作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1286-1292.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.94007
• 研究简报 • 上一篇
要凯,赵章平,康益晨,张卫娜,石铭福,杨昕宇,范艳玲,秦舒浩()
YAO Kai,ZHAO Zhang-Ping,KANG Yi-Chen,ZHANG Wei-Na,SHI Ming-Fu,YANG Xin-Yu,FAN Yan-Ling,QIN Shu-Hao()
摘要:
以当地主栽品种“新大坪”为试验材料, 采用大田定位试验, 研究了平畦不覆膜(CK)、平畦覆膜(T1)、全膜垄播(T2)、全膜沟播(T3)、半膜垄播(T4)、半膜沟播(T5) 6种栽培模式对连作马铃薯土壤酶活性、理化性状及产量的影响。结果表明, 沟垄覆膜栽培可不同程度提高马铃薯连作田土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶的活性, 其中T2对3种酶活性的提高效果最为显著; 沟垄覆膜可降低土壤pH, 从而改善马铃薯根际土壤的理化性状, 且以T2对土壤化学性质的改善最为明显, 沟垄覆膜可不同程度提高土壤电导率; 此外, 沟垄覆膜栽培还可以显著提高马铃薯块茎的产量, 其中T2增产幅度最高可达75%。本研究以期为半干旱地区马铃薯连作障碍的克服及提高马铃薯产量提供理论依据。
[1] | 曾凡逵, 许丹, 刘刚 . 马铃薯营养综述. 中国马铃薯, 2015,29:233-243. |
Zeng F K, Xu D, Liu G . Potato nutrition: a critical review. Chin Potato J, 2015,29:233-243 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[2] |
Tian Y, Su D, Li F, Li X . Effect of rainwater harvesting with ridge and furrow on yield of potato in semiarid areas. Field Crops Res, 2003,84:385-391.
doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(03)00118-7 |
[3] |
Qin S H, Zhang J L, Dai H L, Wang D, Li D M . Effect of ridge―furrow and plastic-mulching planting patterns on yield formation and water movement of potato in a semi-arid area. Agric Water Manage, 2014,131:87-94.
doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.09.015 |
[4] |
Qin S H, Li L L, Wang D, Zhang J L, Pu Y L . Effects of limited supplemental irrigation with catchment rainfall on rain-fed potato in semi-arid areas on the western loess plateau, China. Am J Potato Res, 2013,90:33-42.
doi: 10.1007/s12230-012-9267-y |
[5] | 王东, 卢健, 秦舒浩, 张俊莲, 王蒂, 王伟斌 . 沟垄和覆膜连作种植对马铃薯生长、产量及品质的影响. 中国农学通报, 2015,31(7):28-32. |
Wang D, Lu J, Qin S H, Zhang J L, Wang D, Wang W B . Effects of film mulch and ridge-furrow planting on growth, yield and quality of potato in continuous cultivation. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2015,31(7):28-32 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[6] |
Lithourgidis A S, Damalas C A, Gagianas A A . Long-term yield patterns for continuous winter wheat cropping in northern Greece. Eur J Agron, 2006,25:208-214.
doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2006.05.003 |
[7] | 焦润安, 徐雪风, 杨宏伟, 冯焕琴, 张舒涵, 张俊莲, 李朝周, 李健 . 连作对马铃薯生长和土壤健康的影响及机制研究. 干旱地区农业研究, 2018,36(4):94-100. |
Jiao R A, Xu X F, Yang H W, Feng H Q, Zhang S H, Zhang J L, Li C Z, Li J . Study on the effect and its mechanism of continuous cropping on potato growth and soil health. Agric Res Arid Areas, 2018,36(4):94-100 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[8] | 刘星, 张书乐, 刘国锋, 邱慧珍, 王蒂, 张俊莲, 沈其荣 . 连作对甘肃中部沿黄灌区马铃薯干物质积累和分配的影响. 作物学报, 2014,40:1274-1285. |
Liu X, Zhang S L, Liu G F, Qiu H Z, Wang D, Zhang J L, Shen Q R . Effects of continuous cropping on dry matter accumulation and distribution of potato plants in the Yellow River irrigation areas of middle Gansu province. Acta Agron Sin, 2014,40:1274-1285 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[9] | 周德平, 褚长彬, 刘芳芳, 范洁群, 姜震方, 吴淑杭 . 种植年限对设施芦笋土壤理化性状、微生物及酶活性的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012,18:459-466. |
Zhou D P, Chu C B, Liu F F, Fan J Q, Jiang Z F, Wu S H . Effect of asparagu’s cultivation years on physio-chemical properties, microbial community and enzyme activities in greenhouse soil. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2012,18:459-466 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[10] |
Li F M, Guo A H, Wei H . Effects of clear plastic film mulch on yield of spring wheat. Field Crops Res, 1999,63:79-86.
doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(99)00027-1 |
[11] |
Liu C A, Jin S L, Zhou L M, Jia Y, Li F M, Xiong Y C, Li X G . Effects of plastic film mulch and tillage on maize productivity and soil parameters. Eur J Agron, 2009,31:241-249.
doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2009.08.004 |
[12] | Meng X, Li F, Zhang H G, Shi J . Culture technique of soybean with plastic mulching between rows for high yield. Appl Soil Ecol, 2005,93:105-110. |
[13] | 孙娇, 郭鑫年, 梁锦秀, 陈刚, 张国辉, 周涛 . 不同覆膜时期对宁南山区土壤水热环境及马铃薯产量的影响. 草业学报, 2017,26(12):24-34. |
Sun J, Guo X N, Liang J X, Chen G, Zhang G H, Zhou T . Effects of mulching time on soil temperature and moisture and potato yield in the hilly area of southern Ningxia. Acta Pratac Sin, 2017,26(12):24-34 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[14] | 罗磊, 李亚杰, 姚彦红, 王娟, 张晓静, 李德明 . 旱地不同覆盖垄作种植对马铃薯生长、产量、品质和经济效益的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2018,36(1):194-199. |
Luo L, Li Y J, Yao Y H, Wang J, Zhang X J, Li D M . Effect of cover and ridge cultivation on potato growth, yield, quality and its economic benefit in dry land. Agric Res Arid Areas, 2018,36(1):194-199 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[15] | 刘云 . 轮作蚕豆对沟垄覆膜马铃薯连作土壤微生物群落及多样性的影响. 甘肃农业大学硕士学位论文, 甘肃兰州, 2018. |
Liu Y . Effects of Rotation of Faba Bean on Soil Microbial Community and Diversity in Potato Ridge-mulching Continuous Cropping Soil. MS Thesis of Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 2018 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[16] | 孙权 . 农业资源与环境质量分析方法. 银川: 宁夏人民出版社, 2004. p 12. |
Sun Q. Agricultural Resources and Environmental Quality Analysis Methods. Yinchuan: Ningxia People’s Publishing House, 2014. p 12 (in Chinese). | |
[17] | 关松荫 . 土壤酶及其研究法. 北京: 农业出版社, 1986. pp 290-323 |
Guan S Y. Soil Enzyme and Its Research Method. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1987. pp 290-323(in Chinese). | |
[18] | 李忠, 江立庚, 唐荣华, 郭文峰 . 连作对花生土壤酶活性、养分含量和植株产量的影响. 土壤, 2018,50:491-497. |
Li Z, Jiang L G, Tang R H, Guo W F . Effects of long-term continuous peanut cropping on dry matter weight of different peanut varieties, soil nutrient contents and enzyme activities. Soils, 2018,50:491-497 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[19] | 刘金光, 李孝刚, 王兴祥 . 连续施用有机肥对连作花生根际微生物种群和酶活性的影响. 土壤, 2018,50:305-311. |
Liu J G, Li X G, Wang X X . Effects of successive application of organic fertilizers on rhizosphere microbial populations and enzyme activities of monoculture peanut. Soils, 2018,50:305-311 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[20] | 李锐, 刘瑜, 褚贵新, 高慧 . 棉花连作对北疆土壤酶活性、致病菌及拮抗菌多样性的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2015,23:432-440. |
Li R, Liu Y, Chu X G, Gao H . Response of soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure, diversity to continuous cotton cropping in northern Xinjiang. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2015,23:432-440 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[21] |
尤垂淮, 曾文龙, 陈冬梅, 黄锦文, 唐莉娜 . 不同养地方式对连作烤烟根际土壤微生物功能多样性的影响. 中国烟草学报, 2015,21(2):68-74.
doi: 10.16472/j.chinatobacco.2014.341 |
You C H, Zeng W L, Chen D M, Huang J W, Tang L N . Effect of different soil management methods on functional diversity of microbial flora in rhizospheric soil for continuous tobacco cropping. Acta Tab Sin, 2015,21(2):68-74 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.16472/j.chinatobacco.2014.341 |
|
[22] | 田给林, 严婷婷, 毕艳孟, 孙振钧, 张潞生 . 草莓连作土壤灭菌与施用有机肥对根际土壤酚酸及土壤酶活性的影响. 园艺学报, 2015,42:2039-2048. |
Tian G L, Yan T T, Bi Y M, Sun Z J, Zhang L S . Effects of continuous cropping soil sterilization and applying of different fertilizer on phenolic acids in rhizosphere soil of the strawberry plants and soil enzyme activities. Acta Hortic Sin, 2015,42:2039-2048 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[23] | 王东 . 沟垄覆膜连作种植对马铃薯田土壤微生物区系及酶活性的影响. 甘肃农业大学硕士学位论文, 甘肃兰州, 2015. |
Wang D . Effect of Film Mulch and Ridge-furrow Planting on Soil Microflora and Enzyme Activity in Potato Field under Continuous Cultivation. MS Thesis of Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 2015 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[24] | 许丽婷 . 沟垄覆膜种植对连作马铃薯根系分泌物和土壤化学性质的影响. 甘肃农业大学硕士学位论文, 甘肃兰州, 2017. |
Xu L T . Effect of Ridge-furrow and Mulching on Root Exudates and Soil Chemical Properties in Potato Field under Continuous Cropping. MS Thesis of Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 2017 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[25] | 严陶韬, 丁子菊, 朱倩, 卜晓莉, 薛建辉, 吴永波 . 生物质炭对黄棕壤理化性质及龙脑樟幼苗生长的影响. 土壤, 2018,50:681-686. |
Yan T T, Ding Z J, Zhu Q, Bu X L, Xue J H, Wu Y B . Effects of biochar on physicochemical properties of yellow-brown soil and growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings. Soils, 2018,50:681-686 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[26] | 郝小雨, 马星竹, 周宝库 . 长期单施有机肥黑土大豆产量和土壤理化性质演变特征. 土壤与作物, 2018,7(2):222-228. |
Hao X Y, Ma X Z, Zhou B K . Variation characteristics of soybean yield and soil physicochemical properties after long-term organic fertilizer application in black soil. Soils Crops, 2018,7(2):222-228 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[27] |
Simek M, Hopkins D W . Regulation of potential denitrification by soil pH in long-term fertilized arable soils. Biol Fert Soils, 1999,30:41-47.
doi: 10.1007/s003740050585 |
[28] | 张文明, 邱慧珍, 张春红, 海龙 . 连作马铃薯不同生育期根系分泌物的成分检测及其自毒效应. 中国生态农业学报, 2015,23:215-224. |
Zhang W M, Qiu H Z, Zhang C H, Hai L . Identification and autotoxicity of root exudates of continuous cropping potato at different growth stages. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2015,23:215-224 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[29] | Chauhan R P S, Chauhan C P S, Singh S P, Ram S . Effect of saline water on okra (Hibiscus esculentus) and potato(Solanum tulberosum) and properties of soil. Indian J Agric Sci, 1990,60:350-353. |
[30] | 刘妍, 刘兆新, 何美娟, 刘婷如, 杨坚群, 甄晓宇, 栗鑫鑫, 李向东, 杨东清 . 冬闲期耕作方式对连作花生叶片衰老和产量的影响. 作物学报, 2019,45:131-143. |
Liu Y, Liu Z X, He M J, Liu T R, Yang J Q, Zhen X Y, Li X X, Li X D, Yang D Q . Effects of tillage modes in winter fallow period on leaf senescence and pod yield in continuous cropping peanut. Acta Agron Sin, 2019,45:131-143 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[31] | 段萌, 毛晓敏, 许尊秋, 赵引, 陈帅, 薄丽媛 . 覆膜和水分亏缺对制种玉米灌浆期气体交换参数及产量的影响. 排灌机械工程学报, 2018,36:1065-1070. |
Duan M, Mao X M, Xu Z Q, Zhao Y, Chen S, Bo L Y . Effects of water deficit and mulching on leaf gas exchange parameters and yield in seed-maize grain filling stage. J Drainage Irrig Mach Eng, 2018,36:1065-1070 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
[32] | 孙梦媛, 刘景辉, 赵宝平, 杨彦明, 高宇 . 全覆膜垄作种植对旱作马铃薯生长和土壤特性的影响. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(5):262-269. |
Sun M Y, Liu J H, Zhao B P, Yang Y M, Gao Y . Effects of full-film mulching and ridging planting on the rainfed potato growth and soil characteristics. J Soil Water Conserv, 2018,32(5):262-269 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
[1] | 王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450. |
[2] | 王旺年, 葛均筑, 杨海昌, 阴法庭, 黄太利, 蒯婕, 王晶, 汪波, 周广生, 傅廷栋. 大田作物在不同盐碱地的饲料价值评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1451-1462. |
[3] | 颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475. |
[4] | 杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487. |
[5] | 陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515. |
[6] | 李祎君, 吕厚荃. 气候变化背景下农业气象灾害对东北地区春玉米产量影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1537-1545. |
[7] | 石艳艳, 马志花, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 李荣. 垄作沟覆地膜对旱地马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297. |
[8] | 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247. |
[9] | 柯健, 陈婷婷, 吴周, 朱铁忠, 孙杰, 何海兵, 尤翠翠, 朱德泉, 武立权. 沿江双季稻北缘区晚稻适宜品种类型及高产群体特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 1005-1016. |
[10] | 李瑞东, 尹阳阳, 宋雯雯, 武婷婷, 孙石, 韩天富, 徐彩龙, 吴存祥, 胡水秀. 增密对不同分枝类型大豆品种同化物积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 942-951. |
[11] | 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961. |
[12] | 杜浩, 程玉汉, 李泰, 侯智红, 黎永力, 南海洋, 董利东, 刘宝辉, 程群. 利用Ln位点进行分子设计提高大豆单荚粒数[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 565-571. |
[13] | 陈云, 李思宇, 朱安, 刘昆, 张亚军, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 张伟杨, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 播种量和穗肥施氮量对优质食味直播水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 656-666. |
[14] | 袁嘉琦, 刘艳阳, 许轲, 李国辉, 陈天晔, 周虎毅, 郭保卫, 霍中洋, 戴其根, 张洪程. 氮密处理提高迟播栽粳稻资源利用和产量[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 667-681. |
[15] | 丁红, 徐扬, 张冠初, 秦斐斐, 戴良香, 张智猛. 不同生育期干旱与氮肥施用对花生氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 695-703. |
|