粳稻杂种优势遗传基础剖析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.02147

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解控制粳稻产量相关性状及其中亲优势的基因作用类型, 利用秀堡RIL群体及其2个回交(BCF₁)群体对株高、生育期、单株有效穗数、穗长、每穗颖花数、结实率、一次枝梗数和二次枝梗数8个性状及其中亲杂种优势进行QTL定位。共检测到58个显著的主效QTL (M-QTL), 单个M-QTL的贡献率变幅为3.3%~41.9%。77.6%的M-QTL表现为加性效应, 15.5%的M-QTL表现为部分或完全显性效应, 6.9%的M-QTL表现为超显性效应。共检测到90对显著的双基因上位性QTL(E-QTL)。在RIL群体中检测到44对E-QTL, 单对E-QTL的贡献率变幅为1.7%~8.0%, 平均3.7%。在XSBCF₁群体中检测到27对E-QTL, 其中利用BCF₁表型值检测到16对E-QTL, 单对E-QTL的贡献率变幅为12.7%~78.5%, 平均29.2%; 利用中亲优势值检测到11对E-QTL, 单对E-QTL的贡献率变幅为15.0%~71.8%, 平均40.1%。在CBBCF₁群体中检测到19对E-QTL, 其中利用BCF₁表型值检测到12对E-QTL, 单对E-QTL的贡献率变幅为2.7%~64.4%, 平均30.1%; 利用中亲优势值检测到9对E-QTL, 单对E-QTL的贡献率变幅为21.7%~64.1%, 平均40.0%。在CBBCF₁群体中, 利用BCF₁表型值和中亲优势值都检测到的E-QTL有2对。上述结果表明上位性效应是粳稻秀堡组合杂种优势的主要遗传基础。

关键词: 粳稻, 主效QTL, 上位性QTL, 杂种优势

Abstract:

To understand the types of gene action controlling yield-related traits and their mid-parental heterosis in japonica rice, we carried out quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping by using 254 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of japonica rice varieties Xiushui 79, C Bao and two backcross hybrid (BCF₁) populations derived from these RILs. Phenotypic values and mid-parental heterosis values (H_MP) were investigated for eight traits in the three populations. The eight traits were plant height, growth duration, productive panicle number per plant, panicle length, spikelet number per panicle, percentage of spikelet fertility, primary branch number per panicle, and secondary branch number per panicle. A total of 58 main-effect QTLs (M-QTL) were detected in the three populations. The percentage of phenotypicvariance explained by single M-QTL ranged from 3.3% to 41.9%. Among the 58 M-QTLs detected, 45 M-QTLs (77.6%) showed additive effects, 9 M-QTLs (15.5%) showed partial-to-complete dominant effects, and 4 M-QTLs (6.9%) showed over-dominant effects. Ninety pairs of digenic epistatic QTL (E-QTL) were detected in the three populations. Among them, 44 pairs of E-QTLs were detected in RIL population, and the percentage of phenotypic variance explained by singlepair of QTL rangedfrom 1.7% to 8.0%, with an average of 3.7%.In XSBCF₁population (Xiushui 79 as recurrent parent), 27 pairs of E-QTL were detected. Sixteen pairs of E-QTL were detected by using BCF₁phenotypic values, and the percentage of phenotypic variance explained by singleE-QTL rangedfrom 12.7% to 78.5%, with an average of 29.2%. Eleven pairs of E-QTL were detected by using H_MPvalues, and the percentage of phenotypic variance explained by singleE-QTL rangedfrom 15.0% to 71.8%, with an average of 40.1%. In CBBCF₁ population (C Bao as recurrent parent), 19 pairs of E-QTL were detected. Twelve pairs of E-QTL were detected by using BCF₁phenotypic value, and the percentage of phenotypic variance explained by singlepair of E-QTL rangedfrom 2.7% to 64.4%, with an average of 30.1%. Nine pairs of E-QTL were detected by using H_MPvalue, and the percentage of phenotypic variance explained by singlepair of E-QTL rangedfrom 21.7% to 64.1%, with an average of 40.0%. Two pairs of E-QTL were detected by using both BCF₁phenotypic value and H_MP value in CBBCF₁ population. These results indicated that epistatic effects were the primary genetic basis of heterosis in this cross in japonica rice.

Key words: Japonica rice, Main-effect QTL, Epistatic QTL, Heterosis

江建华，刘强明，卢超，张红，刘晓丽，党小景，牛付安，BRERIA Manamik Caleb，赵凯铭，洪德林. 粳稻杂种优势遗传基础剖析[J]. 作物学报, 2012, 38(12): 2147-2161.

JIANG Jian-Hua,LIU Qiang-Ming,LU Chao,ZHANG Hong,LIU Xiao-Li,DANG Xiao-Jing,NIU Fu-An,BRERIA Manamik Caleb,ZHAO Kai-Ming,HONG De-Lin. Genetic Basis Dissection of Heterosis in Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2012, 38(12): 2147-2161.

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