欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2221-2232.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.02221

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

水分管理和氮肥运筹对水稻养分吸收、转运及分配的影响

孙永健1,孙园园1,2,刘树金1,杨志远1,程洪彪1,贾现文1,马均1,*   

  1. SUN Yong-Jian1,SUN Yuan-Yuan1,2,LIU Shu-Jin1,YANG Zhi-Yuan1,CHENG Hong-Biao1,JIA Xian-Wen1,MA Jun1,*
  • 收稿日期:2011-04-12 修回日期:2011-07-25 出版日期:2011-12-12 网络出版日期:2011-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 马均, E-mail: majunp2002@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A05)，中国气象局西南区域气象中心2010年区域重大项目(2010-7)，四川省教育厅资助科研项目(10ZA047)和四川省育种攻关专项(2006yzgg-28)资助。

Effects of Water Management and Nitrogen Application Strategies on Nutrient Absorption, Transfer, and Distribution in Rice

1 四川农业大学水稻研究所, 四川温江611130; 2 四川省农业气象中心, 四川成都610071   

  1. 1 Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; 2 Agrometeorological Center of Sichuan Meteorological Bureau, Chengdu 610071, China
  • Received:2011-04-12 Revised:2011-07-25 Published:2011-12-12 Published online:2011-09-29
  • Contact: 马均, E-mail: majunp2002@163.com

PDF

1698

被引次数

94

摘要： 在高产施氮量180 kg hm-2条件下，以杂交稻冈优527为材料，通过“淹水灌溉”(W1)、“湿润灌溉(前期)+浅水灌溉(孕穗期)+干湿交替灌溉(抽穗至成熟期)”(W2)和“旱种”(W3) 3种灌水及不同的氮肥运筹处理，研究水分管理和氮肥运筹对水稻养分吸收、转运、分配及产量的影响，并探讨各养分间及其与产量的相互关系。结果表明，水分管理和氮肥运筹对水稻主要生育期氮、磷、钾的累积、转运、分配及产量的影响均存在显著的互作效应，水氮互作条件下各生育期氮、磷、钾间的吸收存在显著的协同效应；抽穗期氮、磷、钾的累积与各养分在结实期转运总量间，以及结实期各养分转运间均呈极显著正相关，且氮、钾在抽穗前期的累积对促进结实期各养分向籽粒的转运和提高产量影响显著，但氮肥后移比例过重(N4处理)及W3处理均会导致结实期叶片和茎鞘各养分转运总量的显著降低，氮、磷、钾降幅分别达2.73%~18.00%、8.03%~19.70%、6.52%~17.02%。据产量及其与养分吸收、转运间关系的表现，W1模式下氮肥后移量以占总施氮量的40%~60%为宜，W2模式与氮肥运筹方式为基肥:蘖肥:孕穗肥(倒四、二叶龄期分2次等量施入)=3∶3∶4组合是本试验最佳的水氮耦合运筹模式，W3模式下，应减少氮肥的后移量，氮肥后移量占总施氮量的20%~40%为宜。

关键词: 水稻, 水分管理, 氮肥运筹, 养分吸收, 转运及分配

Abstract: Hybrid rice Gangyou 527 was used to investigate the effects of three irrigation regimes (submerged irrigation, W1; dry cultivation, W3; and the treatment W2 that was damp irrigation before booting stage, shallow irrigation at booting stage, wetting-drying alternation irrigation from heading stage to mature stage) and different nitrogen (N) application ratios on absorption, transport action and distribution of N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and yield in rice under the high yield condition of 180 kg N ha-1. The results showed that there was an obvious interaction between water management and N application strategies on grain yield and N, P and K absorption and transfer at the mainly growth stages. Under water-nitrogen interaction condition, there existed significantly positive correlations between the amounts of N, P and K absorption at various growth stages, and there existed highly significantly positive correlations between the accumulations of N, P, and K at heading stage and their transfer amounts during filling stage, but excess the ratio of postponed N application to the total N rate or W3 treatment resulted in the transport amounts of N, P, and K significantly decreased during grain filling e.g. 2.73–18.00%, 8.03–19.70%, 6.52–17.02%, respectively. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between yield and the accumulations of N, P, and K with the max correlation coefficients at heading stage, mature stage, and heading stage. The accumulations of N, K before heading stage could promote nutrient transfer and yield. According to yield performance and its relationship with N, P, and K absorption characteristics, the optimum ratio of postponed N application to the total N rate was 40–60% underW1. The N application of base (30%), tillering (30%), and panicle (40%) fertilizers equally applied at stages of 4th and 2nd leaves emerged from the top under W2, was the best model in this paper referred to as the water-nitrogen application coupling management model. However, W3 treatment was suitable for using 20–40% of the ratio of postponed N application to the total N application rate.

Key words: Rice, Water management, Nitrogen application, Nutrient absorption, Transfer and distribution

[1]He Y-Q(何园球), Li C-L(李成亮), Wang X-X(王兴祥), Xiong Y-S(熊又升), Shen Q-R(沈其荣). Effect of soil moisture content and phosphorus application on phosphorus uptake by cultivated in aerobic soil. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报), 2005, 42(4): 628–633 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]Xu M-G(徐明岗), Li D-C(李冬初), Li J-M(李菊梅), Qin D-Z(秦道珠), Yagi K(八木一行), Hosen Y(宝川靖和). Effects of organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers on nutrients absorption and yield of rice in Hunan of China. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2008, 41(10): 3133–3139 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]Ao H-J(敖和军), Wang S-H(王淑红), Zou Y-B(邹应斌), Peng S-B(彭少兵), Cheng Z-W(程兆伟), Liu W(刘武), Tang Q-Y(唐启源). Characteristics of nutrient uptake and utilization of super hybrid rice under different fertilizer application rates. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2008, 41(10): 3123–3132 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]Cheng Z-W(程兆伟), Zou Y-B(邹应斌), Liu W(刘武), Mo Y-L(莫亚丽), Jiang P(蒋鹏), Zhan K(詹可). Effects of different tillage and cultivation methods on yield formation and nutrient uptake of super hybrid rice. Crop Res (作物研究), 2008, 22(4): 259–262 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]Du Y(杜永), Liu H(刘辉), Yang C(杨成), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Characteristics of nutrient absorption in super high yielding mid-season and late maturity japonica rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2007, 33(2): 208–215 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]Peng S B, Buresh R J, Huang J L, Yang J C, Zou Y B, Zhong X H, Wang G H, Zhang F S. Strategies for overcoming low agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in irrigated rice systems in China. Field Crops Res, 2006, 96: 37–47
[7]Yuan X-Y(袁小乐), Pan X-H(潘晓华), Shi Q-H(石庆华), Wu J-F(吴建富), Qi Y-X(漆映雪). Characteristics of nutrient uptake and root system distribution in super early and super late rice. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2010, 16(1): 27–32 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]Liu L-J(刘立军), Xu W(徐伟), Wu C-F(吴长付), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Characteristics of growth, development and nutrient uptake in rice under site-specific nitrogen management. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2007, 21(2): 167–173 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]Pampolino M F, Manguiat I J, Ramanathan S, Gines H C, Tan P S, Chi T T N, Rajendran R, Buresh R J. Environmental impact and economic benefits of site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) in irrigated rice systems. Agric Syst, 2007, 93: 1–24
[10]Xu G-W(徐国伟), Yang L-N(杨立年), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Liu L-J(刘立军), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Effects of wheat-residue application and site-specific nitrogen management on absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in rice plants. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(8): 1424–1434 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]Li G-H(李刚华), Zhang G-F (张国发), Chen G-L(陈功磊), Wang S-H (王绍华), Ling Q-H(凌启鸿), Ding Y-F(丁艳锋). Population characteristics of super japonica rice Ningjing 1 and Ningjing 3 and its responses to nitrogen. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2009, 35(6): 1106-1114(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]Shi H-R(史鸿儒), Zhang W-Z(张文忠), Xie W-X(解文孝), Yang Q(杨庆), Zhang Z-Y(张振宇), Han Y-D(韩亚东), Xu Z-J(徐正进), Chen W-F(陈温福). Analysis of matter production characteristics under different nitrogen application patterns of japonica super rice in north China. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(11): 1985–1993 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]Mo R-X(莫润秀), Jiang Li-G(江立庚), Guo L(郭立), Hu J-M(胡均铭), Liu K-Q(刘开强), Zhou J-M(周佳民), Liang T-F(梁天锋), Zeng K(曾可), Ding C-Q(丁成泉). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on nitrogen contents in different forms in rice plants. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2010, 24(1): 49–54 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Wu D(吴迪), Huang S-W(黄绍文), Jin J-Y(金继运). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer management, organic manure application and bed-irrigation sowing on maize yield, and nutrient uptake and translocation. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报). 2009, 15(2): 317–326 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]Haefele S M, Jabbar S M A, Siopongco J D L C, Tirol-Padre A, Amarante S T, Sta Cruz P C, Cosico W C. Nitrogen use efficiency in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under different water regimes and nitrogen levels. Field Crops Res, 2008, 107: 137–146
[16]Wang S-H(王绍华), Cao W-X(曹卫星), Ding Y-F(丁艳锋), Tian Y-C(田永超), Jiang D(姜东). Interactions of water management and nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen absorption and utilization in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2004, 37(4): 497–501 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]Sun Y-J(孙永健), Sun Y-Y(孙园园), Li X-Y(李旭毅), Zhang R-P(张荣萍), Guo X(郭翔), Ma J(马均). Effects of water-nitrogen interaction on absorption, translocation and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2010, 36(4): 655–664 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]Bao S-D(鲍士旦). Soil and Agricultural Chemical Analysis (土壤农化分析). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. pp 264–271 (in Chinese)
[19]De Varennes A, De Melo-Abreu J P, Ferreira M E. Predicting the concentration and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by field-grown green beans under non-limiting conditions. Eur J Agron, 2002, 17: 63–72
[20]Tian X-Y(田秀英), Shi X-J(石孝均). The effects of different fertilizers on the absorption and utilization of rice and wheat. J Chongqing Norm Univ (Nat Sci) (重庆师范学院学报•自然科学版), 2003, 20(2): 44–47 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]Zhu W-Q(朱维琴), Wu L-H(吴良欢), Tao Q-N(陶勤南). Effects of water and nitrogen interaction on nitrogen form and some inorganic element content in the shoots of different rice varieties. Bull Sci Tech (科技通报), 2004, 20(1): 1–5 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 田甜, 陈丽娟, 何华勤. 基于Meta-QTL和RNA-seq的整合分析挖掘水稻抗稻瘟病候选基因[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1372-1388.
[2] 郑崇珂, 周冠华, 牛淑琳, 和亚男, 孙伟, 谢先芝. 水稻早衰突变体esl-H5的表型鉴定与基因定位[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1389-1400.
[3] 周文期, 强晓霞, 王森, 江静雯, 卫万荣. 水稻OsLPL2/PIR基因抗旱耐盐机制研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1401-1415.
[4] 郑小龙, 周菁清, 白杨, 邵雅芳, 章林平, 胡培松, 魏祥进. 粳稻不同穗部籽粒的淀粉与垩白品质差异及分子机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1425-1436.
[5] 颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[6] 杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[7] 杨建昌, 李超卿, 江贻. 稻米氨基酸含量和组分及其调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1037-1050.
[8] 杨德卫, 王勋, 郑星星, 项信权, 崔海涛, 李生平, 唐定中. OsSAMS1在水稻稻瘟病抗性中的功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1119-1128.
[9] 朱峥, 王田幸子, 陈悦, 刘玉晴, 燕高伟, 徐珊, 马金姣, 窦世娟, 李莉云, 刘国振. 水稻转录因子WRKY68在Xa21介导的抗白叶枯病反应中发挥正调控作用[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1129-1140.
[10] 王小雷, 李炜星, 欧阳林娟, 徐杰, 陈小荣, 边建民, 胡丽芳, 彭小松, 贺晓鹏, 傅军如, 周大虎, 贺浩华, 孙晓棠, 朱昌兰. 基于染色体片段置换系群体检测水稻株型性状QTL[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1141-1151.
[11] 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[12] 王泽, 周钦阳, 刘聪, 穆悦, 郭威, 丁艳锋, 二宫正士. 基于无人机和地面图像的田间水稻冠层参数估测与评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1248-1261.
[13] 陈悦, 孙明哲, 贾博为, 冷月, 孙晓丽. 水稻AP2/ERF转录因子参与逆境胁迫应答的分子机制研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 781-790.
[14] 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[15] 巫燕飞, 胡琴, 周棋, 杜雪竹, 盛锋. 水稻延伸因子复合体家族基因鉴定及非生物胁迫诱导表达模式分析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 644-655.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2