小麦矮秆突变体的鉴定及其突变性状的关联分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.01066

Abstract

Abstract:

Dwarf mutant is an important gene resource in wheat breeding and plant height genetic research. In this paper, EMS (ethyl methyl sulfonate) was used to mutate the mature seeds of ‘Yunmai 53’, and 33 candidate dwarf mutants of M₃generation were finally obtained by self-bred. Twenty-six dwarf mutants were selected by analyzing differences between the mutant parent in two years and that of M₂ and M₃ generation candidate plants, and the variation range of their plant height was from (13.61 ± 0.11) cm to (44.08 ± 1.73) cm. Twenty-six dwarf mutants with at least 2 mutant sites were verified based on 12 specific markers of 8 dwarf genes. In addition to plant height, 26 dwarf mutants also carried four mutational traits, spike length, spikelet density, internode number, and average internode length. The 26 dwarf mutants could be clustered into 5 subgroups. Among them, the first subgroup was the least in spikelets and florets, the second subgroup was the shortest in plant height, spike length and average internode length, and the highest spikelet density, while the third subgroup was the least in internode number. Plant height was significantly correlated with average internode length and internode number with partial correlation coefficients of 0.94 and 0.58, respectively, but not correlated with spike length, spikelet number and spikelet density. The plant height was genetically associated with internode length and internode number in 26 dwarf mutants. The mutants carried different combinations of the mutant gene, and can be useful in wheat dwarf breeding and the studies on genetic mechanism of the traits, such as plant height, spike length and spikelet density.

Key words: wheat, mutant, dwarf genes, molecular marker, genetic association

HE Jun-Yu, YIN Shun-Qiong, CHEN Yun-Qiong, XIONG Jing-Lei, WANG Wei-Bin, ZHOU Hong-Bin, CHEN Mei, WANG Meng-Yue, CHEN Sheng-Wei. Identification of wheat dwarf mutants and analysis on association between the mutant traits of the dwarf plants[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(5): 974-982.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Mean values of 7 agronomic traits of ‘Yunmai 53’ and candidate mutants, and the difference between the mean values (t-test)"

材料 Material	株高 Plant height (cm)	穗长 Spike length (cm)	每穗小穗数 Spikelets number per spike	小穗密度 Spikelet density	小花数 Number of florets	平均节间长 Average internode length (cm)	节间数 Number of internodes
云麦53 Yunmai 53	74.89±4.03	10.30±0.31	19.25±1.21	1.88±0.18	59.35±5.23	11.10±1.04	6.00±0.00
mutant 1	56.95±6.95	10.49±1.52	20.50±3.50	2.05±0.63	60.34±9.34	7.50±3.33	5.00±0.00
mutant 2	39.52±2.02^*	8.40±1.10	17.30±3.30	2.15±0.68	58.20±16.20	7.98±0.78	4.50±0.50
mutant 3	63.99±2.51	6.11±0.59^*	17.10±1.10	2.84±0.46	51.70±3.70	11.23±0.96	5.40±0.60
mutant 4	37.24±0.44^*	4.44±0.34^**	19.30±1.30	4.35±0.04^**	55.00±1.00	7.21±0.61	4.50±0.50
mutant 5	21.94±3.66^*	3.72±0.02^**	20.00±1.00	5.37±0.24^**	58.30±1.30	4.88±0.62^*	3.80±0.20^**
mutant 6	39.85±4.39^*	6.01±0.45^*	19.10±2.10	3.73±1.27	55.50±4.50	6.87±0.44	4.50±0.50
mutant 7	33.89±2.89^*	4.71±0.41^**	21.00±2.00	4.46±0.04^**	63.40±6.40	7.22±0.39	4.00±0.00
mutant 8	34.92±2.58^*	4.40±0.10^**	22.50±0.50	5.12±0.01^**	67.50±1.50	7.16±0.44	4.40±0.60
mutant 9	31.81±6.79^*	4.18±0.58^*	21.30±2.30	5.12±0.16^**	61.20±4.20	6.20±0.95	4.40±0.60
mutant 10	25.55±7.85^*	4.24±0.35^**	19.40±1.40	4.62±0.71	54.70±0.70	5.44±1.77	3.90±0.10^**
mutant 11	29.78±1.92^*	8.20±0.70	16.10±0.90	1.97±0.06	48.00±3.00	5.49±0.24^*	4.50±0.50
mutant 12	38.79±2.61^*	4.63±0.13^**	19.30±2.30	4.16±0.38^*	54.40±3.40	7.30±0.08	5.00±0.00
mutant 13	38.32±8.48	3.98±0.38^**	15.90±1.90	3.98±0.10^**	44.90±2.90	6.65±0.85	4.50±0.50
mutant 14	33.18±6.02^*	4.36±0.24^**	18.80±0.80	4.34±0.43^*	53.00±1.00	5.95±0.03^*	3.90±0.01^**
mutant 15	30.94±2.26^*	4.00±0.50^**	17.90±0.10	4.55±0.59^*	49.50±4.50	5.68±0.24^*	4.80±0.20^*
mutant 16	13.61±0.11^**	3.39±0.11^**	18.40±1.40	5.45±0.59^*	45.70±5.30	2.26±0.63^*	4.80±1.20
mutant 17	32.62±4.98^*	3.96±0.26^**	17.50±0.50	4.43±0.16^**	49.10±1.90	6.16±0.62	4.50±0.50
mutant 18	44.08±1.73^*	7.08±0.48^*	13.50±2.50	1.90±0.23	33.25±0.25^*	7.87±0.97	5.50±0.50
mutant 19	42.41±12.19	10.58±1.52	21.40±2.40	2.10±0.53	69.10±12.10	6.10±1.01	5.30±0.70
mutant 20	42.18±6.58	7.97±0.63	15.30±0.30	1.94±0.20	43.10±1.90	7.31±1.89	4.80±0.20^*
mutant 21	31.26±4.44^*	4.02±0.48^**	15.60±1.60	3.99±0.88	40.40±1.60	7.04±0.79	3.80±0.20^**
mutant 22	52.28±5.48	8.45±0.95	19.50±0.50	2.34±0.33	56.30±0.70	8.44±0.94	5.50±0.50
材料 Material	株高 Plant height (cm)	穗长 Spike length (cm)	每穗小穗数 Spikelets number per spike	小穗密度 Spikelet density	小花数 Number of florets	平均节间长 Average internode length (cm)	节间数 Number of internodes
mutant 23	15.80±0.60^**	3.70±0.35^**	19.80±1.80	5.28±0.01^*	58.80±4.80	2.29±0.41^*	4.40±0.60
mutant 24	30.07±4.43^*	6.76±1.04	16.90±2.90	2.63±0.84	49.70±7.70	5.26±0.05^*	5.00±0.00
mutant 25	18.16±4.44^*	3.77±0.17^**	20.20±0.20	5.37±0.19^**	58.80±1.20	3.93±0.93^*	4.50±0.50
mutant 26	19.75±1.35^**	4.60±1.00^*	18.60±1.60	4.17±0.56	53.20±2.20	4.16±0.46^*	3.80±0.20^**
mutant 27	34.54±4.74^*	7.49±0.89	14.80±3.80	1.95±0.28	50.00±17.00	7.13±1.40	4.50±0.50
mutant 28	33.76±10.16	8.86±0.16	15.90±1.90	1.79±0.18	53.90±11.90	6.59±3.49	5.00±0.00
mutant 29	35.01±4.79^*	8.20±0.40	16.40±0.40	2.01±0.15	49.30±1.30	6.18±0.02^*	5.00±0.00
mutant 30	30.09±6.01^*	8.57±1.13	16.10±1.10	1.93±0.38	48.60±3.60	5.92±0.00^*	4.30±0.70
mutant 31	33.96±0.36^*	8.70±1.00	17.20±0.20	2.01±0.26	49.20±1.80	5.60±0.94	4.50±0.50
mutant 32	31.50±0.70^**	8.02±0.28^*	16.50±1.50	2.07±0.26	46.30±1.30	5.11±0.53^*	4.50±0.50
mutant 33	24.02±3.38^*	10.04±1.94	16.63±1.63	1.69±0.17	47.75±2.75	3.95±0.12^*	5.00±1.00

Table 2

Fig. 2

Table 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table S1

Table 4

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基因 Gene	标记 Marker	正向引物 Forward sequence (5′-3′)	反向引物 Reverse sequence (5′-3′)	片段长度 Product size (bp)
Rht-B1a	BF-WR1	GGTAGGGAGGCGAGAGGCGAG	CATCCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTG	237
Rht-B1b	BF-MR1	GGTAGGGAGGCGAGAGGCGAG	CATCCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTA	237
Rht-D1a	BF2-WR2	GGCAAGCAAAAGCTTCGCG	GGCCATCTCGAGCTGCAC	264
Rht-D1b	BF-MR2	CGCGCAATTATTGGCCAGAGATAG	CCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTGCTA	254
Rht4	WMC317	TGCTAGCAATGCTCCGGGTAAC	TCACGAAACCTTTTCCTCCTCC	170
Rht5	BARC102	GGAGAGGACCTGCTAAAATCGAAGACA	GCGTTTACGGATCAGTGTTGGAGA	200
Rht8	Xgwm261	CTCCCTGTACGCCTAAGGC	CTCGCGCTACTAGCCATTG	192
Rht8	WMC503	GCAATAGTTCCCGCAAGAAAAG	ATCAACTACCTCCAGATCCCGT	225
Rht9	BARC151	TGAGGAAAATGTCTCTATAGCATCC	CGCATAAACACCTTCGCTCTTCCACTC	220
Rht12	WMC410	GGACTTGAAAGGAAGCTTGTGA	CATGGATGGCATGCAGTGT	114
Rht13	WMS577	ATGGCATAATTTGGTGAAATTG	TGTTTCAAGCCCAACTTCTATT	130
Rht14/16/18	XBARC3	TTCCCTGTGTCTTTCTAATTTTTTTT	GCGAACTCCCGAACATTTTTAT	210

材料 Material	检测到的基因 Genes detected by 13 markers
云麦53 Yunmai 53	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht4, Rht8, Rht9, Rht12, Rht14, Rht16, Rht18
mutant 1	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht4, Rht5, Rht8^#, Rht9^#, Rht13, Rht14, Rht16, Rht18
mutant 2	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht4, Rht5, Rht8^#, Rht9^#, Rht13, Rht14, Rht16, Rht18
mutant 3	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht4, Rht8^#, Rht9^#, Rht12, Rht14, Rht16, Rht18
mutant 10	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht4, Rht8, Rht9^#
mutant 11	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht5, Rht12
mutant 19	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht4, Rht5, Rht8, Rht9^#, Rht14, Rht16, Rht18
mutant 26	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht4, Rht8, Rht9, Rht13
mutant 27 & mutant 28	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht4, Rht8^#, Rht9^#, Rht13
Other mutants	Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht4, Rht5, Rht8, Rht9^#

性状 Traits	变异来源 SOV	平方和 SS	自由度 df	均方 MS	F值 F-value
株高Plant height (cm)	组间Between groups	11,981.952	5	2396.390	37.615^**
株高Plant height (cm)	组内Within group	4077.292	64	63.708
穗长Spike length (cm)	组间Between groups	119.531	5	23.906	4.603^**
穗长Spike length (cm)	组内Within group	332.417	64	5.194
小穗数Spikelets number per spike	组间Between groups	234.415	5	46.883	10.229^**
小穗数Spikelets number per spike	组内Within group	293.328	64	4.583
小穗密度Spikelet density	组间Between groups	48.716	5	9.743	6.920^**
小穗密度Spikelet density	组内Within group	90.110	64	1.408
小花数Number of florets	组间Between groups	3126.921	5	625.384	11.289^**
小花数Number of florets	组内Within group	3545.316	64	55.396
平均节间长Average internode length (cm)	组间Between groups	190.020	5	38.004	13.307^**
平均节间长Average internode length (cm)	组内Within group	182.776	64	2.865
节间数Number of Internode	组间Between groups	14.628	5	2.926	7.604^**
节间数Number of Internode	组内Within group	24.623	64	0.385

性状 Trait	株高 Plant height (cm)	穗长 Spike length (cm)	小穗数 Spikelets number per spike	小穗密度 Spikelet density	小花数 Number of florets	平均节间长 Average internode length (cm)	节间数 Number of internode
株高 Plant height (cm)		0.51^**	-0.09	-0.47^*	0.06	0.92^**	0.59^**
穗长 Spike length (cm)	0.26		-0.54^*	-0.95^**	-0.25	0.36	0.53^**
小穗数 Spikelets number per spike	0.26	0.41		0.74^**	0.89^**	-0.07	-0.27
小穗密度 Spikelet density	-0.11	-0.95^**	0.64^**		0.47^*	-0.38	-0.48^**
小花数 Number of florets	-0.32	0.13	0.78^**	-0.09		0.10	-0.23
平均节间长 Average internode length (cm)	0.94^**	-0.43^*	-0.16	-0.29	0.35		0.35
节间数 Number of internode	0.58^**	0.16	-0.10	0.16	-0.08	-0.44^*

Identification of wheat dwarf mutants and analysis on association between the mutant traits of the dwarf plants

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