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谷子微核心种质的构建

梁红凯**，赵苏蒙**，陆琼，周鹏，智慧，刁现民*，贺强*   

  1. 作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室 / 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09 修回日期:2025-03-26 接受日期:2025-03-26 网络出版日期:2025-03-31
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由农业生物育种国家科技重大专项(2023ZD04076), 国家自然科学基金项目(32301798)和中国农业科学院青年创新专项(Y2024QC01)资助。

A mini core collection of foxtail millet

LIANG Hong-Kai**,ZHAO Su-Meng**,LU Qiong,ZHOU Peng,ZHI Hui,DIAO Xian-Min*,HE Qiang*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding / Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinse Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-12-09 Revised:2025-03-26 Accepted:2025-03-26 Published online:2025-03-31
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04076), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32301798), and the Youth Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Y2024QC01).

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摘要：

种质资源是作物遗传研究、种质创新和新品种培育的重要基础。然而，随着种质资源数量的快速增长，如何高效研究和利用这些遗传资源成为亟待解决的重要问题。本研究基于全球范围的967份谷子种质资源的基因组数据，通过遗传多样性、遗传距离、地理分布等信息，构建出一个具有代表性的200份谷子微核心种质资源群体。该微核心种质保留了原始种质的遗传多样性和群体结构的代表性，同时具有广泛的地理分布和丰富的表型变异。本研究进一步通过全基因组关联分析鉴定出10个与农艺性状关联的QTL，包括调控谷子叶枕颜色的PPLS1基因和与抽穗期相关的Ghd7.1基因，表明该微核心种质具有高的实用性。研究结果为谷子种质资源的高效利用提供了重要的材料基础。

关键词: 谷子, 种质资源, 微核心种质, 全基因组关联分析, PPLS1, Ghd7.1

Abstract:

Germplasm resources form the foundation of crop genetic research, germplasm innovation, and variety improvement. However, as the number of available germplasm resources continues to grow, efficiently studying and utilizing them has become an increasingly urgent challenge. In this study, we analyzed genome data from 967 globally sourced foxtail millet germplasm accessions to construct a representative mini-core collection of 200 accessions, based on genetic diversity, genetic distance, and geographical distribution. This mini-core collection preserves the genetic diversity and population structure of the original germplasm while maintaining broad geographical representation and extensive phenotypic variation. Furthermore, genome-wide association analysis identified 10 QTLs associated with key agronomic traits, including PPLS1, a gene regulating leaf sheath color, and Ghd7.1, a gene linked to heading date. These findings highlight the practical value of the mini-core germplasm collection and provide a valuable genetic resource for the efficient utilization and further improvement of foxtail millet germplasm.

Key words: foxtail millet, germplasm resources, mini-core collection, genome-wide association study, PPLS1, Ghd7.1

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