沼液与尿素配施对冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01401

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2007—2009年度，在总施氮量相同的条件下，比较了沼液与尿素氮肥不同基追比对冬小麦品种温麦28光合特性及产量的影响。在基施沼液的基础上追施尿素，提高叶片PSII潜在活性(F_v/F_o)、PSII光化学最大效率(F_v/F_m)和荧光光化学猝灭系数(q_P)，降低荧光非光化学猝灭系数(q_N)，其PSII量子效率(ΦPSII)和电子传递速率(ETR)优势明显，具有较高的光合速率，尤其是基施25%沼液氮+追施75%尿素氮处理，光合功能强，籽粒产量最高，2007—2008年度达8 277.90 kg hm^-²，2008—2009年度为7 318.07 kg hm^-²。整个生育期单施沼液处理使小麦营养生长过旺，荧光参数变劣，光合速率下降，产量显著降低。单施尿素氮肥处理F_v/F_o和F_v/F_m在开花期前具有明显优势，但在开花期后不再延续前期优势，Φ_PSII和ETR参数年度间存在差异，q_P值持续低于基施沼液追施尿素的配施处理，而q_N值表现相反，荧光参数间不够协调，产量较基施沼液追施尿素处理降低，而较单施沼液处理显著提高。

关键词: 小麦, 沼液, 尿素, 光合特性, 产量

Abstract: A two-year field experiment was carried out to study the physiological basis of photosynthesis when biogas slurry was jointly applied with urea in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and to suggest the proper method for applying biogas slurry. Under the control of total input of nitrogen, the treatments with basal biogas slurry and topdressed urea showed relative high values of PSII potential activity (F_v/F_o), the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (F_v/F_m), photochemical quenching coefficient (q_P), electron transport rate (ETR), overall photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Φ_PSII), and Pn and low values of non-photochemical quenching coefficient (q_N) of flag leaf from heading to maturity of wheat. The best performance of P_n and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was observed in the treatment of basal biogas slurry (25%) + topdressed urea (75%), which also showed the highest yield of 8 277.90 kg ha^-1 and 7 318.07 kg ha^-1 in 2007–2008 and 2008–2009. The only application of biogas slurry resulted in poor chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and low P_n because of plant malnutrition, and ultimately a significant lower yield than other treatments. Although the highest F_v/F_o and F_v/F_m were observed in the treatment with urea applied only at heading stage, there were obvious unbalanced chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, such as a continuously low level of q_P, a continuously high level of q_N, and the unstable ETR and Φ_PSII across years. The results suggest that the proper application of biogas slurry in combination with chemical fertilizers may promote grain yield of wheat through optimizing photosynthetic functions, and biogas slurry applied before sowing is better than topdressed at jointing stage.

Key words: Winter wheat, Biogas slurry, Urea, Photosynthetic characteristics, Grain yield

冯伟,管涛,王永华,郭天财,王晨阳,朱云集. 沼液与尿素配施对冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2010, 36(08): 1401-1408.

FENG Wei, GUAN Tao, WANG Yong-Hua, GUO Tian-Cai, WANG Chen-Yang, ZHU Yun-Ji. Effects of Biogas Slurry Combinated with Urea on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2010, 36(08): 1401-1408.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01401

https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/Y2010/V36/I08/1401

参考文献

   [1]    Li Z-B(李泽碧), Wang Z-Y(王正银), Li Q-R(李清荣), Xu W-H(徐卫红), Li C-Q(李成琼), Liu C-G(刘朝贵), Wu G-Q(吴国强). Effects of combined application of biogas digestate and chemical fertilizer on yield and quality of lettuce. China Biogas (中国沼气), 2006, 24(1): 27-30 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]    Li J-M(李菊梅), Xu M-G(徐明岗), Qin D-Z(秦道珠), Li D-C(李冬初), Hosen Y, Yagi K. Effects of chemical fertilizers application combined with manure on ammonia volatilization and rice yield in red paddy soil. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2005, 11(1): 51-56 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]    Ni L(倪亮), Sun G-H(孙广辉), Luo G-E(罗光恩), Shi W-Y(石伟勇), Lu H(陆宏), Ye W-Z(叶伟宗). Effect of marsh gas sewage irrigation on soil quality. Soils (土壤), 2008, 40(4): 608-611 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]    Li Y(李轶), Zhang Y-L(张玉笼), Yu N(虞娜), Tong L(佟玲), Zhang Z(张镇). Effects of biogas fertilizers application on nitrate and salt accumulation in soil of protected fields. Chin J Soil Sci (土壤通报), 2007, 38(2): 409-411 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]    Duan M-S(段茂盛), Wang G-H(王革华). Greenhouse gas mitigation benefits of biogas project in livestock farms. Acta Energiae Solaris Sin (太阳能学报), 2003, 24(3): 386-389 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]    Dahiya A K, Vasudevan P. Biogas plant slurry as an alternative to chemical fertilizers. Biomass, 1986, 9: 67-74
[7]    Xu W-H(徐卫红), Wang Z-Y(王正银), Wang Q(王旗), Ou-Yang J(欧阳柬), Chen C-F(陈彩范). A review on studies of biogas fermentation residue effect on vegetable yield and quality. China Biogas (中国沼气), 2005, 23(2): 27-29 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]    Liu X-G(刘小刚), Li B-Z(李丙智), Zhang L-S(张林森), Jin H-C(金会翠 Sin (西北农业学报), 2007, 16(3): 105-108 (in Chinese with English abstract)), Feng C-L(冯存良). Effect of biogas slurry on fruit quality and leaf physiological activity index of Fuji apple. Acta Agric Boreali-Occident
[9]    Zhu L-S(朱列书), Dai L-J(戴林建), Su X-Y(苏祥云), Fu S-F(付松发). The impacts on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco when fertilize with different ponded organic fertilizers. Crop Res (作物研究), 2004, 18(2): 96-99 (in Chinese)
[10]    Evens S D, Goodrich P R. Effects of solid and liquid beef and liquid hogmanure on soil characteristics and on growth, yield, and composition of corn. J Environ Qual, 1997, 6: 361-368
[11]    Qiu L(邱凌), Yang B-P(杨保平), Zhang Z-M(张正茂), Li X-Y(李相运), Zou Y-J(邹养军). Effects of soaking of wheat seed by biogas slurry on wheat growth in dryland. China Biogas (中国沼气), 1999, 17(1): 42-44 (in Chinese)
[12]    Yang J-F(杨军芳), Zhou X-F(周晓芬). The effects of dressing biogas waste fertilizer in wheat fields. J Hebei Agric Sci(河北农业科学), 2005, 9(3): 58-60 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]    Matis T, Lithourgidis A S, Gagianas A A. Effects of injected liquid cattle manure on growth and yield of winter wheat and soil characteristics. Agron J, 2003, 95: 592-596
[14]    Garg R N, Pathak H, Das D K, Tomar R K. Use of flyash and biogas slurry for improving wheat yield and physical properties of soil. Environ Monitoring Assessment, 2005, 107: 1-9
[15]    Kong D-J(孔德杰), Yang G-H(杨改河), Ren G-X(任广鑫), Feng Y-Z(冯永忠), Ke Y(柯英). Effects of different amount of applied biogas fermentation residues on photosynthesis characteristic and grain yield of winter wheat. Acta Agric Boreali-Occident Sin (西北农业学报), 2008, 17(2): 64-69 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]    Guo T-C(郭天财), Feng W(冯伟), Zhao H-J(赵会杰), Xue G-D(薛国典), Wang H-C(王化岑), Wang Y-H(王永华), Yao Z-J(姚战军). Study on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves in two spike-type cultivars of winter wheat and effects of nitrogen on photosynthetic characteristics. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2004, 30(2): 115-121 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]    Zhang W-F(张旺锋), Gou L(勾玲), Wang Z-L(王振林), Li S-K(李少昆), Yu S-L(余松烈), Cao L-P(曹连莆). Effect of nitrogen on chlorophyll fluorescence of leaves of high-yielding cotton in Xinjiang. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2003, 36(8): 893-898 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]    Tian J-C(田纪春), Chen J-S(陈建省), Wang Y-X(王延训), Zhang Y-X(张永祥中国农业科学), 2001, 34(1): 1). Effects of delayed-nitrogen application on grain yield and photosynthetic characteristics in flag leaves of wheat cultivars. Sci Agric Sin (-4 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]    Ju Z-C(鞠正春)应用生态学报), 2006, 17(3): 395, Yu Z-W(于振文). Effects of nitrogen topdressing at different growth stage on chlorophyll fluorescence of winter wheat flag leaves. Chin J Appl Ecol (-398 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]    Kurt M, Walter S. Effects of different manuring systems with and without biogas digestion on soil mineral nitrogen content and on gaseous nitrogen losses (ammonia, nitrous oxides). Eur J Agron, 2009, 30: 1-16
[21]    Terhoeven-Urselmans T, Scheller E, Raubuch M, Ludwig B, Joergensen R G. CO₂ evolution and N mineralization after biogas slurry application in the field and its yield effects on spring barley. Appl Soil Ecol, 2009, 42: 297-302
[22]    Matsunaka T, Sawamoto T, Ishimura H, Takakura K, Takekawa A. Efficient use of digested cattle slurry from biogas plant with respect to nitrogen recycling in grassland. Intl Congress Ser, 2006, 1293: 242-252
[23]    Yang C(杨闯), Xu W-X(徐文修), Li Q-Q(李钦钦), Yang X(杨旭), Zhu Y(朱永), Chen M(陈明). Effect of biogas slurry soaking seed on growth and yield of upland cotton. Xinjiang Agric Sci (新疆农业科学), 2009, 46(1): 138-141 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]    Xu M-G(徐明岗), Li D-C(李冬初), Li J-M(李菊梅), Qin D-Z(秦道珠), Yagi K, Hosen Y. Effects of organic manure application with chemical fertilizers on nutrient absorption and yield of rice in Hunan of southern China. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2008, 41(10): 3133-3139 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]    Zhang J-J(张建军), Fan T-L(樊廷录), Wang Y(王勇), Tang X-M(唐小明), Dang Y(党翼). Winter wheat yield and soil nutriments affected by organic fertilizer in loess plateau east of Gansu. Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin (西北植物学报). 2009, 29(8): 1656-1662 (in Chinese with English abstract)

相关文章 15

[1]	翟胜男, 曹新有, 李豪圣, 李吉虎, 李法计, 刘金栋, 夏先春, 吕莹莹, 马瑞峰, 王颖, 耿洪伟, 刘建军. 小麦Pod-A1、Pod-D1和Pod-2D位点等位变异对籽粒过氧化物酶活性的遗传效应分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1593-1603.
[2]	习千辉, 徐梓瑗, 刘梦梦, 王宏艺, 郎凯琳, 井震海, 陈锋, 赵磊. 小麦籽粒铜含量的全基因组关联分析及候选基因预测[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1604-1617.
[3]	毛嘉琦, 黄朋雨, 赵佳佳, 郑兴卫, 武棒棒, 郝宇琼, 屈非, 刘成, 马朋涛, 郑军. 山西小麦品种白粉病抗性评价及抗病基因分子检测[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1669-1681.
[4]	胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846.
[5]	陈雪燕, 何华川, 李政嘉, 董新盼, 李藕琪, 刘小云, 李丹萍, 陈志伟, 刘国霞, 吕胜源, 吴印莹, 赵振东, 曹新有, 万何平. 水培盐碱复合胁迫下‘济麦60’苗期根系有机酸分泌动态变化及其转录调控机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1859-1875.
[6]	高沛阳, 李瑾璇, 董宇奎, 石玉, 张振, 张永丽. 测墒补灌下小麦分蘖发生和成穗对施氮量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1847-1858.
[7]	马胜乾, 王志平, 陈浩天, 窦淑贤, 张燕, 邓艾兴, 张卫建, 原向阳, 宋振伟. 秸秆还田下耕作方式与氮肥施用量对东北玉米产量及土壤团聚体的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816.
[8]	张献丰, 郭利建, 李康春, 孔斌雪, 刘玉芳, 车卓, 杨德龙. 小麦ABHD6基因家族鉴定与粒重功能标记开发[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1711-1727.
[9]	张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325.
[10]	张思思, 赵向辉, 周洋, 姚云凤, 朱荣昱, 董元杰, 胡国庆, 徐通, 刘兆新. 冬闲期翻耕和绿肥还田对连作花生田土壤理化性质和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486.
[11]	王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521.
[12]	刘昕萌, 任昊, 张继波, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 王洪章. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)缓解高温影响玉米雌穗分化的生理机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572.
[13]	何万龙, 耿洪伟, 张飞飞, 米克热阿依·阿巴白克热, 罗紫洋, 李鹏程, 周钊宇, 程宇坤. 基于深度学习的小麦重要病害图像识别系统的研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1401-1417.
[14]	张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[15]	闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed