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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 276-288.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84050

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Leaf photosynthesis and matter production dynamic characteristics of peanut varieties with high yield and high oil content

Si-Long CHEN,Zeng-Shu CHENG,Ya-Hui SONG,Jin WANG,Yi-Jie LIU,Peng-Juan ZHANG,Yu-Rong LI()   

  1. Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
  • Received:2018-04-03 Accepted:2018-10-08 Online:2019-02-12 Published:2019-01-01
  • Contact: Yu-Rong LI E-mail:hbhuasheng@163.com
  • Supported by:
    his study was supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771843);his study was supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31201239);the Hebei Province Talent Training Project(2017-192);the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13);the Hebei Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Research Project(494-0402-YBN-XGHI);and the Hebei Province Science and Technology R&D Plan(16226301D)

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Abstract:

The pod yield and seed oil content are important factors affecting oil yield in peanut varieties. Obviously, it is essential for high oil yield to explore the dry matter accumulate, yield, seed oil content and leaf photosynthesis characteristics. In order to clarify the formation mechanisms for high yield and high oil content in peanut varieties and to provide a theoretical base for peanut high quality and high yield cultivation techniques, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate three widely cultivated peanut varieties (Jihua 2 and Luhua 12, the high-yield and normal-oil; Jihua 4, the high-yield and high-oil). The dry matter accumulation, pod yield, seed oil content accumulation, and leaf photosynthetic characteristics were determined, showing that the pod yield and seed oil content of Jihua 4 were the highest among the three varieties used. The average rate of dry matter accumulation and the maximum rate of dry matter accumulation showed a trend of Jihua 4 > Jihua 2 > Luhua 12. The maximum weight of dry matter of Jihua 4 was moderate. The maximum seed oil accumulation rate and average seed oil accumulation rate showed a trend of Jihua 4 > Luhua 12 > Jihua 2, the active seed oil accumulation stage of Jihua 2 was the longest, while that of Jihua 4 was the shortest among the three varieties. The leaf photosynthesis potential of Jihua 4 in the entire growth period was above 20% higher than that of Jihua 2 and Luhua 12, respectively. The photosynthesis potential in pod-setting stage was very important to peanut yield, accounting for 80% over whole growing season. The leaf photosynthetic rate of Jihua 4 at pod-setting stage was more than 24% higher than that of Jihua 2 and Luhua 12. There was a significant difference in photosynthesis parameters among the three varieties. The light saturation point and CO2 saturation point of Jihua 4 were the highest. The pod yield was positively significantly correlated with average plant dry matter accumulation rate, leaf photosynthetic rate and total leaf area duration, respectively. The seed oil content was positively significantly correlated with average plant dry matter accumulation rate, average seed oil accumulation rate, light saturation point, CO2 saturation point. Furthermore, there existed a weak but significant correlation between pod yield and seed oil content. In conclusion, Jihua 4 has higher economic coefficient, photosynthesis potential after pod-setting stage, leaf photosynthetic rate, light saturation point and CO2 saturation point, average accumulation rate of dry matter and seed oil, which is the main reason for higher productivity potential in yield and oil in Jihua 4.

Key words: peanut, dry matter accumulation, yield, oil accumulation, photosynthetic characteristics

Fig. 1

Dry matter accumulation dynamics and accumulation rate in different peanut varieties Data are means ± standard error (SE, n = 3). Vertical bars indicate the ±SE. The dotted lines represent the simulation results using Logistic regression in 2014, and the solid lines represent the simulation results in 2015."

Table 1

Equation and parameters of dry matter accumulation dynamics of different peanut varieties"

品种
Variety		 模拟方程
Simulation equation		 最大积累速率
MAR (g d-1)		 MAR出现时间
Day of MAR (d)		 平均积累速率
ARMAR (g d-1)		 活跃积累期
AAS (d)
2014
冀花2号Jihua 2 Y=61.33/(1+40.72e-0.06t) 0.96 59.5 0.64 42.31
冀花4号Jihua 4 Y=57.77/(1+38.75e-0.07t) 0.97 54.6 0.65 39.35
鲁花12号Luhua 12 Y=46.24/(1+36.36e-0.06t) 0.74 56.0 0.50 41.04
2015
冀花2号Jihua 2 Y=62.88/(1+97.39e-0.07t) 1.18 61.2 0.78 35.21
冀花4号Jihua 4 Y=56.20/(1+644.30e-0.11t) 1.58 57.6 1.05 23.45
鲁花12号Luhua 12 Y=48.67/(1+92.02e-0.08t) 0.97 56.9 0.64 33.14

Fig. 2

Dynamics of pod dry weight per plant and harvest index in different varieties Data are means ± standard error (SE, n = 3). Vertical bars indicate the ±SE. The dotted lines represent the results in 2014, and the solid lines represent the results in 2015."

Table 2

Peanut pod yield and yield components of the tested peanut varieties"

品种
Variety		 单株果数
Pods per plant		 饱果率
Rate of full-pod
(%)		 出仁率
Shelling
percentage (%)		 千克果数
Pods per kg		 千克仁数
Seeds per kg		 荚果产量
Pod yield (kg hm-2)
2014
冀花2号Jihua 2 8±0.46 c 59.7±3.55 c 73.08±0.16 b 684±19.73 a 1444±10.07 c 4040.75±84.79 b
冀花4号Jihua 4 11±0.67 a 73.2±4.36 a 77.85±0.23 a 737±19.74 a 1569±15.72 b 4350.35±83.03 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 9±0.54 b 67.8±4.03 b 76.51±0.77 a 749±26.59 a 1699±34.67 a 3002.00±35.27 c
2015
冀花2号Jihua 2 12±1.49 b 74.2±0.59 c 72.10±0.10 b 659±4.00 b 1504±41.67 b 5050.10±366.01 a
冀花4号Jihua 4 14±0.80 a 82.1±3.06 a 73.50±1.44 a 779±1.73 a 1335±24.43 c 5162.36±141.52 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 11±0.81 b 79.4±1.50 b 72.87±0.37 b 778±13.33 a 1891±83.00 a 4108.11±321.81 b
变异来源 Source of variation?
品种Variety (V) 0.034 * 0.001 ** 0.002 ** 0.000 ** 0.000 ** 0.000 **
年份Year (Y) 0.031 * 0.000 ** 0.000 ** 0.287 NS 0.000 ** 0.000 **
互作V×Y 0.826 NS 0.085 NS 0.073 NS 0.148 NS 0.000 ** 0.785 NS

Fig. 3

Seed oil content accumulation dynamics and oil accumulation rate in different peanut varieties Data are means ± standard error (SE, n = 3). Vertical bars indicate the ±SE. The dotted lines represent the results in 2014, and the solid lines represent the results in 2015."

Table 3

Parameters of Richards model for seed oil content accumulation in different peanut varieties"

参数
Parameter		 冀花2号Jihua 2 冀花4号Jihua 4 鲁花12号Luhua 12
2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015
R2 0.9835 0.9971 0.9876 0.9984 0.9870 0.9989
A 52.79 51.91 55.39 54.93 50.95 51.65
B 0.79 4.05E+8 1.01 3.11E+8 0.22 7.74E+8
K 0.0535 0.2602 0.0586 0.2668 0.0598 0.2541
N 0.0551 7.2635 0.0513 5.6420 0.0168 6.6660
Gmax 1.012 1.222 1.164 1.577 1.112 1.261
$\bar{G}$ 0.688 0.729 0.791 0.959 0.756 0.757
Tmax.G 50.8 68.5 49.7 66.8 43.1 64.0
T 76.7 71.2 67.4 57.3 70.0 68.2
Wmax 19.94 38.82 20.89 39.27 18.90 38.05

Fig. 4

Dynamics of leaf area index (LAI) and photosynthetic potential (leaf area duration, LAD) of different peanut varieties at different periods The data are means ± standard error (SE, n = 3). Error bars indicate ±SE. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level. The dotted lines represent the results in 2014, and the solid lines represent the results in 2015."

Fig. 5

Chlorophyll content in different peanut varieties The data are means ± standard error (SE; n = 3). Error bars indicate ±SE. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level."

Table 4

Photosynthetic characteristics of different peanut varieties at pod-setting stage"

品种
Variety		 光合速率
Pn
(μmol CO2 m-2 s-1)		 气孔导度
Gs
(mol H2O m-2 s-1)		 胞间CO2浓度
Ci
(μmol CO2 m-2 s-1)		 蒸腾速率
Tr
(mmol H2O m-2 s-1)		 叶片水分利用效率
LWUE
(μmol CO2 / mmol H2O)
2014
冀花2号Jihua 2 16.47±0.49 b 0.42±0.02 b 256.35±6.88 a 7.12±0.24 a 2.32±0.05 a
冀花4号Jihua 4 21.01±0.96 a 0.57±0.03 a 252.64±9.52 a 8.48±0.78 a 2.55±0.22 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 13.69±1.12 b 0.39±0.05 b 260.56±5.36 a 7.91±0.48 a 1.72±0.05 b
2015
冀花2号Jihua 2 15.55±0.89 b 0.38±1.23 c 243.03±20.69 b 6.76±1.55 b 2.36±0.03 a
冀花4号Jihua 4 19.30±1.25 a 0.54±1.07 a 245.04±11.10 b 8.14±0.85 a 2.42±0.05 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 15.52±2.02 b 0.47±0.65 b 253.63±18.52 a 8.08±0.64 a 1.90±0.01 b

Fig. 6

Response of photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency (WUE) in peanut leaves to different light intensities in different peanut varieties The dotted lines represent the results in 2014, and the solid lines represent the results in 2015. Error bars indicate ±SE."

Table 5

Parameters of light response in different peanut varieties"

品种
Variety		 暗呼吸速率
DkRR
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 初始量子效率
IQE		 最大光合速率
MPRl
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 光补偿点
LCP
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 光饱和点
LSP
(μmol m-2 s-1)
2014
冀花2号Jihua 2 2.04±0.01 a 0.0297±0.001 a 17.57±0.98 b 72.45±1.95 a 2222.40±19.52 b
冀花4号Jihua 4 0.60±0.01 b 0.0519±0.001 a 25.19±1.10 a 11.86±1.03 c 2922.54±21.11 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 1.10±0.01 b 0.0207±0.001 a 11.81±0.75 b 55.65±2.36 b 2358.51±13.64 b
2015
冀花2号Jihua 2 2.48±0.01 b 0.0642±0.001 b 16.08±0.19 b 42.43±1.65 b 1559.33±19.71 c
冀花4号Jihua 4 2.36±0.02 b 0.0755±0.001 a 19.28±0.21 a 34.07±0.91 c 2275.17±10.12 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 3.09±0.01 a 0.0654±0.001 b 14.92±0.26 b 58.11±1.18 a 1789.32±16.43 b

Fig. 7

Response of photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency (WUE) in peanut leaves to CO2 concentration changes in different peanut varieties The dotted lines represent the results in 2014, and the solid lines represent the results in 2015. Error bars indicate ±SE."

Table 6

Photosynthetic parameters of CO2 response in different peanut varieties"

品种
Variety		 初始羧化效率
ICE
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 CO2饱和点
CSP
(μmol mol-1)		 最大净光合速率
MPRc
(μmol m-2 s-1)		 CO2补偿点
CCP
(μmol mol-1)		 光呼吸速率
DyRR
(μmol m-2 s-1)
2014
冀花2号Jihua 2 0.19±0.02 a 728.40±10.21 a 28.86±2.34 b 58.86±3.01 a 9.63±0.18 a
冀花4号Jihua 4 0.16±0.01 a 781.95±5.30 a 35.89±1.65 a 56.56±2.32 b 8.26±0.05 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 0.12±0.01 a 674.33±13.84 b 24.56±0.97 b 56.87±1.54 b 6.29±0.12 b
2015
冀花2号Jihua 2 0.29±0.01 a 632.65±9.05 b 27.39±1.85 b 44.26±2.58 b 10.47±0.84 a
冀花4号Jihua 4 0.25±0.01 b 647.91±10.21 a 34.10±1.08 a 47.21±1.66 b 10.42±0.95 a
鲁花12号Luhua 12 0.23±0.01 b 621.57±11.02 c 24.40±0.94 b 55.15±1.23 a 10.42±0.87 a

Table 7

Correlation coefficients of dry matter accumulation, yield and seed oi accumulation with leaf photosynthetic characteristic parameters"

性状指标
Index		 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 x10
x2 0.239
x3 0.222 0.635**
x4 0.552** 0.879** 0.753**
x5 0.774** 0.506 0.706** 0.740**
x6 -0.474 0.365 -0.169 0.101 -0.380
x7 -0.127 0.329 0.746** 0.476* 0.313 0.031
x8 0.503* 0.396 0.635** 0.754** 0.588** -0.090 0.652**
x9 0.850** 0.420 0.562** 0.750** 0.872** -0.450 0.198 0.775**
x10 -0.190 0.511* 0.529** 0.555** 0.042 0.542 0.233 0.621** 0.068
x11 0.867** 0.256 0.029 0.540** 0.414 -0.156 -0.201 0.574** 0.790** -0.057
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