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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 744-754.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.44116

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on the stress-resistance physiological characteristics and yield formation of sweet potato

YANG Xin-Yue(), XIAO Ren-Hao(), ZHANG Lin-Xi, TANG Ming-Jun, SUN Guang-Yan, DU Kang, LYU Chang-Wen, TANG Dao-Bin, WANG Ji-Chun()   

  1. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400702, China
  • Received:2024-07-17 Accepted:2024-12-12 Online:2024-12-16 Published:2024-12-12
  • Contact: WANG Ji-Chun E-mail:hi_yangxinyue@163.com;213314725@qq.com;wjchun@swu.edu.cn
  • About author:First author contact:

    **Contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    Seed Industry ‘Potato Science and Enterprise Consortium Special Program’ of Chongqing Agriculture and Rural Committee(2021-2025);Special Program for Potato Innovation Team of Chongqing Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System(CQMAITS2023-4);Yibin Twin Cities School Agreement Special(YBSCXY2023020013)

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Abstract:

Waterlogging stress is a major factor contributing to yield losses in sweet potato; however, limited research has been conducted on the impacts of waterlogging at different developmental stages on sweet potato growth and yield. To address this gap, a controlled waterlogging experiment was carried out in 2022 and 2023 using the cultivar Yuhongxin 98 as the test material. Treatments included a normal watering control (CK), waterlogging stress during the storage root initiation stage (T1), waterlogging stress during the storage root bulking stage (T2), and waterlogging stress during both the storage root initiation and bulking stages (T3). The effects of waterlogging stress at different growth stages on physiological characteristics and yield were analyzed. The results showed that waterlogging stress reduced the root-to-shoot ratio and leaf relative water content, while significantly increasing the levels of proline and soluble sugars. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were significantly enhanced under waterlogging stress, indicating that waterlogging altered assimilate distribution between aboveground and belowground parts. This promoted aboveground growth but inhibited storage root development, ultimately leading to significant yield reductions of 22.67%, 40.05%, and 66.93% in 2022, and 31.20%, 40.80%, and 64.60% in 2023 under T1, T2, and T3 treatments, respectively, compared to the control. The greatest yield loss occurred when waterlogging coincided with both the storage root initiation and bulking stages (T3). Notably, waterlogging during the storage root bulking stage (T2) caused greater sensitivity to stress and a reduced ability to recover growth after rewatering compared to waterlogging during the storage root initiation stage (T1). These findings highlight the critical importance of water management during the storage root bulking stage to mitigate the adverse effects of waterlogging on sweet potato yield.

Key words: sweet potato, waterlogging stress, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant enzymes, yield

Table 1

Basic physicochemical properties of the tested soil"

年份
Year		 全氮含量
Total N
(g kg-1)		 全磷含量
Total P
(g kg-1)		 全钾含量
Total K
(g kg-1)		 碱解氮
Available N
(mg kg-1)		 速效磷
Available P
(mg kg-1)		 速效钾
Available N
(mg kg-1)		 有机质
Organic matter
(g kg-1)		 pH
2022 1.03 1.24 23.56 101.54 15.68 96.50 13.47 7.27
2023 0.84 1.05 20.68 92.41 9.18 88.45 11.53 7.12

Fig. 1

Distribution of average precipitation during sweet potato growth period in the main producing areas of southwest China from 2017 to 2022"

Fig. 2

Effect of waterlogging treatment at different stages on relative water content of sweet potato leaves CK: normal watering throughout the entire growth period; T1: waterlogging stress during the storage root initial stage; T2: waterlogging stress during the storage root bulking stage; T3: waterlogging stress during the storage root initial stage and the storage root bulking stage. Error bars show the standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters within the same period indicate the significant differences between treatments at the P < 0.05 level."

Fig. 3

Effect of waterlogging treatment at different stages on content of proline (a) and soluble sugar (b) of functional leaves in sweet potato Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. Error bars show the standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters within the same period indicate the significant differences between treatments at the P < 0.05 level."

Fig. 4

Effects of waterlogging treatment at different stages on activity of CAT (a), POD (b) and SOD (c) of functional sweet potato leaves Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2. Error bars show the standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters within the same period indicate the significant differences between treatments at the P < 0.05 level. CAT: catalase; POD: peroxidase; SOD: superoxide dismutase."

Table 2

Effects of waterlogging treatment at different stages on fresh weight of aboveground and underground parts in sweet potato in 2022 and 2023"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 地上部鲜重
Fresh weight of aboveground part (g plant-1)		 地下部鲜重
Fresh weight of underground part (g plant-1)
50 d 90 d 110 d 50 d 90 d 110 d
2022 CK 302.33±22.23 b 373.33±11.67 b 577.22±15.75 d 71.54±4.20 a 287.67±1.31 a 511.25±7.34 a
T1 371.11±14.37 a 456.00±39.40 a 763.33±6.01 b 39.41±1.71 b 119.77±3.04 b 371.84±19.47 b
T2 298.33±12.58 b 366.11±17.82 b 717.78±20.37 c 70.26±3.17 a 280.95±6.18 a 311.34±5.98 c
T3 387.22±17.66 a 466.67±32.44 a 922.22±21.17 a 40.99±2.23 b 123.75±7.76 b 198.87±13.23 d
2023 CK 215.08±9.79 b 345.00±6.01 b 409.44±3.47 d 80.25±4.16 a 445.36±19.22 a 618.05±10.01 a
T1 255.63±5.41 a 445.56±16.69 a 512.78±3.47 b 46.06±2.21 b 220.36±6.55 b 506.36±8.89 b
T2 215.86±10.66 b 349.45±10.72 b 492.78±0.96 c 79.61±2.80 a 423.35±16.58 a 435.76±16.59 c
T3 240.87±13.70 a 442.78±30.30 a 611.67±13.02 a 45.85±1.63 b 240.37±4.37 b 271.69±8.80 d
F值
F-value		 年份
Year (Y)		 308.57** 5.31* 2034.57** 38.40** 948.32** 490.75**
处理Treatment (T) 27.54** 33.84** 453.65** 245.13** 662.32** 767.97**
年份×处理Y×T 5.76** 0.71 31.37** 0.73 9.62** 7.49**

Table 3

Effects of waterlogging treatment at different stages on root-shoot ratio of sweet potato in 2022 and 2023"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
50 d 90 d 110 d
2022 CK 0.24±0.03 a 0.77±0.02 a 0.89±0.03 a
T1 0.11±0.01 b 0.26±0.02 b 0.49±0.02 b
T2 0.24±0.02 a 0.77±0.03 a 0.43±0.02 c
T3 0.11±0.01 b 0.27±0.01 b 0.22±0.02 d
2023 CK 0.37±0.03 a 1.29±0.06 a 1.51±0.03 a
T1 0.18±0.01 b 0.49±0.03 b 0.99±0.02 b
T2 0.37±0.02 a 1.21±0.08 a 0.89±0.04 c
T3 0.19±0.01 b 0.54±0.03 b 0.44±0.03 d
F值
F-value		 年份 Year (Y) 216.99** 510.08** 2150.72**
处理 Treatment (T) 156.18** 486.06** 1354.94**
年份×处理 Y×T 4.46* 17.21** 72.40**

Table 4

Effects of waterlogging treatment at different stages on sweet potato yield in 2022 and 2023"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 鲜薯产量
Fresh weight (kg hm-2)		 单株薯数
Tuber number per plant (No.)		 单薯重
Single tuber weight (g)
2022 CK 53,281.33±577.33 a 4.10±0.24 a 217.27±11.51 a
T1 39,270.67±693.78 b 3.37±0.12 b 194.57±4.72 b
T2 30,941.33±636.36 c 4.03±0.21 a 128.08±4.67 c
T3 16,322.67±337.53 d 2.57±0.12 c 106.17±3.92 d
2023 CK 50,000.00±616.44 a 5.10±0.29 a 164.02±10.75 a
T1 34,900.00±565.69 b 4.20±0.14 b 138.61±4.10 b
T2 32,550.73±924.66 c 4.73±0.25 a 114.87±5.70 c
T3 16,200.14±244.95 d 2.80±0.14 c 96.62±3.82 d
F值
F-value		 年份 Year (Y) 25.99** 47.51** 93.84**
处理 Treatment (T) 2334.41** 73.22** 143.82**
年份×处理 Y×T 20.93** 2.69 13.50**

Fig. 5

Correlation analysis of indicators * and ** indicate significant correlation at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. CAT: catalase; POD: peroxidase; SOD: superoxide dismutase."

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