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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (09): 1639-1649.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01639

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Water-Nitrogen Management Patterns on Nitrogen Utilization Characteristics and Yield in Rice Cultivars with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiencies

SUN Yong-Jian1,SUN Yuan-Yuan2,XU Hui1, LI Yue1,YAN Feng-Jun1,JIANG Ming-Jin1,MA Jun1,*   

  1. 1 Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Cultivation in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang 611130, China; 2 Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610072, China
  • Received:2014-01-27 Revised:2014-06-16 Online:2014-09-12 Published:2014-06-27
  • Contact: 马均, E-mail: majunp2002@163.com

Abstract:

The optimal water-nitrogen (N) managements and the selection of genotypes with high nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) play a vital note in rice production aiming at high yield, high NUE and water-saving irrigation. In order to elucidate effects of water-nitrogen management patterns on N utilization characteristics, grain yield and its physiological basis in rice cultivars with different NUEs. Two different NUE rice cultivars with high-yield and high N-efficiency (Dexiang 4103) as well as medium-yield and low N-efficiency (Yixiang 3724), were used with three water-nitrogen management patterns, including standing irrigation and optimized N application (W1N1), alternate irrigation and optimized N application (W2N1), and dry cultivation and optimized N application (W3N2). The relationship between yield or N utilization characteristics and glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, photosynthetic rate (Pn) and root activity was investigated. The results showed that rice cultivars with different NUEs and water-nitrogen management patterns significantly affected N utilization characteristics, irrigation water use efficiency, physiological characteristics and grain yield. The regulation effects of water-nitrogen management patterns on NUE indexes (physiological efficiency, agronomy efficiency, and N recovery efficiency) were lower than those of rice cultivars with different NUEs, while the effects of water-nitrogen management on irrigation water use efficiency, total N accumulation, N dry matter production efficiency, and N production efficiency were significant. Compared with W1N1 and W3N2, W2N1 could promote the N uptake from elongation to maturing stages, enhance activity of GS, Pn, and root activity, and then improve grain yield and NUE of two different NUE rice cultivars, being the best model in this experiment. Moreover, the regulation effects of water-nitrogen management patterns on the cultivar with medium-yield and low N-efficiency were significantly higher than these with high-yield and high N-efficiency rice cultivars. The results also showed that average total spikelet number, N accumulation from elongation to heading stages, GS activity and Pn of leaves, and root activity of high N-efficiency rice cultivar were higher than those of low N-efficiency rice cultivar. Especially, during filling stage compared with medium-yielding and low N-efficiency cultivar, the high-yielding and high N-efficiency rice cultivar was more beneficial to higher metabolism and assimilation capacity of leaves and roots, which is the important reason for high-yielding and high N-efficiency rice cultivar further to increase yield and NUE. Correlation analysis indicated that there existed significantly positive correlations of GS activity and Pn of leaves, and root activity in the two N-efficiency rice cultivars with indices of N uptake and utilization and yield, furthermore, the maximum correlation coefficients of GS activity of leaves and root activity with yield or NUE were observed at heading stage.

Key words: Water-nitrogen management patterns, Rice, N use efficiency, N utilization, Grain yield

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