山东巨野 Juye, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
50	00005191	NSU	塞盖德斯 Saigaidesi	山东中匈机站 Zhongxiongjizhan, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
51	00006609	NSU	老来黑 Laolaihei	山东潍坊 Weifang, Shandong	地方品种 Landrace
52	00006029	NSP	黄黍子 Huangshuzi	北京延庆 Yanqing, Beijing	地方品种 Landrace
53	00002677	NSP	高台乌糜子 Gaotaiwumizi	甘肃高台 Gaotai, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
54	00002684	NSP	张掖老黄糜子 Zhangyelaohuangmizi	甘肃张掖 Zhangye, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
55	00002687	NSP	民乐红糜子Minlehongmizi	甘肃民乐 Minle, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
56	00002712	NSP	景泰疙瘩红 Jingtaigedahong	甘肃景泰 Jingtai, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
57	00002741	NSP	永登小黑糜 Yongdengxiaoheimi	甘肃永登 Yongdeng, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
58	00002878	NSP	60天紫秆红小糜 60tianziganhongxiaomi	甘肃环县 Huanxian, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
59	00002901	NSP	华池黄草红糜子 Huachihuangcaohongmizi	甘肃华池 Huachi, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
60	00002930	NSP	宁县竹叶青黄硬糜 Ningxianzhuyeqinghuangyingmi	甘肃宁县 Ningxian, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
61	00004314	NSP	正宁红粘糜(黍) Zhengninghongnianmi (shu)	甘肃正宁 Zhengning, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
62	00004985	NSP	庆阳饿死牛 Qingyangesiniu	甘肃庆阳 Qingyang, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
63	00006682	NSP	古浪半个红 Gulangbangehong	甘肃古浪 Gulang, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
64	00000755	NSP	小红黍 Xiaohongshu	河北尚义 Shangyi, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
65	00000756	NSP	小黍子 Xiaoshuzi	河北崇礼 Chongli, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
66	00000792	NSP	五咀子 Wujuzi	河北涿鹿 Zhuolu, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
67	00000804	NSP	骨都白 Gudoubai	河北蔚县 Yuxian, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
68	00006175	NSP	大黄黍 Dahuangshu	河北赤城 Chicheng, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
69	00006200	NSP	大紫秆 Dazigan	河北蔚县 Yuxian, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
70	00007071	NSP	黍米(糜) Shumi (mi)	河北承德 Chengde, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
71	00000437	NSP	大红黍 Dahongshu	辽宁朝阳 Chaoyang, Liaoning	地方品种 Landrace
72	00000525	NSP	巴林左疙塔黍 Balinzuogedashu	内蒙古昭盟巴林左旗 Zhaomengbalinzuoqi, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
73	00000569	NSP	五原黑黍子 Wuyuanheishuzi	内蒙古巴盟五原Bamengwuyuan, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
74	00000634	NSP	达旗大白黍 Daqidabaishu	内蒙古伊盟达旗Yimengdaqi, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
75	00002062	NSP	开鲁板黄糜 Kailubanhuangmi	内蒙古哲盟开鲁 Zhemengkailu, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
76	00002155	NSP	丰镇大白糜 Fengzhendabaimi	内蒙古乌盟丰镇 Wumengfengzhen, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
77	00002416	NSP	准旗紫秆红糜 Zhunqiziganhongmi	内蒙古伊盟准旗 Yimengzhunqi, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
78	00004267	NSP	小白黍 Xiaobaishu	内蒙古锡盟多伦 Ximengduolun, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
79	00005839	NSP	2375356	内蒙古伊盟农科所Yimeng Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
80	00005927	NSP	小红黍 Xiaohongshu	内蒙古翁旗 Wengqi, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
81	00006528	NSP	内黍一点红 Neishuyidianhong	内蒙古乌锡盟呼包Wuximenghubao, Inner Mongolia	地方品种 Landrace
82	00000702	NSP	惠农黄粘黍 Huinonghuangnianshu	宁夏平罗Pingluo, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
83	00002527	NSP	红糜子 Hongmizi	宁夏贺兰 Helan, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
84	00002554	NSP	灵武70天 Lingwu70tian	宁夏灵武 Lingwu, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
85	00002569	NSP	吴忠大粟 Wuzhongdasu	宁夏吴忠 Wuzhong, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
86	00002581	NSP	池白糜子 Chibaimizi	宁夏盐池 Yanchi, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
87	00002583	NSP	密穗红 Misuihong	宁夏中卫 Zhongwei, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
88	00005582	NSP	糜子 Mizi	青海互助 Huzhu, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
89	00000845	NSP	老来红 Laolaihong	山西大同 Datong, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
90	00000855	NSP	疙塔白 Gedabai	山西广灵 Guangling, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
91	00000936	NSP	跳蚤黍 Tiaozaoshu	山西朔州 Shuozhou, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
92	00000957	NSP	污咀黍 Wujushu	山西灵丘 Lingqiu, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
93	00000991	NSP	小白黍 Xiaobaishu	山西左云 Zuoyun, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
94	00001055	NSP	鸡冠黍 Jiguanshu	山西平鲁 Pinglu, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
95	00001121	NSP	黄罗黍 Huangluoshu	山西保德 Baode, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
96	00001128	NSP	葡萄黍 Putaoshu	山西原平 Pingyuan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
97	00001144	NSP	灰脸蛋黍 Huiliandanshu	山西偏关 Pianguan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
98	00001182	NSP	小白粘糜子 Xiaobainianmizi	山西五台 Wutai, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
99	00001596	NSP	紫秆白黍 Ziganbaishu	山西府谷 Fugu, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
100	00003167	NSP	小青糜 Xiaoqingmi	山西浑源 Hunyuan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
101	00003177	NSP	花糜 Huami	山西阳高 Yanggao, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
102	00003237	NSP	小黄黍 Xiaohuangshu	山西右玉 Youyu, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
103	00003289	NSP	紫秆黍 Ziganshu	山西繁峙 Fanshi, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
104	00001601	NSP	紫秆红黍 Ziganhongshu	陕西神木 Shenmu, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
105	00001619	NSP	稗穗糜 Baiisuimi	陕西榆林 Yulin, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
106	00001646	NSP	圪堵穗红软糜 Gedusuihongruanmi	陕西靖边 Jingbian, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
107	00001665	NSP	大红糜 Dahongmi	陕西定边 Dingbian, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
108	00001683	NSP	黄软糜 Huangruanmi	陕西佳县 Jiaxian, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
109	00001751	NSP	懒老波 Lanlaobo	陕西清涧 Qingjian, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
110	00001768	NSP	白软糜 Bairuanmi	陕西子长 Zichang, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
111	00001785	NSP	黑软糜 Heiruanmi	陕西志丹 Zhidan, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
112	00001798	NSP	焦顶软糜 Jiaodingruanmi	陕西延川 Yanchuan, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
113	00003586	NSP	黑糜子 Heimizi	陕西府谷 Fugu, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
114	00004704	NSP	白壳糜(黍) Baikemi (shu)	陕西吴堡 Wubao, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
115	00000710	LPSS	皋兰鸭蛋青 Gaolanyadanqing	甘肃皋兰 Gaolan, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
116	00000711	LPSS	靖远中堡青糜 Jingyuanzhongbaoqingmi	甘肃靖远 Jingyuan, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
117	00000741	LPSS	泾川小白糜 Jingchuanxiaobaimi	甘肃泾川 Jingchuan, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
118	00000742	LPSS	灵合红粘糜 Linghehongnianmi	甘肃灵台 Lingtai, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
119	00000744	LPSS	平凉大红糜 Pingliangdahongmi	甘肃平凉 Pingliang, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
120	00000745	LPSS	华亭糯糜子Huatingnuomizi	甘肃华亭 Huating, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
121	00000746	LPSS	静宁红然糜 Jingninghongranmi	甘肃静宁 Jingning, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
122	00000747	LPSS	清水粘糜子 Qingshuinianmizi	甘肃清水 Qingshui, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
123	00000748	LPSS	甘谷黑蝉背 Ganguheichanbei	甘肃甘谷 Gangu, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
124	00000749	LPSS	永静黑糜子 Yongjingheimizi	甘肃永靖 Yongjing, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
125	00002800	LPSS	靖远紫秆红 Jingyuanziganhong	甘肃兰州 Lanzhou, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
126	00002820	LPSS	会宁保安红 Huiningbaoanhong	甘肃会宁 Huining, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
127	00002976	LPSS	崇信鸡蛋皮 Chongxinjidanpi	甘肃崇信 Chongxin, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
128	00003039	LPSS	东乡朵麻糜 Dongxiangduomami	甘肃东乡 Dongxiang, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
129	00003041	LPSS	广河黄糜 Guanghehuangmi	甘肃广河 Guanghe, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
130	00005008	LPSS	张川麻糜子 Zhangchuanmamizi	甘肃张川 Zhangchuan, Gansu	地方品种 Landrace
131	00000815	LPSS	黑糜子 Heimizi	河北平山 Pingshan, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
132	00000825	LPSS	高粱黍 Gaoliangshu	河北束鹿 Shulu, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
133	00006253	LPSS	黍子 Shuzi	河北赵县 Zhaoxian, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
134	00006310	LPSS	紫秸白 Ziganbai	河北曲阳Quyang, Hebei	地方品种 Landrace
135	00002614	LPSS	小黄糜子 Xiaohuangmizi	宁夏海原 Haiyuan, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
136	00002625	LPSS	红河黑糜子 Hongheheimizi	宁夏固原 Guyuan, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
137	00002641	LPSS	西吉小黄糜 Xijixiaohuangmi	宁夏西吉 Xiji, Ningxia	地方品种 Landrace
138	00005529	LPSS	虼蚤糜 Gezaomi	青海化隆 Hualong, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
139	00005532	LPSS	大黄糜 Dahuangmi	青海民和 Minhe, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
140	00005571	LPSS	红糜子 Hongmizi	青海西宁 Xining, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
141	00005572	LPSS	蚤糜 Zaomi	青海循化 Xunhua, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
142	00005583	LPSS	黑子 Heizi	青海贵德 Guide, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
143	00005586	LPSS	小青糜 Xiaoqingmi	青海贵南 Guinan, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
144	00007420	LPSS	金糜子 Jinmizi	青海乐都 Ledu, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
145	00007478	LPSS	白圪塔糜 Baigedami	青海湟中 Huangzhong, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
146	00001219	LPSS	金软黍 Jinruanshu	山西太原 Taiyuan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
147	00001251	LPSS	小黑黍 Xiaoheishu	山西榆次 Yuci, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
148	00001283	LPSS	条帚软糜 Tiaozhouruanshu	山西平遥 Pingyao, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
149	00001331	LPSS	狗尾蛋 Gouweidan	山西介休 Jiexiu, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
150	00001338	LPSS	大红糜子 Dahongmizi	山西榆社 Yushe, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
151	00001348	LPSS	黑条帚糜 Heitiaozhoumi	山西离石 Lishi, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
152	00001426	LPSS	软黍 Ruanshu	山西沁县 Qinxian, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
153	00001453	LPSS	软糜子 Ruanmizi	山西临汾 Linfen, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
154	00001467	LPSS	白黍 Baishu	山西古县 Guxian, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
155	00001474	LPSS	珍珠连软糜 Zhenzhulianruanmi	山西襄垣 Xiangyuan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
156	00001478	LPSS	软黍 Ruanshu	山西曲沃 Quwo, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
157	00001500	LPSS	黑灰软黍 Heihuiruanshu	山西浮山 Fushan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
158	00001517	LPSS	软黍谷 Ruanshugu	山西翼城 Yicheng, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
159	00001528	LPSS	黑软黍 Heiruanshu	山西吉县 Jixian, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
160	00001530	LPSS	红糜子 Hongmizi	山西汾西 Fenxi, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
161	00001547	LPSS	白黍 Baishu	山西运城 Yuncheng, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
162	00001553	LPSS	黑黍 Heishu	山西夏县 Xiaxian, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
163	00001559	LPSS	红软黍 Hongruanshu	山西稷山 Jishan, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
164	00001581	LPSS	白软黍 Bairuanshu	山西闻喜 Wenxi, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
165	00003368	LPSS	黍子 Shuzi	山西寿阳 Shouyang, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
166	00003376	LPSS	黄硬黍 Heiyingshu	山西和顺 Heshun, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
167	00003405	LPSS	白糜子 Baimizi	山西汾阳 Fenyang, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
168	00003561	LPSS	当地糜 Dangdimi	山西平陆 Pinglu, Shanxi	地方品种 Landrace
169	00001812	LPSS	小红软糜 Xiaohongruanmi	陕西延安 Yan’an, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
170	00001839	LPSS	扫帚软糜 Saozhouruanmi	陕西宜川 Yichuan, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
171	00001852	LPSS	洼黑红软糜 Waheihongruanmi	陕西洛川 Luochuan, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
172	00001877	LPSS	黄鼠吊 Huangshudiao	陕西澄城 Chengcheng, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
173	00001897	LPSS	红糜 Hongmi	陕西大荔Dali, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
174	00001908	LPSS	白鹁鸽蛋 Baibogedan	陕西渭南 Weinan, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
175	00001938	LPSS	灰麻糜 Huimami	陕西陇县 Longxian, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
176	00001951	LPSS	黄黍子 Huangshuzi	陕西平利 Pingli, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
176	00001967	LPSS	回茬黄糜 Huichahuangmi	陕西商南 Shangnan, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
178	00004800	LPSS	红糜(黍) Hongmi (shu)	陕西旬邑 Xunyi, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
179	00005452	LPSS	夯糜子 Hangmizi	陕西黄陵 Huangling, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
180	00005459	LPSS	黑糜子 Heimizi	陕西宜君 Yijun, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
181	00005472	LPSS	枭头糜 Xiaotoumi	陕西旭县 Xuxian, Shaanxi	地方品种 Landrace
182	00000750	NWSS	白糜子 Baimizi	新疆沙湾 Shawan, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
183	00003053	NWSS	杂糜子 Zamizi	新疆青河 Qinghe, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
184	00003054	NWSS	糜子 Mizi	新疆阿勒泰 Ataile, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
185	00003056	NWSS	黄糜子 Huangmizi	新疆哈巴河 Habahe, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
186	00003059	NWSS	黄糜子 Huangmizi	新疆吉木乃 Jimunai, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
187	00003072	NWSS	额敏红糜 Eminhongmi	新疆额敏 Emin, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
188	00003076	NWSS	糜子 Mizi	新疆巴里坤 Balikun, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
189	00003083	NWSS	花糜子 Huamizi	新疆阜康 Fukang, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
190	00003091	NWSS	黄糜子 Huangmizi	新疆玛纳斯 Manasi, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
191	00003111	NWSS	红糜 Hongmi	新疆特克斯 Tekesi, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
192	00003117	NWSS	黄糜 Huangmi	新疆伊宁 Yining, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
193	00003127	NWSS	糜 Mi	新疆拜城 Baicheng, Xinjiang	地方品种 Landrace
194	00006650	OSP	金色黍 Jinseshu	海南临高 Lingao, Hainan	地方品种 Landrace
195	00006651	OSP	S02036	海南琼山 Qiongshan, Hainan	地方品种 Landrace
196	00006652	OSP	金黍 Jinshu	海南定安 Anding, Hainan	地方品种 Landrace
197	00005817	OSP	单尾巴糯 Danweibanuo	湖北 Hubei	地方品种 Landrace
198	00005818	OSP	白黍 Baishu	云南 Yunnan	地方品种 Landrace
199	00005581	OSP	小糜子 Xiaomizi	青海共和 Gonghe, Qinghai	地方品种 Landrace
200	00006681	OSP	札达糜 Zandami	西藏札达 Zanda, Tibet	地方品种 Landrace

Table S1

Table 2

Table S2

Polymorphism SSR primers sequences and annealing temperatures"

位点 Locus	正向引物 Forward primer (5'-3')	退火温度 T_m(℃)	反向引物 Reverse primer (5'-3')	退火温度 T_m(℃)	重复基序 Repeated motif
BMGJY1	CCTGATTCCGCCAATAAAAA	59.9	GCGGCTAGCTATCACTGACC	60.0	(GGAGCT)5
BMGJY5	ATTTCCTCTCGCCTGTCCAT	61.0	TACCAGCAGCAGGAGAGACC	60.6	(CGCCCC)5
BMGJY11	TGGCAAATCTTGAACCACAA	60.1	TGGAGGATCATCTCGGTCAT	60.4	(AATCTG)5
BMGJY12	CCTGCAGACTCCAAGACACA	60.0	TTGTGCTCCGTCTCCTTCTT	60.0	(AAGGAG)7
BMGJY19	ATGGCTCGCGAGAGGAAG	61.6	CCAGGCTCTTGGTCAGGTAG	59.9	(CTGGCC)5
BMGJY23	ATGAGGACGACGAAGAGGAG	59.4	CCAAGCACGCATACACATTC	60.1	(CGAGGA)5
BMGJY24	ACAGCTGTGCTCTCTGTGGA	59.8	CATCAGCCAACTCCATCTCA	59.8	(GATGAA)7
BMGJY25	TATAGCTTGCTCCCTCGCTC	59.7	GGCCATTGTTAAGTTGGTGG	60.2	(TTGCAG)5
BMGJY29	TCTGAGCTTGAGCGGCTAAT	60.3	AGATCCTTGGGTAGGCCAGT	60.0	(GGAAGT)6
BMGJY33	TGACACACCTGCAAGAAACC	59.7	TCTTCACCATCCTCTTCCTCA	59.8	(GATGAG)7
BMGJY36	TCTCTTACTCCCATCCCGAA	59.6	TAGAGTGGAGAAGGGGAGCA	59.9	(CGCCTC)6
BMGJY44	ATTTGCCCACTGGATCAGAC	59.9	GGAGGTGGTAGTAGGGCTCC	60.0	(GCACAG)5
BMGJY45	TGACAGATGGAAATGGCGTA	60.1	TGACTGAGATTGCTGCCAAC	60.0	(CGACTC)6
BMGJY46	TGGAGCTGCTTATGATGCAC	60.0	CCAGCTCTAAGAACAACGCA	59.2	(AGTTGC)7
BMGJY50	CCCAAACCAATCCAACAACT	59.7	GTAATGGAACCTGAAGCGGA	60.1	(CTCTCC)6
BMGJY52	GATACGCCGACCAGTTCTACA	60.1	GCCCTCTCCCTTATCACCTC	60.0	(GGGTCG)5
BMGJY54	TTTTAATTTGCAAGACCGGC	60.1	CCAGGCTCTTGGTCAGGTAG	59.9	(CTGGCC)5
BMGJY65	TCCGACAATCACAAAGCAGA	60.4	GTTCGAGGAGCATCTCAAGG	60.0	(CGGCGC)5
BMGJY75	GCCACTAGTACGCTGCGAG	59.8	GCGTAGTACCCGACCTTGAG	59.8	(GCAGT)5
BMGJY76	ACGTGAGTTCCACCACACAG	59.6	GGTGGAGGTGAGGTGAGAGA	60.2	(GCGGG)6
BMGJY80	CCCCTCCTCTCTCTCTTCTTTC	60.0	ATGAGGAGGGAGGGTTTTGT	59.8	(CCCTC)5
BMGJY84	ACTGTCTCCAAGAAGCTCCG	59.6	GGCTGACGGTGAACCCTA	59.6	(GCACC)5
BMGJY86	CAACCAATCGAAAACCCAAC	60.2	GGGGAGGCGAGGTTATGT	59.9	(GAGAC)5
BMGJY87	GGCTAGGGTTTTTCGACCTC	60.1	AACAGATCACCGGAGACACC	60.0	(TTCGA)5
BMGJY89	GCCCACCTCAGACAATCAAT	59.9	CTGAGAGCAAAGCAGCACAC	59.9	(AGATG)7
BMGJY93	CTTTGTTGCAGCTTGCCTC	59.7	GCCGGCACAATATTGAACTT	60.0	(CTCGC)5
BMGJY107	TTCTCCTCCTCCTCCCTCTC	59.9	TGTTAGGGGTCTGGGTGTTC	59.8	(TCCCT)5
BMGJY113	AGGAATGAAAGCCTGAGCAA	60.0	AGCGCTCTCACACTCACTCA	59.9	(CTCTC)6
BMGJY116	CAAGTCGCCCATGTTCTTTT	60.1	TTTTCAGCCAGACAAGACCC	60.2	(TGGGG)5
BMGJY117	GTCATGTCGCTGTGCTTCAT	59.9	GATGGGAAGGGGGAGAATAA	60.1	(GGTAG)5
BMGJY122	ATAGGAGTGGTGCTGACGCT	59.9	CTGCCCTCATAAAGAACATCC	58.7	(GAGAT)5
BMGJY124	TGTGGAGGTGGAAGGAGTTC	60.1	CGAGCATCCTTTTCTCATCA	59.0	(TGGAC)5
BMGJY125	TTTGGTCAGGTGCGTATTCA	60.1	CGAGCATCCTTTTCTCATCA	59.0	(TGGAC)5
BMGJY135	TTGGGAAAAACAAGACTGGG	59.9	TTCTGCTAAACTGTGCAGCG	60.3	(AACCA)5
BMGJY141	ATCCGCTACGACGACTTCAT	59.7	TCGGTCGATTTTGTGTGTGT	60.0	(GAAGA)5
BMGJY148	CACCGTCAACGACTACATCG	60.2	CACATGGCAGAAGGAGGAAT	60.1	(TTAA)6
BMGJY155	GTTTCCAGCTTTCCTCATGC	59.8	GGCAAAGGAGAAGGGAGAGT	59.8	(CATC)5
BMGJY158	CCTGAAATAGGCGAGGAAGA	59.4	GGGTGGGGTAGGATGGAT	59.4	(CCTC)5
BMGJY161	ACATGGAGACGGAGATGGAG	60.1	CATTCCCTGTCGGCATACTT	60.0	(TATG)7
BMGJY162	CCCATCCTTGTTCAGTTCGT	60.0	CCACCTCTCACTCAGCTTCC	60.0	(TCGA)5
BMGJY165	CTCCTGCCCCAAGAACAG	59.3	CTTGGACTCGAGGCTGAACT	59.6	(AGGA)6
BMGJY166	TTCGATGAAGGATTCCCAAC	59.9	GCAACAGCACTTAGCCGTTA	59.1	(TTGA)5
BMGJY169	CTTCGCCTCTCTTCCCTCTT	60.1	GCTGGCCGTAGTAGCTCATC	60.0	(TATC)16
BMGJY170	ATCGAGAGGAGAGAGGGAGC	60.1	GAGAAGAGCCGAAGAGCAGA	60.0	(CAGC)6
BMGJY177	GTTTTAAGGGCAAGCTGCTG	60.0	TCGACACAACGCAGTACACA	59.9	(GGAA)5
BMGJY179	GTCGTCGAGCAACTCATCAA	60.0	GCCTCCGAGCTTCGAGAT	60.6	(CTCC)5
BMGJY180	AATTTCCATGATGGGTGAGC	59.8	TGGACCAGTGCATTCACAAT	60.0	(TTTC)8
BMGJY183	CCTTCCTTCCTCTTCCCATC	60.0	CTAGCTGTGATTGGCTGCTG	59.8	(GAGC)5
BMGJY185	CCAGCTCCCTCCTCTTCTTT	60.0	GCACTTTCTTCTCCAGTGCC	60.0	(CTCC)5
BMGJY188	TCAATCTGTTTCCGTTGCTG	59.8	CCTCCTCGTCTTCTTGCTTG	60.1	(TATC)10
BMGJY194	GATGCCTCGTGCTCCATAAC	60.6	AGCAGGTCCTCCTCCTCCT	60.4	(CTCG)5
BMGJY199	AAGATAGCCGGGTGGAATCT	59.9	CTGATGTGCTGTTACGGGTG	60.2	(CCTC)9

Table S2

Table S3

Genetic parameters of the 52 polymorphic SSR markers used in the study"

位点 Locus	观测等位基因 Na	有效等位基因 Ne	Shannon多样性指数 I	观测杂合度 Ho	期望杂合度 He	Nei's期望杂合度 Nei	多态性信息含量 PIC
BMGJY1	3.0000	1.3826	0.5334	0.1471	0.2778	0.2670	0.5154
BMGJY5	2.0000	1.6000	0.5623	0.0000	0.3759	0.3750	0.3047
BMGJY11	2.0000	1.9476	0.6796	0.8042	0.4878	0.4865	0.3529
BMGJY12	3.0000	2.7895	1.0622	0.0000	0.6437	0.6415	0.6877
BMGJY19	2.0000	1.8546	0.6534	0.0000	0.4620	0.4608	0.3546
BMGJY23	3.0000	2.8208	1.0648	0.7824	0.6474	0.6455	0.7165
BMGJY24	2.0000	1.5631	0.5460	0.2038	0.3614	0.3603	0.5980
BMGJY25	2.0000	1.9873	0.6899	0.2640	0.4988	0.4968	0.6760
BMGJY29	2.0000	1.2631	0.3631	0.0050	0.2088	0.2083	0.2008
BMGJY33	3.0000	1.4713	0.6056	0.0000	0.3211	0.3203	0.3100
BMGJY36	3.0000	2.0574	0.8322	0.0000	0.5153	0.5140	0.4873
BMGJY44	2.0000	1.7521	0.6206	0.2385	0.4312	0.4293	0.6119
BMGJY45	3.0000	2.0570	0.8844	0.4138	0.5161	0.5139	0.6851
BMGJY46	3.0000	2.8022	1.0647	0.5337	0.6451	0.6431	0.8211
BMGJY50	2.0000	1.9902	0.6907	0.0000	0.4988	0.4975	0.3738
BMGJY52	2.0000	1.9716	0.6859	0.0000	0.4940	0.4928	0.3714
BMGJY54	2.0000	1.8641	0.6562	0.0000	0.4647	0.4636	0.3561
BMGJY65	2.0000	1.8506	0.6522	0.1477	0.4623	0.4596	0.5498
BMGJY75	3.0000	1.6367	0.6934	0.0000	0.3900	0.3890	0.3551
BMGJY76	3.0000	2.8904	1.0786	0.7056	0.6558	0.6540	0.7759
BMGJY80	3.0000	1.1893	0.3492	0.1020	0.1597	0.1592	0.4632
BMGJY84	3.0000	2.1652	0.9003	0.3226	0.5411	0.5382	0.6112
BMGJY86	2.0000	1.2800	0.3768	0.0000	0.2193	0.2188	0.1948
BMGJY87	2.0000	1.6879	0.5976	0.0000	0.4086	0.4076	0.3245
BMGJY89	3.0000	1.7053	0.7412	0.3200	0.4146	0.4136	0.4904
BMGJY93	3.0000	2.1294	0.8750	0.2500	0.5332	0.5304	0.6126
BMGJY107	3.0000	2.5121	0.9840	0.7744	0.6035	0.6019	0.6048
BMGJY113	2.0000	1.9122	0.6700	0.2381	0.4799	0.4770	0.5522
BMGJY116	3.0000	2.1364	0.8193	0.9150	0.5332	0.5319	0.2442
BMGJY117	2.0000	1.2680	0.3671	0.1173	0.2120	0.2114	0.4072
BMGJY122	3.0000	1.7466	0.7442	0.4100	0.4285	0.4274	0.4972
BMGJY124	2.0000	1.9396	0.6775	0.1681	0.4865	0.4844	0.6433
BMGJY125	2.0000	1.4928	0.5120	0.0352	0.3309	0.3301	0.3254
BMGJY135	2.0000	1.3172	0.4050	0.0000	0.2414	0.2408	0.2118
BMGJY141	3.0000	2.9565	1.0910	0.6796	0.6636	0.6618	0.7792
BMGJY148	3.0000	2.6431	1.0290	0.3700	0.6232	0.6217	0.6658
BMGJY155	2.0000	1.2028	0.3093	0.1474	0.1692	0.1686	0.4621
BMGJY158	3.0000	2.8854	1.0776	0.8660	0.6551	0.6534	0.6171
BMGJY161	3.0000	2.3635	0.9485	0.0206	0.5799	0.5769	0.5847
BMGJY162	2.0000	1.9620	0.6834	0.0000	0.4934	0.4903	0.4933
BMGJY165	3.0000	2.3664	0.9424	0.7589	0.5795	0.5774	0.6318
BMGJY166	2.0000	1.6164	0.5693	0.0000	0.3823	0.3813	0.3448
BMGJY169	2.0000	2.0000	0.6931	0.0000	0.5020	0.5000	0.5894
BMGJY170	3.0000	2.8306	1.0667	0.6809	0.6490	0.6467	0.7655
BMGJY177	3.0000	2.5423	1.0080	0.9282	0.6082	0.6067	0.4926
BMGJY179	2.0000	1.7575	0.6225	0.3886	0.4323	0.4310	0.6137
BMGJY180	2.0000	1.6000	0.5623	0.0000	0.3759	0.3750	0.3047
BMGJY183	2.0000	1.3613	0.4356	0.2740	0.2663	0.2654	0.5558
BMGJY185	2.0000	1.5889	0.5576	0.2672	0.3723	0.3707	0.6025
BMGJY188	2.0000	1.9231	0.6730	0.0000	0.4820	0.4800	0.5780
BMGJY194	3.0000	2.8249	1.0652	0.7337	0.6479	0.6460	0.7011
BMGJY199	3.0000	2.1333	0.8655	0.0000	0.5326	0.5312	0.4714
平均Mean	2.4808	1.9729	0.7277	0.2695	0.4609	0.4593	0.5104
St.Dev	0.5045	0.5084	0.2258	0.3049	0.1393	0.1388	0.1617

Table S3

Table 3

Table 4

Fig. 1

Table 5

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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生态区 Ecotope	来源省份 Province	数量 Accession number	合计 Total
东北春糜子区 Northeast spring-sowing ecotope (NES)	黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	11	28
	吉林 Jilin, China	9
	辽宁 Liaoning, China	6
	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia, China	2
华北夏糜子区 Northern summer-sowing ecotope (NSU)	河北 Hebei, China	8	23
	江苏 Jiangsu, China	2
	山东 Shandong, China	13
北方春糜子区 Northern spring-sowing ecotope (NSP)	北京 Beijing, China	1	63
	青海 Qinghai, China	1
	甘肃 Gansu, China	11
	河北 Hebei, China	7
	辽宁 Liaoning, China	1
	内蒙古 Inner Mongolia, China	10
	宁夏 Ningxia, China	6
	陕西 Shaanxi, China	11
	山西 Shanxi, China	15
黄土高原春夏糜子区 Loess plateau spring & summer-sowing ecotope (LPSS)	甘肃 Gansu, China	16	67
	河北 Hebei, China	4
	宁夏 Ningxia, China	3
	青海 Qinghai, China	8
	山西 Shanxi, China	23
	陕西 Shaanxi, China	13
西北春夏糜子区 Northwest spring & summer-sowing ecotope (NWSS)	新疆 Xinjiang, China	12	12
其他糜子区 Other sowing ecotope (OSP)	海南 Hainan, China	3	7
	湖北 Hubei, China	1
	云南 Yunnan, China	1
	青海 Qinghai, China	1
	西藏 Tibet, China	1
合计 Total		200	200

生态区 Ecotope	观测等位基因 Na	有效等位基因 Ne	Shannon 多样性指数 I	观测杂合度 Ho	期望杂合度 He	Nei’s期望杂合度 Nei	多态性信息含量 PIC
东北春糜子区NES	2.4423±0.5015	1.9570±0.4844	0.7148±0.2393	0.2482±0.2951	0.4684±0.1482	0.4558±0.1437	0.4851
华北夏糜子区NSU	2.3077±0.6116	1.7636±0.5920	0.5990±0.3110	0.2272±0.2815	0.3832±0.2024	0.3715±0.1968	0.4408
北方春糜子区NSP	2.4808±0.5045	1.9260±0.5217	0.7042±0.5474	0.2802±0.3177	0.4457±0.1578	0.4407±0.1560	0.4893
黄土高原春夏糜子区LPSS	2.4808±0.5045	1.9441±0.5134	0.7116±0.2371	0.2803±0.3223	0.4533±0.1486	0.4489±0.1472	0.4933
西北春夏糜子区NWSS	2.3077±0.5787	1.9141±0.5068	0.6747±0.2687	0.2758±0.3527	0.4585±0.1781	0.4360±0.1691	0.4576
其他糜子区OSP	2.1346±0.6577	1.7810±0.5778	0.5886±0.3349	0.2758±0.3472	0.4130±0.2291	0.3735±0.2085	0.3987

生态区 Ecotope	东北春糜子区 NES	华北夏糜子区 NSU	北方春糜子区 NSP	黄土高原春夏糜子区 LPSS	西北春夏糜子区 NWSS	其他糜子区 OSP
东北春糜子区 NES		0.9085	0.9675	0.9629	0.9306	0.8835
华北夏糜子区 NSU	0.0960		0.9013	0.9268	0.9132	0.9159
北方春糜子区 NSP	0.0331	0.1039		0.9824	0.9687	0.9211
黄土高原春夏糜子区 LPSS	0.0378	0.0760	0.0177		0.9781	0.9382
西北春夏糜子区 NWSS	0.0719	0.0908	0.0318	0.0222		0.9367
其他糜子区 OSP	0.1238	0.0879	0.0822	0.0638	0.0654

省份 Province	组群I Group I	组群II Group II	组群III Group III	组群IV Group IV	组群V Group V	组群VI Group VI
黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China			1	3	7
吉林 Jilin, China					9
辽宁 Liaoning, China			1		4	2
内蒙古 Inner Mongolia, China			6		6
河北 Hebei, China			3	5	6	5
江苏 Jiangsu, China					1	1
山东 Shandong, China				1	1	11
北京 Beijing, China					1
甘肃 Gansu, China			3	11	13
宁夏 Ningxia, China	1		1	1	6
青海 Qinghai, China	4			4	2
山西 Shanxi, China		1	1	1	32	3
陕西 Shaanxi, China		2	1	6	15
新疆 Xinjiang, China	1	4	1		6
海南 Hainan, China				1	1	1
湖北 Hubei, China					1
云南 Yunnan, China					1
西藏 Tibet, China		1
合计 Total	6	8	18	33	112	23

High motif EST-SSR markers development and genetic diversity evaluation for 200 core germplasms in proso millet

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序号 Number	统一编号 Unicode	材料名称 Material name	来源省份 Province
1	00000022	大粒糜子 Dalimeizi	黑龙江克山 Keshan, Heilongjiang, China
2	00003053	杂糜子 Zameizi	新疆青河 Qinghe, Xinjiang, China
3	00004366	黑黍子 Heishuzi	山东齐河 Qihe, Shandong, China
4	00005571	红糜子 Hongmeizi	青海西宁 Xining, Qinghai, China
5	00005818	白黍 Baishu	云南 Yunnan, China
6	00006650	金色黍 Jinseshu	海南临高 Lingao, Hainan, China

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