拔节期补灌对两种土壤质地上冬小麦旗叶衰老特性和籽粒产量的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01834

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to understand supplemental irrigation on flag leaf senescence, photosynthetic rate, grain yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat in different soil-texture fields. The experiment was carried out in powder- and sandy-loam plots in the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 growing seasons. Four irrigation treatments and the zero-irrigation control (D0) were designed to determine the optimal wetting soil depth at jointing stage. Variant amounts of water were supplied at jointing stage for 100% relative water content in 0–10 (D1), 0–20 (D2), 0–30 (D3), and 0–40 cm (D4) soil layers. All irrigation treatments were watered again at anthesis stage for 100% relative water content in the 0–20 cm soil layer. In both powder-loam and sandy-loam plots,the irrigation amount at jointing stage increased obviously with the planed depth of wetting layer, whereas the irrigation amount at anthesis stage varied slightly among treatments. After flowering, the soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, and photosynthetic rate of flag leaves showed an increasing trend in response to the increased irrigation amount at jointing stage, in contrast, the malondialdehyde content in flag leaves had a declined trend. In the powder-loam plot, there was no significant difference between D3 and D4. In the sand-loam plot, there was no significant difference among D2, D3 and D4 treatment. In both soil-texture plots, the deeper soil moisturized at jointing resulted in increased water consumption and grain yield of wheat, and no significant difference was found between D3 and D4. However, WUE in D4 treatment was significantly lower than that in D2 or D3 treatment. Our results suggest that the quantity of supplementary irrigation at jointing stage is determined by soil water condition, and 0–30 cm soil layer with 100% field capacity at jointing stage is the optimal standard under the experimental condition. Besides, keeping 0–20 cm soil layer with 100% field capacity at anthesis by a small amount irrigation is also important. This irrigation regime has the advantages of late senescence, enhanced photosynthesis, and finally increased yield and WUE in both powder-loam and sand-loam fields.

Key words: Winter wheat, Soil texture, Supplemental irrigation, Flag leaf, Grain yield, Water use efficiency

SONG Zhao-Yun,ZHAO Yang,WANG Dong*,GU Shu-Bo. Effects of Supplemental Irrigation at Jointing on Flag Leaf Senescence Characteristics and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat Grown in Two Soil Textures[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2016, 42(12): 1834-1843.

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Effects of Supplemental Irrigation at Jointing on Flag Leaf Senescence Characteristics and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat Grown in Two Soil Textures

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