作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (05): 761-766.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00761
• 综述 • 下一篇
梅旭荣,钟秀丽,刘晓英
MEI Xu-Rong,ZHONG Xiu-Li,LIU Xiao-Ying
摘要:
提高水分利用效率是缓解水资源危机实现作物可持续生产的重要策略。本文对叶片尺度的瞬时WUE和单株尺度WUE的品种间差异,瞬时WUE到田间尺度WUE的尺度转换,以及瞬时WUE与产量之间的关系进行了讨论。瞬时WUE具有较大的遗传变异性,在亏水条件下品种间差异更显著。在禾谷类作物上,气孔导度与瞬时WUE密切相关。单株尺度WUE在亏水条件下品种间差异显著,足水条件下差异相对较小。气孔导度是影响单株尺度WUE的重要性状,品种之间气孔对水分亏缺的敏感性差异较大。瞬时WUE向田间尺度WUE的尺度转换不仅受到冠层阻力和边界层阻力的制约,还受土壤蒸发与作物蒸腾比率以及同化物分配模式的影响。瞬时WUE与产量的关系决定于环境的水分条件,在作物生长发育主要依靠土壤中储存水分的干旱条件下,瞬时WUE高对获得高产有利。相反,在水分条件较适宜的地区,高瞬时WUE性状不利于高产。
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