作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (09): 1644-1651.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01644
赵福成1,2,景立权1,闫发宝1,陆大雷1,王桂跃2,陆卫平1,*
ZHAO Fu-Cheng1,2,JING Li-Quan1,YAN Fa-Bao1,LU Da-Lei1,WANG Gui-Yue2,LU Wei-Ping1,*
摘要:
为明确高温对甜玉米籽粒产量和品质的影响,以甜玉米厦甜1号和粤甜16为材料, 人工授粉3 d后, 利用人工气候室分别进行昼间高温(HT)35℃和正常气温(CK)处理, 研究了甜玉米籽粒灌浆过程中粒重、糖分积累和蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的动态变化。结果表明, 与正常气温相比, 高温缩短甜玉米灌浆进程, 显著降低粒重、含水量, 提高皮渣率。在最佳采收期(水分含量为68%~74%)甜玉米鲜百粒重分别下降了20.8% (厦甜1号)和16.4% (粤甜16)。在甜玉米籽粒灌浆过程中可溶性糖和蔗糖的含量随授粉后时间先升高后降低, 高温处理不利于可溶性糖和蔗糖积累, 籽粒中糖分含量降低, 淀粉含量升高。籽粒中蔗糖的合成与分解主要由磷酸蔗糖合成酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)催化, SS催化反应是可逆的。高温明显降低SPS和SS合成方向活性, 提高SS分解方向活性, 导致糖分含量降低, 品质变劣。高温缩短两品种SS(合成方向)活性峰值出现的时间, 而对于SPS活性峰值出现时间厦甜1号被缩短, 粤甜16 为不变。
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