作物学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (01): 100-108.doi: 10.3734/SP.J.1006.2015.00100
张超,占东霞,张亚黎,罗宏海,勾玲,张旺锋*
ZHANG Chao,ZHAN Dong-Xia,ZHANG Ya-Li,LUO Hong-Hai,GOU Ling,ZHANG Wang-Feng*
摘要:
在新疆气候生态条件下,选用新陆早33号和新陆早46号棉花品种,设置2个膜下滴灌量处理,测定棉花叶片和苞叶的光响应曲线、CO2响应曲线、荧光参数等相关光合生理指标,探讨生育后期棉花叶片与苞叶光合能力的差异及对滴灌量的响应。结果表明,棉花生育期间,高温强光下苞叶最大羧化速率与最大电子传递速率的比值(Jmax/Vc,max)较高,气孔导度(Gs)较低。棉花生长发育后期,苞叶面积、含水量、叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、光系统II实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)、Rubisco含量显著低于叶片,但随着生育进程降幅显著低于叶片。与常规滴灌处理相比,节水滴灌处理棉花叶片含水量降幅显著高于苞叶;叶片叶绿素含量、Pn和Rubisco含量显著降低,而苞叶的变化不显著。棉花生育后期苞叶面积、含水量、叶绿素含量、Pn、ΦPSII、Rubisco含量的稳定性高于叶片,表明生育后期叶片衰老较快,但苞叶仍能保持较稳定的光合能力,对光合物质的贡献逐渐增大,常规滴灌下达7.22%~8.83%,节水滴灌下达10.24%~12.53%。
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