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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 2994-3003.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13076

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

290个吉林省审定玉米品种SSR-DNA指纹构建及遗传多样性分析

田红丽1(), 赵紫薇1,2(), 杨扬1(), 范亚明1, 班秀丽3, 易红梅1, 杨洪明3, 刘少荣1, 高玉倩3, 刘亚维1, 王凤格1()   

  1. 1北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心 / 玉米DNA指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097
    2吉林农业大学, 吉林长春 130118
    3吉林省种子管理总站, 吉林长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-21 接受日期:2022-03-25 出版日期:2022-12-12 网络出版日期:2022-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 王凤格
  • 作者简介:田红丽, E-mail: tianhongli9963@163.com;
    赵紫薇, E-mail: zhao691111@sina.com;
    杨扬, E-mail: caurwx@163.com第一联系人：

    **同等贡献

  • 基金资助:
    北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20200305);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0102001)

Construction of SSR-DNA fingerprints and genetic diversity analysis of 290 maize varieties approved in Jilin province, China

TIAN Hong-Li1(), ZHAO Zi-Wei1,2(), YANG Yang1(), FAN Ya-Ming1, BAN Xiu-Li3, YI Hong-Mei1, YANG Hong-Ming3, LIU Shao-Rong1, GAO Yu-Qian3, LIU Ya-Wei1, WANG Feng-Ge1()   

  1. 1Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100097, China
    2Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
    3Jilin Seed Management Station, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
  • Received:2021-12-21 Accepted:2022-03-25 Published:2022-12-12 Published online:2022-04-20
  • Contact: WANG Feng-Ge
  • About author:First author contact:

    **Contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Innovation Capacity Building Project of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(KJCX20200305);National Key Research and Development Program of China during 13th Five-Year Plan(2017YFD0102001)

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摘要：

吉林省审定玉米品种标准指纹构建及遗传多样性分析, 可为其品种审定、保护、市场监测等提供核心数据支撑, 同时对于品种选育、种质创新也具有重要意义。本研究利用40对SSR标记构建了吉林省2010—2017年审定的290个玉米品种标准SSR-DNA指纹并进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明, 40对SSR标记检测到等位基因数平均值为11.85个, PIC平均值为0.64; 品种杂合基因型频率平均值为0.66; 品种间差异位点数目均≥2个。6个熟期组的遗传多样性分析显示, 中晚熟和中熟审定的品种较多占71.72%, 极早熟、早熟、晚熟审定品种较少; 早熟组具有基因多样性参数最高值0.69, 品种数量最多的中晚熟组具有相对低的基因多样性值。聚类结果显示, 吉林省审定推广种植品种被划分为3类, 分别是甜糯爆裂、极早熟和早熟类、偏中或晚熟类; 偏中或晚熟的品种显示了两大趋势, 代表了选用杂优群的差异、品种选育单位的不同、品种类型的差异等。本研究为吉林省玉米品种管理、品种选育、种质创新提供了重要的理论和数据基础。

关键词: 吉林省, 审定玉米品种, SSR标记, DNA指纹构建, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

The standard fingerprint construction and genetic diversity analysis of maize varieties approved in Jilin province can provide data support for variety approval, protection, and market monitoring. It is also of great significance for variety breeding and germplasm innovation. In this study, 40 pairs of SSR markers were used to construct the standard SSR-DNA fingerprints of 290 maize varieties approved in Jilin province from 2010 to 2017, and the genetic diversity was analyzed. The results showed that the average number of alleles detected by 40 SSRs was 11.85 and the average PIC was 0.64. The average frequency of heterozygous genotypes of varieties was 0.66. The different loci number among varieties was ≥ 2. The genetic diversity analysis of six maturity groups revealed that there were more varieties with middle and late maturity, accounting for 71.72%, and fewer varieties with extremely early maturity, early maturity, and late maturity. The early maturity group had the highest gene diversity parameter of 0.69, and the mid-late maturity group with the largest number of varieties had a relatively low gene diversity value. Clustering results indicated that the varieties approved and popularized in Jilin province were divided into three categories: sweet waxy and popcorn, extremely early and early middle, medium or late maturity. The middle or late maturing varieties had two major trends, representing the differences in the selection of heterozygous groups, the different breeding units, the differences in variety types and so on. This study provides an important theoretical and data basis for maize variety management, variety breeding, and germplasm innovation in Jilin province.

Key words: Jilin province, approved maize varieties, SSR marker, DNA fingerprints construction, genetic diversity

表1

40对SSR引物多态性信息"

编号
SSR ID		 染色体位置
Chromosome location		 基因型数
Number of
genotypes		 等位基因数
Number of
alleles		 多态信息含量
Polymorphism
information content		 引物区分能力
Discrimination power		 主要等位基因及其频率
Major allele and its
frequency
P01 1.03 46.00 18.00 0.73 0.92 350,0.44
P02 1.06 16.00 8.00 0.52 0.64 241,0.62
P03 2.04 66.00 21.00 0.81 0.92 256,0.28
P04 2.08 66.00 25.00 0.79 0.92 358,0.37
P05 3.00 69.00 23.00 0.81 0.95 291,0.36
P06 3.05 19.00 8.00 0.68 0.86 336,0.41
P07 4.01 28.00 14.00 0.38 0.53 411,0.77
P08 4.06 35.00 18.00 0.67 0.84 382,0.39
P09 5.03 56.00 19.00 0.80 0.93 319,0.32
P10 5.07 42.00 15.00 0.81 0.93 252,0.27
P11 6.00 69.00 22.00 0.84 0.95 183,0.26
P12 6.05 47.00 20.00 0.64 0.86 265,0.57
P13 7.00 33.00 14.00 0.71 0.87 208,0.45
P14 7.04 16.00 6.00 0.66 0.85 173,0.46
P15 8.06 32.00 8.00 0.71 0.89 237,0.46
P16 8.08 21.00 8.00 0.51 0.75 217,0.65
P17 9.03 9.00 4.00 0.56 0.77 413,0.48
P18 9.04 9.00 6.00 0.33 0.57 278,0.76
P19 10.02 22.00 14.00 0.49 0.73 222,0.66
P20 10.05 25.00 10.00 0.68 0.86 185,0.42
P21 1.07 7.00 4.00 0.43 0.66 154,0.67
P22 1.10 83.00 24.00 0.85 0.95 193,0.31
P23 2.00 26.00 8.00 0.68 0.84 253,0.44
P24 2.07 23.00 8.00 0.61 0.82 222,0.51
P25 2.09 35.00 13.00 0.68 0.87 165,0.47
P26 3.07 13.00 6.00 0.56 0.77 232,0.56
P27 4.04 20.00 8.00 0.64 0.83 271,0.44
P28 4.09 9.00 5.00 0.51 0.74 197,0.48
P29 5.02 40.00 12.00 0.79 0.92 276,0.28
P30 5.03 8.00 5.00 0.45 0.63 126,0.61
P31 6.01 52.00 20.00 0.75 0.91 263,0.39
P32 6.07 24.00 9.00 0.62 0.80 234,0.54
P33 7.01 24.00 9.00 0.66 0.81 207,0.39
P34 7.03 16.00 8.00 0.50 0.73 170,0.60
P35 8.02 20.00 8.00 0.69 0.88 183,0.44
P36 8.09 16.00 6.00 0.62 0.83 204,0.50
P37 9.01 27.00 8.00 0.76 0.90 197,0.29
P38 9.05 7.00 4.00 0.37 0.65 275,0.61
P39 10.00 34.00 13.00 0.64 0.83 309,0.44
P40 10.04 41.00 15.00 0.71 0.86 310,0.37
平均Mean — 31.28 11.85 0.64 0.82 0.47

图1

290个吉林省审定玉米品种杂合基因型频率、两两成对比较差异位点数分布图 A: 290个玉米品种杂合基因型频率分布: B: 290个玉米品种两两成对比较差异位点数分布图。"

表2

6个熟期组的遗传多样性比较"

熟期
Mature stage		 样品数量
Number		 总基因型数
Number of
genotypes		 总等位基因数
Number of
alleles		 杂合基因型频率平均值
Heterozygous
genotype rate		 基因多样性
Gene diversity
极早熟 Extremely early maturity 11 263 210 0.66 0.66
早熟 Early maturity 25 458 291 0.61 0.69
中早熟 Mid-early maturity 38 492 291 0.65 0.67
中熟 Mid-maturity 86 753 389 0.66 0.68
中晚熟 Mid-late maturity 122 717 359 0.67 0.65
晚熟 Late maturity 8 215 193 0.66 0.64

图2

295个玉米品种的系统聚类图 红色: 极早熟; 黄色: 早熟; 棕色: 中早熟; 蓝色: 中熟; 浅绿色: 中晚熟; 黑色: 晚熟。图中黑色实心圆表示代表性品种。"

图3

295个玉米品种主坐标分析 A: 3个类群之间的相互关系; B: 偏晚熟的7个组之间的相互关系, 黑色空心圆为代表品种。"

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