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Drought resistance identification and comprehensive evaluation of peanut germplasm resources

Wu Shuai-Xia1,Shang Sui-Teng1,Yu Bing-Jie1,Miao Hao-Cui1,*,Wan Li-Yun2,*,Hou Xian-Fei1,Li Qiang1,Jia Dong-Hai1,Gu Yuan-Guo1   

  1. 1 Crop Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Urumqi Field Comprehensive Observation Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China; 2 Jiangxi Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2026-02-28 Revised:2026-08-21 Accepted:2026-08-21 Published:2026-09-01
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Stability Support Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences “Using Genome-wide Association Analysis and QTLs to Explore Peanut Drought Tolerance Molecular Markers” (xinkywdzc-2023001-27), the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Oilseed Industry Technology System (XJARS) and the Jiangxi Oilseed Industry Technology System (JXARS-03).

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Abstract: As a major abiotic stress, drought affects 40% of the world's arable land and 60% of peanut-growing regions, resulting in a 20%–50% reduction in peanut yield. Systematically analyzing the phenotypic responses of peanut to drought stress and establishing a robust drought resistance evaluation system are of great theoretical and practical value for the development of the peanut industry. In this study, 384 peanut germplasm accessions were evaluated using a combination of field-based whole-growth-period drought stress and pot-based drought treatments. Agronomic traits were measured, and drought resistance was comprehensively assessed using the membership function method. The results showed that drought stress significantly reduced agronomic and yield traits at both the seedling stage and the whole growth period. The drought resistance coefficients of individual traits showed highly significant positive correlations with the comprehensive drought resistance value (D value) calculated by the membership function method. Based on cluster analysis of the D values, one highly drought-resistant germplasm accession (Puhua 9), five moderately drought-resistant accessions (GH01648, zy-496, GH01608, Yueyou 1821, Z5199), 37 moderately sensitive accessions (Heyou 11, Quanhonghua 1, W3701, zy-487, Z5189, etc.), and five sensitive accessions (Z5187, Z5223, zy-1097, Yuhua 144, Licheng Huasheng) were identified. Analysis of peanut germplasm accessions exhibiting substantial differences in overall performance revealed that reductions in main stem height, aboveground fresh weight, root fresh weight, and root dry weight can serve as indicators for drought resistance at the seedling stage, while decreases in main stem height, effective branch length, pod fresh weight, aboveground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, pod yield per plant, and biomass per plant can be used as indicators for drought resistance throughout the entire growth period.

Key words: peanut, seedling stage, whole growth period, drought stress, drought resistance coefficient, drought resistance classification

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