作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 40-47.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.01103
韦一昊1(), 于美琴2, 张晓娇1, 王露露1, 张志勇1, 马新明1, 李会强2, 王小纯1,2,*()
WEI Yi-Hao1(), YU Mei-Qin2, ZHANG Xiao-Jiao1, WANG Lu-Lu1, ZHANG Zhi-Yong1, MA Xin-Ming1, LI Hui-Qing2, WANG Xiao-Chun1,2,*()
摘要:
谷氨酰胺合成酶(glutamine synthetase, GS)是植物氮素同化的关键酶, 小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) GS由12个核基因编码, 即TaGS1;1-6A/6B/6D、TaGS1;2-4A/4B/4D、TaGS1;3-4A/4B/4D和TaGS2-2A/2B/2D。利用单分子测序技术获得了TaGS基因的全长转录本, 发现TaGS1;1-6A有1种可变剪接转录本、TaGS1;1-6B有2种可变剪接形式; 与正常转录本编码的TaGS相比, TaGS1;1-6A-1的Gln_synt_N结构域部分缺失, TaGS1;1-6B-3缺少Gln_synth_ gly_rich_site结构域; TaGS1;1-6B-4是新鉴定的转录本, 编码缺少Gln_synth_gly_rich_site和Gln_synth_cat_dom结构域的GS蛋白。进一步研究了氮肥对不同氮效率小麦品种可变剪接转录本表达的影响, 发现氮高效品种YM49叶片TaGS1;1-6A-1表达水平显著高于氮低效品种XN509, 且随着氮肥增加而升高; YM49根系TaGS1;1-6A-1表达随供氮量增加而升高, XN509却呈现相反趋势。TaGS1;1-6B-3在YM49和XN509中有相似的表达趋势, 高浓度NO3-促进TaGS1;1-6B-3在叶片中表达, 却抑制其在根中的表达; 高浓度NH4+抑制TaGS1;1-6B-3在叶片中表达, 但在根中表达影响较小。TaGS1;1-6B-4主要在低氮条件下表达, NH4+浓度不影响其在YM49根中的表达。了解TaGS基因可变剪接有助于阐明TaGS同工酶在小麦氮代谢中的功能。
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