小麦穗粒数QTL分析及其对千粒重多效性评价

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41045

Abstract

Abstract:

Grain number per spike (GNS) is a key quantitative trait closely associated with wheat yield. To further investigate the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with GNS in wheat, 151 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Yangmai 4 (YM4) and Yanzhan 1 (YZ1) were used to construct a wheat hexaploid genetic linkage map. GNS was evaluated across four environments over three years. Three QTLs for GNS were identified on chromosomes 4A, 5A, and 5B. Among these, QGns.yaas-4A and QGns.yaas-5B were detected in two environments, with the favorable effect contributed by YM4. The phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by QGns.yaas-4A and QGns.yaas-5B ranged from 11.50% to 13.27% and from 5.59% to 10.99%, respectively, with physical intervals of 703.41–710.25 Mb and 77.62–365.60 Mb. QGns.yaas-5A was detected in all four environments, with the favorable effect contributed by YZ1. The PVE for QGns.yaas-5A ranged from 8.99% to 11.13%, with a physical interval of 495.34–512.39 Mb. The YZ1 allele at QGns.yaas-5A and the YM4 allele at QGns.yaas-5B significantly increased thousand-grain weight by 3.39% (P < 0.05) and 4.45% (P < 0.01), respectively. Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers for QGns.yaas-4A, QGns.yaas-5A, and QGns.yaas-5B were developed and validated in a natural population. Pyramiding the three favorable alleles showed a significant additive effect, increasing GNS by 13.75%. These findings provide theoretical and technical support for molecular marker-assisted breeding to improve GNS in wheat.

Key words: Triticum aestivum L., grain number per spike, thousand grain weight, QTL mapping, KASP

YONG Rui, HU Wen-Jing, WU Di, WANG Zun-Jie, LI Dong-Sheng, ZHAO Die, YOU Jun-Chao, XIAO Yong-Gui, WANG Chun-Ping. Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci for grain number per spike showing pleiotropic effect on thousand grain weight in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(2): 312-323.

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Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci for grain number per spike showing pleiotropic effect on thousand grain weight in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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