棉花苗期根系分型及根系性状的关联分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14067

Abstract

Abstract:

Root is the main organ of plants that absorbs water and nutrients. The growth of the root system will directly affect the absorption and utilization of nutrients, the resistance to abiotic stress and finally the yield of cotton. In this study, a natural population of 220 upland cotton accessions and a chromosomal segment substitution line (CSSL) population with 325 lines, derived from the crossing and backcrossing of Gossypium barbadense acc. 3-79 with G. hirsutum cv. ‘Emian 22’ were selected to collect the major root phenotypic traits. Four major traits, namely main root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW) and lateral root angle (LRA) were investigated, and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was performed for four root traits in natural populations in combination with genome resequencing. The results showed that the four root traits of the natural population are all in line with normal distribution, and the CSSL population were all in skewed distribution. The mean value of root index of CSSL population was higher than that of natural population. A total of 2,714,140 SNP was obtained from the resequencing data of the natural population. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the RFW and MRL could be used as two indexes for cotton root classification, through which the cotton root could be divided into nine types in each population. The analysis of population structure demonstrated that the natural population can be divided into five subgroups. Genome-wide association analysis rrevealed that two association sites were simultaneously associated by RFW and RDW in natural populations. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for further research on root system architecture (RSA) and its genetic mechanism, and it is also of great significance to cotton breeding of abiotic stress resistance.

Key words: cotton, GWAS, main root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), plant root system architecture (RSA)

SUN Si-Min, HAN Bei, CHEN Lin, SUN Wei-Nan, ZHANG Xian-Long, YANG Xi-Yan. Root system architecture analysis and genome-wide association study of root system architecture related traits in cotton[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1081-1090.

Figures/Tables 21

Table S1

Natural population material"

材料编号 Material number	材料名称 Material name	材料来源 Materials source
ZY01	鄂棉24 Emian 24	湖北 Hubei, China
ZY02	渝棉1 Yumian 1	四川Sichuan, China
ZY03	湘棉13 Xiangmian 13	湖南Hunan, China
ZY06	银山4号Yinshan 4	河南Henan, China
ZY07	军棉1号Junmian 1	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY08	新陆早16 Xinluzao 16	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY10	中棉所12 Zhongmiansuo 12	河南Henan, China
ZY11	鄂荆1号Ejing 1	湖北Hubei, China
ZY13	94052	不详 Unknown
ZY14	川棉30 Chuanmian 30	四川Sichuan, China
ZY15	鲁棉2号Lumian 2	山东Shandong, China
ZY17	鲁棉9号Lumian 9	山东Shandong, China
ZY18	鲁棉10号Lumian 10	山东Shandong, China
ZY21	辽棉7号Liaomian 7	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY24	辽棉11号Liaomian 11	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY25	辽棉14号Liaomian 14	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY26	辽棉15号Liaomian 15	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY30	晋棉12号Jinmian 12	山西Shanxi, China
ZY31	晋棉13号Jinmian 13	山西Shanxi, China
ZY32	晋棉18号Jinmian 18	山西Shanxi, China
ZY34	斯字棉4B Stoneville 4B	美国USA
ZY35	晋棉28号Jinmian 8	山西Shanxi, China
ZY36	晋棉36号Jinmian 36	山西Shanxi, China
ZY37	冀棉3号Jimian 3	河北Hebei, China
ZY38	冀棉8号Jimian 8	河北Hebei, China
ZY40	冀棉11号Jimian 11	河北Hebei, China
ZY41	冀棉12号Jimian 12	河北Hebei, China
ZY42	冀棉91-19 Jimian 91-19	河北Hebei, China
ZY43	冀棉228 Jimian 298	河北Hebei, China
ZY45	冀棉321 Jimian 321	河北Hebei, China
ZY47	邯4849 Han 4849	河北Hebei, China
ZY48	豫棉3号Yumian 3	河南Henan, China
ZY50	豫棉11号Yumian 11	河南Henan, China
ZY52	豫棉19号Yumian 19	河南Henan, China
ZY53	豫棉668 Emian 668	河南Henan, China
ZY54	新陆早1号Xinluzao 1	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY55	新陆早6号Xinluzao 6	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY57	新陆早8号Xinluzao 8	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY58	新陆早9号Xinluzao 9	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY59	新陆早12号Xinluzao 12	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY61	邯802 Han 802	河北Hebei, China
ZY63	新陆早22号Xinluzao 22	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY65	新陆早32号Xinluzao 32	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY66	新陆中3号Xinluzhong 3	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY67	新陆中4号Xinluzhong 4	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY70	鄂棉3号Emian 3	湖北Hubei, China
ZY73	鄂棉6号Emian 6	湖北Hubei, China
ZY74	鄂棉9号Emian 9	湖北Hubei, China
ZY76	鄂棉11号Emian 11	湖北Hubei, China
ZY80	鄂棉15号Emian 15	湖北Hubei, China
ZY81	鄂棉16号Emian 16	湖北Hubei, China
ZY83	晋棉11 Jinmian 11	山西Shanxi, China
ZY84	鄂棉19号Emian 19	湖北Hubei, China
ZY85	鄂棉20号Emian 20	湖北Hubei, China
ZY88	苏棉4号Sumian 4	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY90	鄂抗棉2号Ekangmian 2	湖北Hubei, China
ZY94	鄂抗棉6号Ekangmian 6	湖北Hubei, China
ZY95	鄂抗棉7号Ekangmian 7	湖北Hubei, China
ZY97	鄂抗棉9号Ekangmian 9	湖北Hubei, China
ZY98	鄂抗棉10号Ekangmian 10	湖北Hubei, China
ZY101	鄂光Eguangmian	湖北Hubei, China
ZY102	鄂沙28 Esha 28	湖北Hubei, China
ZY103	鄂荆92 Ejing 92	湖北Hubei, China
ZY105	徐州142 Xuzhou 142	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY106	徐州209 Xuzhou 209	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY107	徐州1214 Xuzhou 1214	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY108	徐州1514 Xuzhou 1514	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY109	徐州1818 Xuzhou 1818	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY110	苏棉2号Sumian 2	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY111	苏棉3号Sumian 3	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY112	苏棉5号Sumian 5	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY113	苏棉8号Sumian 8	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY116	苏抗191 Sukang 191	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY118	冈棉2号Gangmian 2	湖北Hubei, China
ZY121	泗棉2号Simian 2	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY122	晋棉1号Jinmian 1	山西Shanxi, China
ZY123	陕棉9号Shanmian 9	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY126	岱红岱Daihongdai	美国USA
ZY127	荆1246 Jing1246	湖北Hubei, China
ZY134	黑山棉1号Heishanmian 1	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY136	天棉1号Tianmian 1	湖北Hubei, China
ZY138	华抗棉1号Huakangmian 1	湖北Hubei, China
ZY139	科遗2号Keyimian 2	河北Hebei, China
ZY142	南通5号Nantong 5	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY143	石短5号Shiduan 5	河北Hebei, China
ZY144	山农丰6号Shannongfeng 6	山东Shandong, China
ZY145	沙农6号Shanong 6	湖北Hubei, China
ZY147	赣棉12号Ganmian 12	江西Jiangxi, China
ZY148	湘棉13 Xiangmian 13	湖南Hunan, China
ZY152	皖棉73-10 Wanmian 73-10	安徽Anhui, China
ZY153	86-1	不详Unknown
ZY154	99B	美国USA
ZY156	SGK321	河北Hebei, China
ZY157	鲁棉26 Lumian 26	山东Shandong, China
ZY158	斯字棉4号Stoneville 4	美国USA
ZY160	泾斯棉Jingsimian	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY161	鸭鹏棉Yapengmian	湖北Hubei, China
ZY162	鸡脚德字棉Jijiaodezimian	美国USA
ZY163	中棉所36Z hongmiansuo 36	河南Henan, China
ZY164	中棉所40 Zhongmiansuo 40	河南Henan, China
ZY165	中棉所2 Zhongmiansuo 2	河南Henan, China
ZY168	宛抗棉9号Wankangmian 9	河南Henan, China
ZY169	中棉所7号Zhongmiansuo 7	河南Henan, China
ZY171	中棉所10 Zhongmiansuo 10	河南Henan, China
ZY173	中棉所13 Zhongmiansuo 13	河南Henan, China
ZY178	中棉所19 Zhongmiansuo 19	河南Henan, China
ZY179	中棉所20 Zhongmiansuo 20	河南Henan, China
ZY184	赣棉10号Ganmian 10	江西Jiangxi, China
ZY187	中棉所27 Zhongmiansuo 27	河南Henan, China
ZY188	中棉所30 Zhongmiansuo 30	河南Henan, China
ZY189	中棉所31 Zhongmiansuo 31	河南Henan, China
ZY190	中棉所32 Zhongmiansuo 32	河南Henan, China
ZY192	中棉所34 Zhongmiansuo 34	河南Henan, China
ZY193	中棉所35 Zhongmiansuo 35	河南Henan, China
ZY196	中棉所43 Zhongmiansuo 43	河南Henan, China
ZY198	中棉所45 Zhongmiansuo 45	河南Henan, China
ZY199	中棉所49 Zhongmiansuo 49	河南Henan, China
ZY202	中棉所69 Zhongmiansuo 69	河南Henan, China
ZY207	31503	苏联Soviet Union
ZY208	108夫108 fu	苏联Soviet Union
ZY209	52-128	四川Sichuan, China
ZY210	57-681	四川Sichuan, China
ZY211	611波611 bo	苏联Soviet Union
ZY213	NC20B	美国USA
ZY214	SGK棉69 SGKmian 69	河南Henan, China
ZY218	霸王鞭Bawangbian	山西Shanxi, China
ZY219	北农1号Beinong 1	河北Hebei, China
ZY220	宾川373 Binchuan 373	云南Yunnan, China
ZY221	滨棉1号Binmian 1	山东Shandong, China
ZY222	渤棉2号Bomian 2	山东Shandong, China
ZY223	长绒1号Changrong 1	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY224	常抗棉Changkangmian	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY225	朝阳棉1号Chaoyangmian 1	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY229	川棉56 Chuanmian 56	四川Sichuan, China
ZY230	川棉239 Chuanmian 239	四川Sichuan, China
ZY233	大丰30 Dafeng 30	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY234	岱字棉Deltapine cotton	美国USA
ZY235	岱字棉14 Deltapine cotton 14	美国USA
ZY236	岱字棉16 Deltapine cotton 16	美国USA
ZY237	德夏棉1号Dexiamian 1	美国USA
ZY238	德字棉531 Dezimian 531	美国USA
ZY239	敦棉1号Dunmian 1	甘肃Gansu, China
ZY240	敦棉2号Dunmian 2	甘肃Gansu, China
ZY243	富棉289 Fumian 289	河南Henan, China
ZY244	赣棉1号Ganmian 1	江西Jiangxi, China
ZY245	赣棉2号Ganmian 2	江西Jiangxi, China
ZY250	赣棉13 Ganmian 13	江西Jiangxi, China
ZY252	关农1号Guannong 1	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY253	光叶岱字棉Guangyedaizimian	美国USA
ZY254	国欣棉3号Guoxinmian 3	河北Hebei, China
ZY256	邯7860 Han 7860	河北Hebei, China
ZY259	邯棉885 Handan 885	河北Hebei, China
ZY260	河南79 Henan 79	河南Henan, China
ZY261	华东6号Huadong 6	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY263	冀688 Ji 688	河北Hebei, China
ZY264	冀958 Jimian 958	河北Hebei, China
ZY267	冀丰554 Jifeng 554	山东Shandong, China
ZY268	冀棉1号Jimian 1	山东Shandong, China
ZY270	冀棉6号Jimian 6	山东Shandong, China
ZY271	冀棉7号Jimian 7	山东Shandong, China
ZY274	冀棉15 Jimian 15	山东Shandong, China
ZY275	冀棉19 Jimian 19	山东Shandong, China
ZY276	冀棉20 Jimian 20	山东Shandong, China
ZY277	冀棉21 Jimian 21	山东Shandong, China
ZY281	冀棉28 Jimian 28	山东Shandong, China
ZY282	冀棉169 Jimian 169	山东Shandong, China
ZY283	晋中169 Jinzhong 169	山西Shanxi, China
ZY285	江苏棉1号Jiangsumian 1	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY286	江苏棉3号Jiangsumian 3	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY288	锦棉1号Jinmian 1	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY289	锦棉2号Jinmian 2	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY291	锦棉6号Jinmian 6	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY294	晋棉5号Jinmian 5	山西Shanxi, China
ZY295	晋棉6号Jinmian 6	山西Shanxi, China
ZY297	晋棉9号Jinmian 9	山西Shanxi, China
ZY299	苏棉10号Sumian 10	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY301	晋棉16 Jinmian 16	山西Shanxi, China
ZY302	晋棉17 Jinmian 17	山西Shanxi, China
ZY304	晋棉21 Jinmian 21	山西Shanxi, China
ZY305	晋棉24 Jinmian 24	山西Shanxi, China
ZY306	晋棉25 Jinmian 25	山西Shanxi, China
ZY307	晋棉26 Jinmian 26	山西Shanxi, China
ZY309	晋棉29 Jinmian 29	山西Shanxi, China
ZY311	晋棉38 Jinmian 38	山西Shanxi, China
ZY314	科遗181 Keyi 181	河北Hebei, China
ZY315	克克1543 Keke 1543	苏联Soviet Union
ZY316	澧县72 Lixian 72	湖南Hunan, China
ZY317	辽棉1号Liaomian 1	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY318	辽棉3号Liaomian 3	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY321	辽棉6号Liaomian 6	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY322	辽棉8号Liaomian 8	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY323	辽棉12 Liaomian 12	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY326	辽棉18 Liaomian 18	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY327	辽阳短节Liaoyangduanjie	辽宁Liaoning, China
ZY329	鲁742 Lu 742	山东Shandong, China
ZY330	鲁K638 LuK 638	山东Shandong, China
ZY331	鲁棉5号Lumian 5	山东Shandong, China
ZY332	鲁棉12 Lumian 12	山东Shandong, China
ZY333	鲁棉14号Lumian 14	山东Shandong, China
ZY335	鲁棉22 Lumian 22	山东Shandong, China
ZY338	鲁棉28 Lumian 28	山东Shandong, China
ZY340	鲁棉32 Lumian 32	山东Shandong, China
ZY343	鲁棉研17号Lumianyan 17	山东Shandong, China
ZY347	鲁棉研27 Lumianyan 27	山东Shandong, China
ZY350	鲁棉研32 Lumianyan 32	山东Shandong, China
ZY352	罗甸铁籽Luodiantiezi	贵州Guizhou, China
ZY354	宁棉1号Ningmian 1	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY355	宁棉5号Ningmian 5	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY356	宁棉7号Ningmian 7	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY357	宁棉12 Ningmian 12	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY358	宁棉22 Ningmian 22	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY359	农大94-7 Nongda 94-7	河北Hebei, China
ZY360	农大棉8号Nongdamian 8	河北Hebei, China
ZY361	农垦5号Nongkeng 5	苏联Soviet Union
ZY363	秦荔514 Qinli 514	河北Hebei, China
ZY364	秦远4号Qinyuan 4	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY367	山农丰抗棉6号Shangnongfengkangmian 6	山东Shandong, China
ZY370	陕2234 Shaan 2234	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY371	陕3619 Shaan 3619	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY373	陕棉1号Shaanmian 1	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY375	陕棉4号Shaanmian 4	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY377	陕早2786 Shaanzao 2786	陕西Shaanxi, China
ZY378	商丘24 Shangqiu 24	河南Henan, China
ZY380	司1470 Si1470	苏联Soviet Union
ZY381	斯字棉2B Stoneville 2B	美国USA
ZY384	泗棉4号Simian 4	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY385	泗阳331 Siyang 331	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY389	苏棉11 Sumian 11	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY394	苏棉18 Sumian 18	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY396	苏棉20 Sumian 20	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY397	苏棉21 Sumian 21	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY398	苏棉22 Sumian 22	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY401	宛棉5号Wanmian 5	河南Henan, China
ZY402	皖棉8号Wanmian 8	安徽Anhui, China
ZY403	皖棉17号Wanmian 17	安徽Anhui, China
ZY404	湘4108 Xiang 4108	湖南Hunan, China
ZY405	湘棉10号Xiangmian 10	湖南Hunan, China
ZY406	湘棉11 Xiangmian 11	湖南Hunan, China
ZY408	协作2号Xiezuo 2	浙江Zhejiang, China
ZY409	新陆201 Xinlu 201	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY410	新陆早2号Xinluzao 2	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY412	新陆早4号Xinluzao 4	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY413	新陆早5号Xinluzao 5	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY415	新陆早11 Xinluzao 6	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY416	新陆早19 Xinluzao 7	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY420	新陆早30 Xinluzao 8	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY421	新陆早31 Xinluzao 9	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY422	新陆早36 Xinluzao 10	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY425	新陆中7号Xinluzhong 7	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY428	新陆中14 Xinluzhong 14	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY429	新陆中15 Xinluzhong 15	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY431	新陆中18 Xinluzhong 18	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY434	新研96-48 Xinyan 96-48	河南Henan, China
ZY436	鑫秋4号Xinqiu 4	山东Shandong, China
ZY437	徐棉18 Xumian 18	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY439	徐州219 Xumian 219	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY440	徐州514 Xuzhou 514	江苏Jiangsu, China
ZY441	盐棉1号Yanmian 1	四川Sichuan, China
ZY443	银山8号Yishan 8	河南Henan, China
ZY445	豫79-10 Yu 79-10	河南Henan, China
ZY446	豫抗1号Yukang 1	河南Henan, China
ZY447	豫棉1号Yumian 1	河南Henan, China
ZY449	豫棉5号Yumian 5	河南Henan, China
ZY451	豫棉7号Yumian 7	河南Henan, China
ZY452	豫棉8号Yumian 8	河南Henan, China
ZY454	豫棉14 Yumian 14	河南Henan, China
ZY458	豫棉20 Yumian 20	河南Henan, China
ZY461	豫棉19 Yumian 19	河南Henan, China
ZY463	粤陆2号Yuelu 2	广东Guangdong, China
ZY464	运1729 Yun 1729	山西Shanxi, China
ZY465	运87-509 Yun 87-509	山西Shanxi, China
ZY467	浙棉9号Zhemian 9	浙江Zhejiang, China
ZY468	浙棉11号Zhemian 11	浙江Zhejiang, China
ZY469	郑农棉4号Zhengnongmian 4	河南Henan, China
ZY470	斯517 Si 517	美国USA
ZY473	新陆早7号Xinluzao 7	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY478	新陆早15号Xinluzao 15	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY482	新陆早22号Xinluzao 22	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY484	新陆早25号Xinluzao 25	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY485	新陆早26号Xinluzao 26	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY487	新陆早28号Xinluzao 28	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY497	新陆早41号Xinluzao 41	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY501	新陆早46号Xinluzao 46	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY503	新陆早48号Xinluzao 48	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY506	中植棉2号Zhongzhimian 2	北疆Northern Xinjiang, China
ZY507	鄂棉22 Emian 22	湖北Hubei, China
ZY510	新陆中34 Xinluzhong 34	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY511	新陆中13 Xinluzhong 13	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY514	新陆中8号Xinluzhong 8	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY515	新陆中12 Xinluzhong 12	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY517	新陆中20 Xinluzhong 20	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY521	新陆中40号Xinluzhong 40	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China
ZY522	新陆中41号Xinluzhong 41	南疆Southern Xinjiang, China

Table S1

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Table S2

Table S3

Table S4

Table S5

Fig. S1

Fig. S2

Table 3

Table 4

Table S6

Fig. 3

Table 5

Table 6

Table S7

Introduce the material table of system cluster analysis"

类型 Type	类型 Type	材料编号 Material number
根鲜重高 Heavy RFW (63)	I (10)	M134, M001, M191, M294, M005, M058, M285, M324, M087, M245
	II (25)	M008, M062, M250, M065, M289, M203, M241, M235, M311, M216, M182, M201, M217, M310, M316, M119, M190, M124, M323, M138, M014, M295, M126, M306, M224
	III (28)	M214, M043, M013, M253, M009, M104, M112, M301, M226, M113, M211, M141, M242, M299, M002, M105, M208, M238, M284, M317, M265, M086, M261, M192, M290, M102, M170, M003
根鲜重中等 Medium RFW (92)	IV (44)	M172, M020, M174, M082, M308, M227, M185, M267, M282, M030, M264, M210, M155, M196, M315, M137, M044, M220, M246, M280, M319, M179, M187, M089, M121, M231, M212, M035, M033, M146, M256, M283, M298, M230, M140, M281, M175, M271, M313, M149, M154, M221, M132, M084
	V (17)	M034, M225, M100, M056, M171, M291, M015, M047, M229, M079, M275, M037, M133, M207, M288, M142, M314
	VI (31)	M111, M257, M157, M183, M243, M073, M222, M151, M061, M094, M255, M052, M130, M115, M028, M223, M218, M012, M278, M011, M232, M254, M305, M228, M045, M108, M017, M006, M240, M021, M198
根鲜重低 Low RFW (118)	VII (32)	M300, M219, M215, M118, M325, M143, M270, M148, M139, M204, M136, M292, M168, M312, M274, M268, M125, M320, M131, M165, M049, M076, M069, M193, M276, M116, M054, M122, M194, M273, M205, M123
	VIII (57)	M004, M263, M259, M024, M098, M318, M074, M110, M297, M233, M213, M109, M251, M066, M303, M158, M117, M046, M078, M085, M023, M309, M189, M163, M018, M252, M064, M144, M129, M169, M101, M272, M053, M152, M097, M099, M091, M106, M019, M077, M083, M269, M090, M147, M095, M266, M075, M296, M060, M262, M302, M173, M135, M103, M068, M070, M164
	IX (29)	M159, M286, M055, M048, M010, M156, M162, M307, M277, M029, M040, M072, M039, M128, M016, M057, M071, M059, M050, M234, M025, M166, M007, M153, M067, M027, M167, M096, M176

Table S7

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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性状 Trait	3-79				鄂棉22 Emian 22
性状 Trait	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	P值 P-value	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.
根鲜重RFW (g)	1.056±0.206	1.379	0.881	0.027	0.791±0.077	0.877	0.668
主根长MRL (cm)	30.040±3.179	33.640	26.180	7.350E-05	19.350±0.472	20.190	19.060
根干重RDW (g)	0.065±0.013	0.080	0.052	0.012	0.044±0.006	0.052	0.038
侧根夹角LRA (°)	63.562±4.826	67.850	57.710	0.632	64.764±2.435	68.420	62.490

性状 Trait	自然群体Natural population					导入系群体CSSLs
性状 Trait	均值 Mean	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)	均值 Mean	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)
根鲜重RFW (g)	0.468	0.952	0.163	0.148	31.62	0.592	1.027	0.271	0.198	33.45
主根长MRL (cm)	16.674	26.167	5.735	4.162	24.96	21.717	31.614	15.024	5.743	26.44
根干重RDW (g)	0.026	0.063	0.009	0.009	34.62	0.034	0.066	0.022	0.011	32.35
侧根夹角LRA (°)	67.774	86.467	54.462	5.624	8.30	57.234	77.319	37.688	14.953	26.13

性状 Trait	均值统计量 Mean	均值标准误 Mean SEM	标准差统计量 SD	偏度统计量 Skewness	偏度标准误 Skewness SEM	峰度统计量 Kurtosis	峰度标准误 Kurtosis SEM
根鲜重RFW	0.468	0.010	0.148	0.630	0.164	0.407	0.327
根干重RDW	0.026	0.001	0.009	0.798	0.161	1.519	0.320
主根长MRL	16.674	0.281	4.162	-0.319	0.164	-0.257	0.327
侧根夹角LRA	67.774	0.379	5.624	0.321	0.164	0.330	0.327

性状 Trait	柯尔莫哥罗夫-斯米尔诺夫检验 Kolmogorov-Smirnov^a			SW检验 Shapiro-Wilk
性状 Trait	统计量 Statistic	自由度 df	显著性 Significance	统计量 Satistic	自由度 df	显著性 Significance
根鲜重RFW	0.068	220	0.015	0.975	220	0.001
根干重RDW	0.070	220	0.011	0.961	220	0.000
主根长MRL	0.069	220	0.012	0.986	220	0.034
侧根夹角LRA	0.061	220	0.044	0.989	220	0.107

性状 Trait	均值统计量Mean	均值标准误 Mean SEM	标准差统计量 SD	偏度统计量 Skewness	偏度标准误 Skewness SEM	峰度统计量 Kurtosis	峰度标准误 Kurtosis SEM
根鲜重RFW	0.634	0.007	0.126	0.266	0.144	-0.032	0.286
根干重RDW	0.037	0.001	0.007	0.524	0.144	1.016	0.286
主根长MRL	22.859	0.178	3.051	0.088	0.142	-0.244	0.284
侧根夹角LRA	60.383	0.393	6.716	-2.629	0.143	22.009	0.284

Root system architecture analysis and genome-wide association study of root system architecture related traits in cotton

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成分 Element	初始特征值Initial eigenvalue			提取平方和载入Sum of squares extracted
成分 Element	合计 Total	方差 Variance (%)	累积 Accumulation (%)	合计 Total	方差 Variance (%)	累积 Accumulation (%)
根鲜重RFW	1.641	41.036	41.036	1.641	41.036	41.036
根干重RDW	0.959	23.971	65.007
主根长MRL	0.869	21.724	86.731
侧根夹角LRA	0.531	13.269	100.000

性状 Trait	根鲜重 RFW	根干重 RGW	主根长 MRL	侧根夹角 LRA	得分系数 Score
根鲜重RFW	1.000	0.156	0.461	-0.194	0.488
根干重RGW	0.156	1.000	0.071	-0.077	0.209
主根长MRL	0.461	0.071	1.000	-0.200	0.474
侧根夹角LRA	-0.194	-0.077	-0.200	1.000	-0.320

类型 Type	分类 Type	材料编号 Material number
根鲜重高 Heavy RFW (103)	I (38)	ZY451, ZY286, ZY440, ZY343, ZY163, ZY190, ZY196, ZY416, ZY254, ZY090, ZY263, ZY037, ZY126, ZY047, ZY057, ZY515, ZY223, ZY244, ZY305, ZY021, ZY238, ZY067, ZY252, ZY406, ZY211, ZY318, ZY281, ZY329, ZY207, ZY032, ZY437, ZY098, ZY139, ZY309, ZY237, ZY276, ZY084, ZY123
	II (46)	ZY173, ZY065, ZY370, ZY294, ZY161, ZY354, ZY381, ZY352, ZY006, ZY389, ZY514, ZY413, ZY443, ZY291, ZY373, ZY449, ZY288, ZY073, ZY179, ZY052, ZY522, ZY268, ZY253, ZY048, ZY420, ZY127, ZY145, ZY445, ZY458, ZY013, ZY507, ZY220, ZY157, ZY074, ZY396, ZY101, ZY178, ZY465, ZY025, ZY102, ZY264, ZY035, ZY363, ZY326, ZY106, ZY468
	III (19)	ZY377, ZY506, ZY315, ZY011, ZY083, ZY144, ZY275, ZY107, ZY085, ZY066, ZY213, ZY398, ZY409, ZY050, ZY304, ZY240, ZY162, ZY321, ZY122
根鲜重中等 Medium RFW (92)	IV (26)	ZY360, ZY112, ZY289, ZY415, ZY081, ZY219, ZY470, ZY422, ZY034, ZY168, ZY380, ZY307, ZY040, ZY338, ZY316, ZY517, ZY230, ZY202, ZY171, ZY199, ZY261, ZY375, ZY421, ZY001, ZY347, ZY158
	V (45)	ZY070, ZY295, ZY136, ZY134, ZY402, ZY222, ZY002, ZY110, ZY408, ZY224, ZY184, ZY434, ZY214, ZY014, ZY045, ZY010, ZY361, ZY235, ZY385, ZY364, ZY111, ZY356, ZY259, ZY156, ZY497, ZY340, ZY428, ZY464, ZY311, ZY138, ZY441, ZY331, ZY447, ZY121, ZY431, ZY394, ZY503, ZY210, ZY301, ZY521, ZY233, ZY026, ZY042, ZY143, ZY243
	VI (21)	ZY108, ZY267, ZY221, ZY080, ZY367, ZY116, ZY306, ZY113, ZY041, ZY147, ZY031, ZY169, ZY274, ZY277, ZY105, ZY439, ZY378, ZY036, ZY245, ZY094, ZY271
根鲜重低 Low RFW (25)	VII (4)	ZY192, ZY487, ZY008, ZY446
	VIII (12)	ZY384, ZY030, ZY330, ZY454, ZY218, ZY323, ZY452, ZY425, ZY188, ZY302, ZY038, ZY097
	IX (9)	ZY088, ZY256, ZY335, ZY397, ZY043, ZY189, ZY208, ZY327, ZY154

成分 Element	初始特征值Initial eigenvalue			提取平方和载入Sum of squares extracted
成分 Element	合计 Total	方差的 Variance (%)	累积 Accumulation (%)	合计 Total	方差的 Variance (%)	累积 Accumulation (%)
根干重RDW	2.229	55.726	55.726	2.229	55.726	55.726
根鲜重RFW	1.031	25.777	81.503	1.031	25.777	81.503
主根长MRL	0.643	16.073	97.576
侧根夹角LRA	0.097	2.424	100.000

性状 Trait	根干重 RDW	根鲜重 RFW	主根长 MRL	侧根夹角 LRA	得分系数 Score
根鲜重RFW	0.898	1.000	0.491	-0.006	0.426
主根长MRL	0.409	0.491	1.000	-0.112	0.310
根干重RDW	1.000	0.898	0.409	0.025	0.414
侧根夹角LRA	0.025	-0.006	-0.112	1.000	-0.220

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