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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 71-79.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.02025

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

一个新的水稻脆秆突变体bc17的鉴定及基因定位

姜鸿瑞1,2(), 叶亚峰1, 何丹1, 任艳1, 杨阳1, 谢建1, 程维民1, 陶亮之1, 周利斌3, 吴跃进1, 刘斌美1,*()   

  1. 1中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院, 安徽合肥 230031
    2中国科学技术大学, 安徽合肥 230026
    3中国科学院近代物理研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-03 接受日期:2020-09-13 出版日期:2021-01-12 网络出版日期:2020-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘斌美
  • 作者简介:E-mail: j602910520@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技重大专项(18030701205);安徽省重点研发专项(201904c03020007);国家自然科学基金项目(31701330);国家自然科学基金项目(31601828);中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(STS计划);中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-054)

Identification and gene localization of a novel rice brittle culm mutant bc17

JIANG Hong-Rui1,2(), YE Ya-Feng1, HE Dan1, REN Yan1, YANG Yang1, XIE Jian1, CHENG Wei-Min1, TAO Liang-Zhi1, ZHOU Li-Bin3, WU Yue-Jin1, LIU Bin-Mei1,*()   

  1. 1Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
    2University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
    3Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2020-04-03 Accepted:2020-09-13 Published:2021-01-12 Published online:2020-09-29
  • Contact: LIU Bin-Mei
  • Supported by:
    Anhui Science and Technology Major Project(18030701205);Anhui Key Research and Development Program(201904c03020007);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701330);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601828);Science and Technology Service Network Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences Project (STS Program);Science and Technology Service Network Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences Project(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-054)

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摘要：

利用重离子辐照武运粳7号(Wuyunjing 7, wyj7)获得一个脆秆突变体bc17 (brittle culm 17), 该突变体脆性特征仅在茎秆中表现, 叶片正常, 并且茎秆脆性在抽穗后开始表现, 随着成熟度的增加脆性特征逐渐显著。农艺性状分析表明, 该突变体生长发育受到影响, 株高显著低于野生型, 分蘖数减少以及结实率降低。茎秆和叶片生化成分测定显示, 与野生型相比, bc17茎秆和叶片的纤维素含量分别降低22.70%和18.67%, 半纤维素含量分别升高45.76%和31.36%。bc17茎秆的抗折力、拉伸力均显著低于野生型, 表明茎秆的机械强度发生改变。组织解剖学观察发现, bc17茎秆的厚壁细胞孔隙变大, 结构疏松, 细胞数目减少。遗传分析表明, bc17的脆秆特征受单隐性核基因控制。利用图位克隆技术将bc17基因精细定位于水稻第7号染色体162 kb区域中, 生物信息学分析表明可能是一个新的水稻脆秆基因, 为揭示水稻细胞壁合成分子机制的研究提供重要的材料支撑。

关键词: 水稻, 脆秆突变体, 细胞壁, 基因定位, 纤维素含量

Abstract:

A brim culm mutant bc17 (brittle culm 17) was obtained by irradiating wyj7 (Wuyunjing 7) with heavy ions. The brittle traits of the mutant were only found in the stalks and not in the leaves. The brittleness of the culm began to appear after heading stage, while it became more obvious as rice grew from heading stage to maturity stage. The growth and development of the mutant were affected, the plant height of the mutant was significantly lower than that in the wild type, and tiller number and seed setting rate were also lower than in the wild type. Compared with wild type, the cellulose content in bc17 culms and leaves decreased by 22.7% and 18.67%, while the hemicellulose content increased by 45.76% and 31.36%, respectively. The breaking resistance and tensile force of bc17 were significantly lower than those of wild type, indicating that the mechanical strength of the culm changed. The thick-walled cells of bc17 culms had larger pores, looser structures, and fewer cells. The fragile characteristics of bc17 were controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The bc17 gene was located in the 162 kb region of chromosome 7 by map-based cloning. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that it might be a novel gene related to rice brittle culm. These findings provided an important material support for the research on the molecular mechanism of cell wall synthesis in rice.

Key words: rice, brittle culm mutant, cell wall, gene mapping, cellulose content

图1

突变体bc17和野生型wyj7植株及茎秆折断表现型 A: 成熟期植株; B: 成熟期茎秆折断表型; C: 成熟期叶片; D: 穗部表型。"

表1

突变体bc17与野生型wyj7农艺性状分析"

性状
Trait		 突变体
Mutant (bc17)		 野生型
Wild type (wyj7)
株高 Plant height (cm) 69.43±1.95** 94.6±0.80
分蘖数Tiller number per plant 9.67±0.58* 11.33±0.58
结实率 Seed fertility (%) 63.45±2.39** 87.53±4.38
千粒重 1000-grain weight (g) 23.6±0.67** 26.62±0.84
穗长 Panicle length (cm) 12.73±0.55** 15.56±0.21
每穗粒数Number of grain per panicle 111.94±12.06 128.94±9.34

表2

野生型和突变体bc17茎秆和叶片细胞壁成分分析"

成分
Component		 茎秆Culm 叶片Leaf
突变体
Mutant (bc17)		 野生型
Wild type (wyj7)		 突变体
Mutant (bc17)		 野生型
Wild type (wyj7)
纤维素 Cellulose 19.91±1.77* 25.77±1.36 29.19±2.16* 35.89±1.74
半纤维素 Hemicellulose 22.68±1.78* 15.56±0.63 30.03±1.17 22.86±2.40
木质素 Lignin 4.39±0.40 3.99±0.66 6.52±0.30* 4.61±0.24
灰分 Ash 4.21±0.13 4.19±0.59 6.65±0.12* 8.07±0.29

图2

野生型和突变体第2节间、第3节间茎秆折断力和茎秆拉伸力分析 * 表示显著差异(P < 0.05), ** 表示极显著差异(P < 0.01)。"

表3

野生型和突变体bc17倒伏指数计算"

参数
Parameters		 野生型
Wild type (wyj7)		 突变体
Mutant (bc17)
抗折力Breaking resistance (N) 6.38±0.59 3.33±0.11**
弯曲力矩Bending moment (N m) 6.31±0.34 3.75±0.34**
倒伏指数Lodging index 99.38±76.40 112.15±57.40

图3

野生型(左)和突变体(右)茎秆横截面"

表4

突变体bc17的遗传分析"

杂交组合
Cross		 正常植株
Normal plants		 脆秆株数
Number of brittle culm plants		 群体总数
Total number of F2		 χ2
(χ20.05 = 3.84)
bc17/wyj7 223 78 301 0.13
bc17/9311 329 97 426 1.13

表5

bc17基因定位部分引物"

标记
Marker		 正向引物
Forward primer (5′-3′)		 反向引物
Reverse primer (5′-3′)
RM500 GAGCTTGCCAGAGTGGAAAG GTTACACCGAGAGCCAGCTC
RM3743 TAGCCTTGTTCCATCCATCC CTTCTCCCTCTCCTCCTTCC
UP-81 TGCATCTCATCTCCCCTCTT TGGAGTATAACGCCGACCTC
DN-25 AGGGAAAATGCGCTGAACTA ATTCATCCATGCCCTATCCA

图4

利用分子标记对bc17基因定位"

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