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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (08): 1465-1474.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01465

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of Elevated CO2 Concentration and Nitrogen Application on Translocation of Dry Matter and Nitrogen Restored before Anthesis in Winter Wheat

XU Yu-Bin1,3,SHEN Yu-Fang1,2,LI Shi-Qing1,2,*   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; 2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; 3 Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2010-12-01 Revised:2011-04-27 Online:2011-08-12 Published:2011-06-13
  • Contact: 李世清, E-mail: sqli@ms.iswc.ac.cn

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Abstract: Either CO2 enrichment or nitrogen (N) application has effects to increase grain yield, as well as dry matter and N accumulation in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To understand the effects and interaction of both factors on dry matter and N restored before anthesis and translocated from vegetative organs into grains, we carried out a pot experiment across two cropping seasons using wheat cultivars Xiaoyan 22 (2007–2008) and Xiaoyan 22 and Xiaoyan 6 (2008–2009). Wheat plants were grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under conditions of ambient CO2 concentration (AT, 375 μL L-1) and elevated CO2 concentration (ET, 680 μL L-1 in 2007–2008 and 750 μL L-1 in 2008–2009). N fertilizer was applied at levels of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 g kg-1 soil in 2007–2008 and 0, 0.15, and 0.30 g kg-1 soil in 2008–2009. Accumulation and translation of dry matter and N in pre-anthesis vegetative organs (stem + sheath, leaf blade, and spike) and shoot in all treatments were measured. CO2 concentration enrichment and N nutrition improvement increased dry matter and N accumulation in grain and pre-anthesis vegetative organs, and translocation amounts of dry matter and N from vegetative organs and shoot into grains. The reasonable N application promoted the positive effects of CO2 concentration on dry matter and N accumulation and translocation. Compared to AT, ET advanced the contribution and translocation rates of dry matter from vegetative organs and shoot into grains. The effects of CO2 enrichment on the N contribution and translocation rates in vegetative organs and shoot were different among years and cultivars. Elevated CO2 increased the N contribution and translocation rates in every vegetative organ and shoot in the 2007–2008 cropping season and those in stem + sheath and spike in the 2008–2009 cropping season. However, in the 2008–2009 cropping season, elevated CO2 reduced the N contribution rate in leaf blade and shoot of both cultivars under N levels of 0.15 and 0.30 g kg-1. The N translocation rates of leaf blade and shoot were increased in Xiaoyan 22 under all N levels and only the N translocation rate of shoot was increased in Xiaoyan 6 under N level of 0.3 g kg-1. The interaction between CO2 concentration and N nutrition positively affected the contribution and translocation rates of dry matter and N in vegetative organs and pre-anthesis shoot in most cases. This result suggested that elevated CO2 enhanced grain yield and N accumulation through promoting accumulation before anthesis and translocation after anthesis of dry matter and nitrogen in vegetative organs and shoot in some way.

Key words: Winter wheat, CO2 concentration, Nitrogen application, Grain yield, Matter accumulation and translocation

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