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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (01): 152-157.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00152

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮素实时管理对夏玉米产量和氮素利用的影响

叶优良1,2,黄玉芳1,刘春生2,曲日涛2,宋海燕2,崔振岭3   

  1. 1河南农业大学资源与环境学院 / 河南省高校资源与环境工程技术研究中心，河南郑州450002; 2山东农业大学资源与环境学院，山东泰安271018;
    3中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京，100094
  • 收稿日期:2010-05-30 修回日期:2010-09-22 出版日期:2011-01-12 网络出版日期:2010-11-16
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118606), 农业部公益性行业科研专项(200803030)和引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划)重大项目(2006-G60)资助。

Effect of In-Season Nitrogen Management Strategy on Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

YE You-Liang1,2,HUANG Yu-Fang1,LIU Chun-Sheng2,QU Ri-Tao2,SONG Hai-Yan2,CUI Zhen-Ling3   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University / Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Colleges and Universities of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China; 2 College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, China; 3 College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
  • Received:2010-05-30 Revised:2010-09-22 Published:2011-01-12 Published online:2010-11-16

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被引次数

45

摘要： 为实现氮素效率和玉米产量的协同提高，以山东省泰安市和兖州市为试验地点，连续3年在4个田块上进行了基于土壤硝态氮测试的氮素实时管理，结果表明，优化施氮处理产量比农民习惯施肥增加2.73%~14.22%，平均增产7.90%；氮肥用量比习惯施肥减少36.80%~53.85%，平均减少44.75%。与农民习惯施肥相比，优化施氮处理氮素吸收效率增加13.68%~115.91%，氮肥表观利用率增加44.26%~377.89%，氮肥农学效率增加54.31%~271.31%，氮肥偏生产力增加53.38%~141.23%，产/投比增加37.35%~93.18%。说明应用土壤硝态氮测试进行氮肥实时管理可以明显减少玉米氮肥用量，提高氮肥利用效率，增加产量和经济效益。

关键词: 玉米, 硝态氮, 产量, 氮肥利用率

Abstract: In order to improve maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency cooperatively, in-season nitrogen management strategy based on soil nitrate nitrogen test was conducted for three years in four fields at Tai’an and Yanzhou city of Shandong province. The results showed that compared with farmers traditional fertilization, maize grain yields of optimized nitrogen management were increased by 2.73%–14.22%, averaged 7.90%, nitrogen rates were reduced by 36.80%–53.85%, averaged 44.75%, nitrogen uptake efficiencies were increased by 13.68%–115.91%, nitrogen recovery efficiencies were increased by 44.26%–377.89%, nitrogen agronomy efficiencies were increased by 54.31%–271.31%, nitrogen partial factor productivities were increased by 53.38%–141.23%, value cost ratios were increased by 37.35%–93.18%. It suggested that in-season nitrogen management strategy based on soil nitrate nitrogen test could reduce maize nitrogen rate, increase nitrogen use efficiency, improve grain yield and value cost ratio.

Key words: Maize, Nitrate nitrogen, Yield, Nitrogen use efficiency

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