两个RIL群体中小麦籽粒品质相关性状QTL定位及KASP标记开发

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31073

Abstract

Abstract:

We utilized a 55K single-nucleotide polymorphism (55K SNP) array and diversity array technology (DArT) to identify QTLs for grain protein content (GPC), wet gluten content (WGC), and sedimentation value (SV) in two F₆ recombinant inbred lines derived from Avocet/Chilero and Avocet/Huites. Sixty-eight QTLs were identified related to grain protein content, wet gluten content, and settlement value, explaining 3.60%-22.53% of the phenotypic variances. Fourteen QTLs were found to be present in multiple environments, located on chromosomes 3A(2), 4D, 5D(2), 6A(8), and 7B, respectively. Additionally, seven QTLs clusters were detected on chromosomes 3A, 3D, 4B, 5D, 6A(2), and 7B, respectively. Two stable QTL clusters, C3A and C6A.2, identified in the physical intervals of 9.32-60.01 Mb and 38.47-82.95 Mb, respectively, were significantly associated with grain protein content and wet gluten content. These clusters accounted for 6.55%-14.21% and 3.83%-22.53% of the phenotypic variances for grain protein content, wet gluten content, and sedimentation value. Meanwhile, a total of 16 candidate genes associated with grain protein content were predicted within the two stable QTL clusters. Moreover, two KASP marker, CGPC-6A-KASP-1 and CGPC-6A-KASP-2, were developed based on the candidate genes. The findings of this study provide support for the identification of new QTL and KASP markers that can contribute to the genetic improvement of grain quality-related traits in wheat. These results also offer valuable insights for marker-assisted breeding in wheat.

Key words: wheat, grain protein content, QTL mapping, KASP marker

BI Jun-Ge, ZENG Zhan-Kui, LI Qiong, HONG Zhuang-Zhuang, YAN Qun-Xiang, ZHAO Yue, WANG Chun-Ping. QTL mapping and KASP marker development of grain quality-relating traits in two wheat RIL populations[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(7): 1669-1683.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1

Phenotypic variation analysis of quality-related traits in two F6 RIL populations and parents in different environments"

群体 Population	性状 Trait	环境 Env.	亲本Parents			RIL家系					广义遗传力 H²	基因型 Genotype (G)	环境 Environment (E)	基因型× 环境 G × E
群体 Population	性状 Trait	环境 Env.	Avocet	Chilero	Huites	范围 Range	平均值±标准误 Mean ± SD	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	变异系数 CV (%)	广义遗传力 H²	基因型 Genotype (G)	环境 Environment (E)	基因型× 环境 G × E
AC Population	GPC (%)	E1	13.88^**	14.95^**	-	12.19-17.16	14.52±0.90	0.14	‒0.06	6.20	0.82	431.42^**	6,867.82^**	97.12^**
		E2	13.94^**	14.93^**	-	13.78-18.51	15.66±0.88	0.62	0.90	5.62
		E3	14.90^*	15.42^*	-	12.42-18.94	15.27±1.29	0.20	‒0.21	8.45
		E4	13.62^**	16.05^**	-	12.49-16.80	14.87±0.86	‒0.11	‒0.20	5.78
	WGC (%)	E1	29.57^**	33.15^**	-	26.50-36.85	31.99±2.17	‒0.38	‒0.31	6.78	0.85	338.43^**	3,464.10^**	59.57^**
		E2	30.48^**	33.39^**	-	29.57-39.80	34.24±2.01	0.27	0.33	5.87
		E3	31.48^*	34.29^*	-	26.04-40.40	32.78±2.86	0.03	‒0.28	8.72
		E4	30.53^**	35.03^**	-	26.33-36.63	32.48±2.08	‒0.55	‒0.18	6.40
	SV (%)	E1	25.74^**	35.61^**	-	21.76-39.02	30.36±3.53	‒0.18	‒0.19	11.63	0.84	233.56^**	1,648.79^**	42.91^**
		E2	27.90^**	34.13^**	-	24.27-43.47	32.95±3.22	0.12	0.39	9.77
		E3	29.47^**	38.65^**	-	22.29-46.82	33.21±4.86	0.06	‒0.24	14.63
		E4	31.81^**	39.49^**	-	22.74-40.29	32.62±3.67	‒0.49	‒0.11	11.25
AH Population	GPC (%)	E5	14.68^*	-	15.29^*	12.56-16.73	14.83±0.88	0.08	‒0.58	5.93	0.88	952.79^**	1,077.77^**	132.19^**
		E6	15.12^**	-	16.04^**	12.10-18.66	14.99±1.34	0.25	‒0.08	8.94
		E7	14.69^**	-	16.03^**	13.13-17.89	14.83±0.92	0.33	‒0.13	6.20
	WGC (%)	E5	30.26	-	30.27	26.89-36.27	31.98±2.03	‒0.04	‒0.61	6.35	0.90	446.82^**	285.39^**	49.13^**
		E6	31.71^**	-	34.76^**	25.64-39.26	32.06±2.80	0.13	‒0.35	8.73
		E7	31.06^**	-	34.86^**	28.30-38.52	32.31±2.06	0.13	‒0.39	6.38
	SV (%)	E5	39.43^*	-	43.24^*	19.39-43.24	31.68±3.79	0.04	0.80	11.96	0.83	272.28^**	1,075.43^**	54.59^**
		E6	34.52^*	-	36.38^*	22.55-46.57	33.83±4.96	0.22	‒0.28	14.66
		E7	29.78^*	-	37.07^*	24.81-43.81	33.89±3.57	‒0.08	‒0.14	10.53

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table S1

QTLs of quality-related traits in AC population"

性状 Trait	QTL	环境 Environment	遗传位置 Genetic position (cM)	侧翼标记 Flanking marker	LOD值 LOD value	表型贡献率 PVE (%)	加性效应 Additive	物理区间 Physical intervals (Mb)	优势等位基因 Favorable allele
GPC	QGPC.haust-AC-1B	E4	6.00	AX-94871279-AX-111525685	6.20	15.70	‒0.33	670.39-670.78	Chilero
	QGPC.haust-AC-2B	E4	46.00	AX-109885265-AX-108951217	4.76	11.77	‒0.27	782.02-799.25	Chilero
	QGPC.haust-AC-3A	BLUE	271.00	AX-111543258-AX-111142459	3.54	8.77	‒0.22	27.88-57.73	Chilero
	QGPC.haust-AC-3D.1	E1	94.00	AX-108729781-AX-110834100	8.83	13.98	‒0.44	537.29-552.24	Chilero
	QGPC.haust-AC-3D.2	E3	189.00	AX-110808052-AX-95632197	2.69	5.57	‒0.33	533.94-2.63	Chilero
	QGPC.haust-AC-6A.1	E1	12.00	AX-109042664-AX-108939533	6.11	8.95	0.40	61.56-61.89	Avocet
		E4	13.00	AX-109042664-AX-108939533	4.08	9.88	0.30	61.56-61.89	Avocet
	QGPC.haust-AC-6A.2	E3	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	9.74	21.05	0.61	38.47-71.43	Avocet
		BLUE	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	8.92	22.53	0.35	38.47-71.43	Avocet
	QGPC.haust-AC-7B	E3	54.00	AX-110412930-AX-108833738	3.82	7.52	‒0.38	643.48-653.98	Chilero
		BLUE	54.00	AX-110412930-AX-108833738	3.70	8.67	‒0.22	643.48-653.98	Chilero
WGC	QWGC.haust-AC-3A.1	E2	274.00	AX-111543258-AX-111142459	4.22	10.12	‒0.77	27.88-57.73	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-3A.2	E3	237.00	AX-89583101-AX-109397508	5.98	10.64	‒0.96	29.03-25.05	Chilero
		BLUE	237.00	AX-89583101-AX-109397508	5.50	14.21	‒0.62	29.03-25.05	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-3D.1	E1	96.00	AX-108729781-AX-110834100	5.91	16.34	‒0.87	537.29-552.24	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-3D.2	E3	163.00	AX-110056468-AX-109831081	3.60	6.50	‒0.74	349.68-342.70	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-4A	E4	78.00	AX-110907767-AX-109440196	3.45	5.32	0.54	618.93-619.31	Avocet
	QWGC.haust-AC-4B	E3	24.00	AX-109986770-AX-110076607	5.11	9.22	‒0.94	12.49-11.43	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-5D.1	E4	1.00	AX-108775585-AX-111011707	7.74	13.80	‒0.83	556.11-547.81	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-5D.2	E4	76.00	AX-110476332-AX-109394742	7.62	13.32	‒0.81	6.39-12.58	Chilero
	QWGC.haust-AC-6A	E3	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	9.39	17.62	1.22	38.47-71.43	Avocet
		E4	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	4.05	6.24	0.54	38.47-71.43	Avocet
		BLUE	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	7.65	20.45	0.74	38.47-71.43	Avocet
	QWGC.haust-AC-6B	E2	161.00	AX-109306114-AX-110400029	3.30	8.79	0.71	11.98-681.42	Avocet
SV	QSV.haust-AC-1D	E1	47.00	AX-111561523-AX-111535968	3.70	9.10	1.19	418.20-484.43	Avocet
	QSV.haust-AC-2B.1	E4	134.00	AX-110064360-AX-111012832	5.19	7.22	‒1.21	569.13-554.92	Chilero
	QSV.haust-AC-2B.2	BLUE	94.00	AX-108837623-AX-89735721	4.69	11.69	‒0.96	705.68-725.96	Chilero
	QSV.haust-AC-3A.1	E2	278.00	AX-111543258-AX-111142459	3.17	10.27	‒0.98	27.88-57.73	Chilero
	QSV.haust-AC-3A.2	E3	236.00	AX-110520445-AX-89583101	3.10	9.30	‒1.23	37.35-29.03	Chilero
		BLUE	237.00	AX-89583101-AX-109397508	4.74	11.92	‒0.98	29.03-25.05	Chilero
	QSV.haust-AC-4B	E3	24.00	AX-109986770-AX-110076607	3.52	10.64	‒1.39	12.49-11.43	Chilero
	QSV.haust-AC-6A.1	E1	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	5.50	13.30	1.21	38.47-71.43	Avocet
		E2	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	3.46	9.92	0.94	38.47-71.43	Avocet
		E3	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	4.70	14.38	1.52	38.47-71.43	Avocet
		BLUE	42.00	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	5.91	15.09	1.09	38.47-71.43	Avocet
	QSV.haust-AC-6A.2	E4	11.00	AX-111504079-AX-109974361	4.35	5.72	1.22	59.69-60.97	Avocet
	QSV.haust-AC-7A.1	E4	173.00	AX-109473518-AX-109364614	8.14	11.43	‒1.56	692.77-701.31	Chilero
	QSV.haust-AC-7A.2	E4	204.00	AX-109947373-AX-111089494	11.07	16.16	1.78	731.14-708.47	Avocet
	QSV.haust-AC-7B	E1	17.00	AX-109306944-AX-95098493	5.07	12.30	1.17	54.79-708.12	Avocet
	QSV.haust-AC-7D	E2	55.00	AX-109301921-AX-111607406	2.68	7.56	‒0.83	12.57-16.88	Chilero

Table S1

Table S2

QTLs of quality-related traits in AH population"

性状 Trait	QTL	环境 Environment	遗传位置 Genetic position (cM)	侧翼标记 Flanking marker		LOD值 LOD value	表型贡献率 PVE (%)	加性效应 Additive	物理区间 Physical interval (Mb)		优势等位基因 Favorable allele
GPC	QGPC.haust-AH-2A	E6	800.00		DArT3958592-SNP1019498	3.16	5.98	‒0.37	605.66-625.28	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-2B.1	E7	647.00		DArT1128457-DArT3533008	4.24	9.29	‒0.31	784.26-784.04	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-2B.2	BLUE	242.00		DArT3021488-DArT1079407	2.64	5.44	‒0.27	97.34-55.23	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.1	E5	530.00		DArT3064883-DArT1223327	5.61	15.48	‒0.41	476.31-435.80	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.2	E6	581.00		DArT1254451-SNP980942	3.56	6.55	‒0.39	46.17-46.00	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.3	E6	774.00		DArT3958575-DArT3946190	3.60	7.00	0.41	32.97-9.32	Avocet
	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.4	E7	519.00		SNP1213892-SNP100357542	4.39	9.53	‒0.31	521.30-544.19	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.5	BLUE	570.00		DArT100082954-DArT1013788	4.96	8.35	‒0.34	60.01-54.94	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-4D	E7	25.00		DArT1107261-DArT1233229	2.71	5.34	‒0.23	207.70-319.32	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-5A.1	E5	394.00		SNP998276-SNP993328	3.41	9.48	0.32	569.66-570.19	Avocet
	QGPC.haust-AH-5A.2	E6	117.00		DArT1205298-DArT1120172	3.76	7.03	‒0.40	29.63-26.75	Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-6A.1	E6	363.00		SNP4910893-SNP1096119	4.98	10.15	0.54	76.63-77.89	Avocet
		BLUE	364.00		SNP4910893-SNP1096119	6.99	12.26	0.45	76.63-77.89	Avocet
	QGPC.haust-AH-6A.2	E7	313.00	DArT3946508-SNP1151487		4.81	11.45	0.41	586.30-202.91		Avocet
	QGPC.haust-AH-6A.3	E7	431.00	SNP2358794-SNP1094001		2.83	6.23	‒0.25	12.23-12.89		Huites
		BLUE	426.00	DArT1233578-DArT4544113		3.51	5.84	‒0.29	11.01-12.08		Huites
	QGPC.haust-AH-7B	BLUE	61.00	DArT1218440-SNP2253713		6.36	10.63	‒0.38	1.38-1.44		Huites
WGC	QWGC.haust-AH-1A	BLUE	137.00	SNP1218247-DArT1665599		2.61	3.60	‒0.48	500.84-499.81		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-2A	BLUE	394.00	SNP1240003-DArT2277504		4.36	8.01	‒0.74	13.12-581.96		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-2B	E7	645.00	DArT1218607-DArT1128457		5.00	7.47	‒0.65	776.57-234.76		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-3A	E7	519.00	SNP1213892-SNP100357542		6.70	9.47	‒0.74	521.30-544.19		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-3B	BLUE	394.00	DArT1138136-DArT1695648		2.86	4.02	‒0.50	123.60-113.98		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-4D	E5	63.00	DArT100270810-DArT1101297		3.80	12.80	‒0.76	456.68-464.36		Huites
		E7	75.00	DArT988923-DArT1111555		4.33	6.16	‒0.59	469.43-479.62		Huites
		BLUE	72.00	DArT1239874-DArT988923		5.08	7.57	‒0.68	456.05-469.43		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-5A	BLUE	175.00	SNP4910949-DArT3941315		3.40	4.78	‒0.55	415.19-430.25		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-5B	BLUE	242.00	DArT1100263-DArT1112093		6.61	9.71	0.78	658.56-658.45		Avocet
	QWGC.haust-AH-5D	E5	3.00	DArT3944272-DArT1695607		3.12	10.60	‒0.71	5.79-25.49		Huites
		E7	2.00	SNP1234827-DArT3944272		7.80	11.28	‒0.81	4.36-5.79		Huites
		BLUE	2.00	SNP1234827-DArT3944272		8.77	13.60	‒0.94	4.36-5.79		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-6A.1	E7	426.00	DArT1233578-DArT4544113		5.62	8.18	‒0.70	11.01-12.08		Huites
	QWGC.haust-AH-6A.2	E6	369.00	DArT3026247-DArT100000998		3.00	11.06	0.98	82.95-72.49		Avocet
		E7	369.00	DArT3026247-DArT100000998		2.94	3.83	0.48	82.95-72.49		Avocet
	QWGC.haust-AH-7B	E7	61.00	DArT1218440-SNP2253713		6.32	8.79	‒0.70	1.38-1.44		Huites
SV	QSV.haust-AH-1A	E7	123.00	DArT1207393-DArT4993415		2.60	8.90	‒1.03	503.46-514.10		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-1B	BLUE	825.00	SNP1090153-DArT3021227		3.04	8.08	‒1.43	521.00-2.92		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-2B	BLUE	29.00	SNP4988941-SNP1100485		2.59	9.29	‒1.54	289.16-13.91		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-3B	BLUE	150.00	SNP100526939-SNP4990292		3.03	5.61	‒1.18	75.71-61.62		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-4A	E6	664.00	DArT4537961-DArT1254189		3.04	7.98	‒1.59	140.70-90.59		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-5D	E7	0	SNP1234827-DArT3944272		3.54	11.89	‒1.22	4.36-5.79		Huites
		E5	4.00	DArT3944272-DArT1695607		4.22	9.91	‒1.46	5.79-25.49		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-6A.1	E6	427.00	DArT1233578-DArT4544113		2.78	5.99	‒1.41	11.01-12.08		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-6A.2	E6	365.00	SNP1096119-SNP100562777		6.33	14.90	2.93	77.89-138.23		Avocet
		BLUE	364.00	SNP4910893-SNP1096119		3.81	6.90	1.43	76.63-77.89		Avocet
	QSV.haust-AH-6B.1	E6	855.00	DArT3955224-SNP100542305		4.18	9.43	‒1.75	298.01-715.70		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-6B.2	E5	53.00	DArT1159426-DArT4543423		3.59	10.77	‒1.48	221.72-708.71		Huites
	QSV.haust-AH-7B	E5	75.00	SNP2253713-SNP2276097		2.81	15.01	‒1.74	1.44-16.53		Huites

Table S2

Table 2

Analysis of QTL clusters in two F6 RIL populations"

QTL簇 QTL cluster	性状 Trait	群体 Population	QTL	连锁标记 Linkage marker	平均LOD值 Average LOD value	平均表型贡献率 Average PVE (%)	环境 Environment	优势等位基因 Favorable allele	物理区间 Physical intervals (Mb)
C3A	GPC/WGC/SV	AC Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AC-3A	AX-111543258-AX-111142459	3.54	8.77	BLUE	Chilero	9.32-60.01
		AC Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AC-3A.1	AX-111543258-AX-111142459	4.22	10.12	E2	Chilero
		AC Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AC-3A.2	AX-89583101-AX-109397508	5.74	12.43	E3/BLUE	Chilero
		AC Pupulation	QSV.haust-AC-3A.1	AX-111543258-AX-111142459	3.17	10.27	E2	Chilero
		AC Pupulation	QSV.haust-AC-3A.2	AX-109397508-AX-110520445	3.92	10.61	E3/BLUE	Chilero
		AH Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.2	DArT1254451-SNP980942	3.56	6.55	E6	Huites
		AH Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.3	DArT3958575-DArT3946190	3.60	7.00	E6	Avocet
		AH Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AH-3A.5	DArT100082954-DArT1013788	4.96	8.35	BLUE	Huites
C3D	GPG/WGC	AC Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AC-3D.1	AX-108729781-AX-110834100	8.83	13.98	E1	Chilero	537.29-552.24
		AC Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AC-3D.1	AX-108729781-AX-110834100	5.91	16.34	E1	Chilero
C4B	WGC/SV	AC Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AC-4B	AX-109986770-AX-110076607	5.11	9.22	E3	Chilero	11.43-12.49
		AC Pupulation	QSV.haust-AC-4B	AX-109986770-AX-110076607	3.52	10.64	E3	Chilero
C5D	WGC/SV	AC Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AC-5D.2	AX-110476332-AX-109394742	7.62	13.32	E4	Chilero	4.36-25.49
		AH Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AH-5D	SNP1234827-DArT1695607	6.56	11.83	E5/E7/BLUE	Huites
		AH Pupulation	QSV.haust-AH-5D	SNP1234827-DArT1695607	3.88	10.90	E5/E7	Huites
C6A.1	GPC/WGC/SV	AH Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AH-6A.3	DArT1233578-SNP1094001	3.17	6.04	E7/BLUE	Huites	11.01-12.89
		AH Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AH-6A.1	DArT1233578-DArT4544113	5.62	8.18	E7	Huites
		AH Pupulation	QSV.haust-AH-6A.1	DArT1233578-DArT4544113	2.78	5.99	E6	Huites
C6A.2	GPC/WGC/SV	AC Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AC-6A.1	AX-109042664-AX-108939533	5.10	9.42	E1/E4	Avocet	38.47-82.95
		AC Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AC-6A.2	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	9.33	21.79	E3/BLUE	Avocet
		AC Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AC-6A	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	7.03	14.77	E3/E4/BLUE	Avocet
		AC Pupulation	QSV.haust-AC-6A.1	AX-94591230-AX-111122628	4.89	13.17	E1/E2/E3/BLUE	Avocet
		AC Pupulation	QSV.haust-AC-6A.2	AX-111504079-AX-109974361	4.35	5.72	E4	Avocet
		AH Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AH-6A.1	SNP4910893-SNP1096119	5.99	11.21	E6/BLUE	Avocet
		AH Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AH-6A.2	DArT3026247-DArT100000998	2.97	7.45	E6/E7	Avocet
		AH Pupulation	QSV.haust-AH-6A.2	SNP4910893-SNP1096119	3.81	6.90	BLUE	Avocet
C7B	GPC/WGC/SV	AH Pupulation	QGPC.haust-AH-7B	DArT1218440-SNP2253713	6.36	10.63	BLUE	Huites	1.38-16.53
		AH Pupulation	QWGC.haust-AH-7B	DArT1218440-SNP2253713	6.32	8.79	E7	Huites
		AH Pupulation	QSV.haust-AH-7B	SNP2253713-SNP2276097	2.81	15.01	E5	Huites

Table 2

Fig. 3

Table S3

Table 3

Fig. 4

Table 4

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QTL簇 QTL cluster	基因 Gene	物理位置 Physical position (bp)	基因注释 Gene annotation	表达部位 expression location
C3A	TraesCS3A02G027500	14764482-14766910	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	穗部 Spike
	TraesCS3A02G028600	15294546-15298077	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS3A02G028800	15302528-15304140	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS3A02G029300	15477245-15478646	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	穗部 Spike
	TraesCS3A02G029500	15603607-15604989	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	穗部 Spike
	TraesCS3A02G030000	15779481-15780912	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	穗部 Spike
	TraesCS3A02G031400	17257262-17258628	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	穗部 Spike
	TraesCS3A02G032200	17621292-17623525	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	穗部 Spike
	TraesCS3A02G073400	45592602-45603876	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS3A02G077900	50382036-50384496	含NAC结构域的蛋白质 NAC domain-containing protein	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS3A02G079200	51280020-51291788	泛素家族蛋白 Ubiquitin family protein	籽粒 Grain
C6A.2	TraesCS6A02G086800	555455195-55550804	E3泛素蛋白连接酶 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS6A02G087100	55709408-55710595	多泛素 Polyubiquitin	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS6A02G089000	57680849-57684135	核糖体生物发生调节蛋白样蛋白 Ribosome biogenesis regulatory protein-like protein	籽粒 Grain
	TraesCS6A02G108300	77097709-77100361	含NAC结构域的蛋白质，推定 NAC domain-containing protein, putative	叶部 Leaf
	TraesCS6A02G112400	81257411-81259132	多泛素 Polyubiquitin	籽粒 Grain

KASP标记 KASP tag	引物 Primer	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)
CGPC-6A-KASP-1	通用反向引物 Universal reverse primers	CCT TAT GCG CCA ATC TTT TAT ACA
	特异性正向引物 Specific forward primers	GAA GGT GAC CAA GTT CAT GCT TAG GGA GGC GTC CGT GGA A
	特异性正向引物 Specific forward primers	GAA GGT CGG AGT CAA CGG ATT TAG GGA GGC GTC CGT GGA C
CGPC-6A-KASP-2	通用反向引物 Universal reverse primers	GCA TGG TAA TTG CAT ACA CGG G
	特异性正向引物 Specific forward primer	GAA GGT GAC CAA GTT CAT GCT GCA TAA GGG CCA CTC ACA TAA C
	特异性正向引物 Specific forward primer	GAA GGT CGG AGT CAA CGG ATT GCA TAA GGG CCA CTC ACA TAA T

性状 Trait	染色体 Chr.	QTL	连锁标记 Linkage marker	物理位置 Physical position (Mb)	平均表型贡献率 Average PVE (%)	参考文献 Reference
GPC	6A	QGpc.uhw-6A	wsnp_Ex_c15268_23489498	535.52-583.20	—	[15]
	6A	QGpc-6A-2	D-1112857-S-2362461	51.40-64.18	10.15	[16]
	6A	qGPC.XX-6A.1	AX-110368218-AX-110368140	595.06-595.18	4.19	[18]
	6A	QNGPC.cau-6A	—	63.00-83.00	4.07	[44]
	6A	—	BS00046964_51	4.42		[45]
WGC	3A	QWGC.hau-3A.1	AX-111674404-AX-109456846	739.32-740.02	1.98	[17]
	3A	QLWGC.cau-3A.1	wsnp_BE426222A_Ta_2_1	191.53	2.77	[44]
	3A	QLWGC.cau-3A.2	wsnp_Ku_c44089_51445136	401.71	3.92	[44]
	3A	QLWGC.cau-3A.3	BobWhite_c28464_814	484.64	3.06	[44]
	3A	QNWGC.cau-3A	BS00078430_51	374.87	3.40	[44]
	4D	qWGC.XX-4D.1	AX-109282550-AX-110572006	16.43-19.18	12.50	[18]
	5D	QWGC.hau-5D.1	AX-109684926-AX-109455090	98.26-100.94	3.06	[17]
	6A	QWGC.hau-6A.1	AX-109418600-AX-110992859	547.81-549.05	4.42	[17]
	6A	QWGC.hau-6A.2	AX-111504079-AX-109418640	59.69-81.31	6.92	[17]
	6A	QNWGC.cau-6A	—	73.00-83.00	3.98	[44]
	6A	—	BS00046964_51	4.42	—	[45]
SV	3A	Qsdss-3A	AX-110439700-AX-109956297	580.2-649.4	2.47	[46]
	5D	Qsdss-5D	INDEL1489469-INDEL8181683	1.50-8.20	8.11	[46]
	6A	QSv-6A-2.1	wPt-731556-D-3952327	50.35-50.34	13.34	[16]
	6A	QSv-6A-2.2	D-1112857-D-1092061	51.40-63.19	11.08	[16]
	6A	QSV.hau-6A.1	AX-109843320-AX-111089021	8.61-14.39	11.57	[17]
	6A	QSV.hau-6A.2	AX-109934181-AX-110547197	580.32-598.05	12.18	[17]

QTL mapping and KASP marker development of grain quality-relating traits in two wheat RIL populations

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