欢迎访问作物学报,今天是

作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (01): 181-189.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00181

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

辽西地区不同种植模式对春玉米产量形成及其生长发育特性的影响

白伟1,2,孙占祥1,*,郑家明1,侯志研1,刘洋1,冯良山1,杨宁1   

  1. 1辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 / 辽宁省旱作节水工程中心, 辽宁沈阳110161; 2 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 辽宁沈阳110161
  • 收稿日期:2013-04-10 修回日期:2013-07-25 出版日期:2014-01-12 网络出版日期:2013-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 孙占祥, E-mail: sunzhanxiang@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103001)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD09B00)资助。

Effect of Different Planting Patterns on Maize Growth and Yield in Western Liaoning Province

BAI Wei1,2,SUN Zhan-Xiang1,*,ZHENG Jia-Ming1,HOU Zhi-Yan1,LIU Yang1,FENG Liang-Shan1,YANG Ning1   

  1. 1 Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Engineering Research Centre for Dryland and Water-Efficient Farming of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110161, China; 2 College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China?
  • Received:2013-04-10 Revised:2013-07-25 Published:2014-01-12 Published online:2013-09-29
  • Contact: 孙占祥, E-mail: sunzhanxiang@sohu.com

摘要:

改变玉米田间种植模式是提高玉米单产的重要措施之一。本文在大田试验条件下, 以耐密品种(郑单958)和中密品种(沈玉21)研究了三比空密疏密、大垄双行和等行距(CK) 3种种植模式对春玉米产量形成及其生长发育特征的影响。结果表明, 田间种植形式的改变可以显著影响玉米群体产量及其生长发育特征。耐密品种以大垄双行种植模式为宜, 可以增加玉米的株高、茎粗, 提高叶面积和光能利用率, 促进干物质积累, 两年平均产量为8882.36 kg hm-2, 比对照增加6.51%, 增产的原因是百粒重和穗行数的显著提高; 中密品种以大垄双行和三比空种植模式为宜, 两种种植模式均可增加玉米的株高、茎粗, 提高叶面积和光能利用率, 促进干物质积累, 且与耐密品种表现不同, 两年平均产量分别为8294.58 kg hm-28188.30 kg hm-2, 比对照增加21.36%19.81%, 增产的原因是行粒数的显著增加。因此, 笔者认为在辽西地区特定的自然条件下大垄双行是提高玉米单产的最佳种植模式。

关键词: 种植模式, 玉米, 生长发育, 产量, 辽西地区

Abstract:

The study of planting patterns is critical to improving maize yield. Based on a field experiment,we investigated the effect of three planting patterns (three ratio space, big ridge double line and equal line) on maize growth, photosynthetic characteristics and yield using two varieties suitable for high-density (Zhengdan 958) and middle-density (Shenyu 21). Our results indicated that the yield and growth of maize were dramatically influenced by various planting patterns. High-density variety was suitable for using the pattern of big ridge double line which promoted plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and photosynthetic efficiency of maize. The yield averaged 8882.36 kg ha-1 for two years, with an increasing rate of 6.51% compared with the control. This increase in biomass was largely contributed by hundred-grain weight and number of lines per ear. But differently, middle-density variety, planted with both patterns of big ridge double line and three ratio spaces, showed a higher yield. These two planting patterns could also increase plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and photosynthetic efficiency in maize. The 2-year-averaged yields were 8294.58 kg ha-1 and 8188.30 kg ha-1, for the two patterns of big ridge double line and equal line, respectively. An increasing rate of 21.36% for big ridge double line and 19.81% for equal line spacing were observed compared with the control, which mainly contributed by the high number of kernels per line. Our results indicated that big ridge double line is an optimal planting pattern to improve maize yield in the western Liaoning Province.

Key words: Planting pattern, Maize, Growth, Yield, Western Liaoning Province

[1]Li F-H(李凤海), Shi Z-S(史振声), Zhang S-H(张世煌), Wang Z-B(王志斌), Wang H-W(王宏伟), Lü X-L(吕香玲), Zhu M(朱敏), Liu H-J(刘红军). Study and consideration on less normal density problem of maize in Liaoning Province. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2010, 18(3): 113–116 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[2]Hou Z-Y(侯志研), Wang D-W(王大为), Zheng J-M(郑家明), Fu J-C(付景昌), Bai W(白伟), Zhao K-H(赵奎华). Studies on variety and different technical patterns of super high-yield maize in area of western Liaoning Province. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2011, 19(2): 101–104 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[3]Zhao M(赵明), Li J-G(李建国), Zhang B(张宾), Dong Z-Q(董志强), Wang M-Y(王美云). The compensatory mechanism in exploring crop production potential. Acta Agron Sin(作物学报), 2006, 32(10): 1566–1573 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[4]Li S-K(李少昆), Wang C-T(王崇桃). Crop plant type and canopy structure of information acquisition and expression method (review). J Shihezi Univ (Nat Sci Edn)(石河子大学学报?自然科学版), 1997, 1(3): 250–256 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[5]Chen G-P(陈国平), Wang R-H(王荣焕), Zhao J-R(赵久然). Analysis on yield structural model and key factors of maize high-yield plots. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2009, 17(4): 89–93 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[6]Yang G-H(杨国虎), Li X(李新), Wang C-L(王承莲), Luo X-N(罗湘宁). Study on effects of plant densities on the yield and the related characters of maize hybrids. Acta Agric Boreali-Occident Sin (西北农业学报), 2006, 15(5): 57–60 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[7]Shen X-Y(沈秀瑛), Dai J-Y(戴俊英), Hu A-C(胡安畅), Gu W-L(顾慰连), Zheng B(郑波). Study on canopy characteristics and light interception and production relations of maize. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 1993, 19(3): 246–252 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]Yang J-S(杨今胜), Wang Y-J(王永军), Zhang J-W(张吉旺), Liu P(刘鹏), Li C-F(李从锋), Zhu Y-G(朱元刚), Hao M-B(郝梦波), Liu J-G(柳京国), Li D-H(李登海), Dong S-T(董树亭). Dry matter production and photosynthesis characteristics of three hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.) with super-high-yielding potential. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2011, 37(2): 355–361 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]Andrade F H, Calvino P, Cirilo A, Barbieri P. Yield responses to narrow rows depend on increased radiation interception. Agron J, 2002, 94: 975–980



[10]Reta-Sanchez D G, Fowler J L. Canopy light environment and yield of narrow-row cotton as affected by canopy architecture. Agron J, 2002, 94: 1317–1323



[11]Wang J-Y(王敬亚), Qi H(齐华), Liang Y(梁熠), Wang X-B(王晓波), Wu Y-N(吴亚男), Bai X-L(白向历), Liu M(刘明), Meng X-H(孟显华), Xu J(许晶). Effect of different planting patterns on the photosynthesis capacity dry matter accumulation and yield of spring maize. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2009, 17(5): 113–115 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]Gao Y-N(高亚男), Cao Q-J(曹庆军), Han H-F(韩海飞), Cui J-H(崔金虎), Wang H-Y(王洪预). Effect of different row spacings on yield and chloroplast rats of spring maize. J Maize Sci(玉米科学), 2010, 18(2): 73–76 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[13]Sun Z-X(孙占祥), Liu W-R(刘武仁), Lai Y-C(来永才), eds. Farming System of Northeast(东北农作制). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2010 (in Chinese)



[14]Bao S-D(鲍士旦), ed. Soil Agricultural Chemistry Analysis (土壤农化分析). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000 (in Chinese)



[15]Zheng Y(郑毅), Zhang L-J(张立军), Cui Z-H(崔振海), Wu D(吴迪). Planting density of different plant type of summer maize canopy structure and photosynthetic potential impact. Jiangsu Agric Sci (江苏农业科学), 2010, (3): 116–118 (in Chinese)



[16]Zhu Y-G(朱元刚), Dong S-T(董树亭), Zhang J-W(张吉旺), Liu P(刘鹏), Yang J-S(杨今胜), Jia C-L(贾春兰), Liu J-G(柳京国), Li D-H(李登海). Effects of cropping patterns on photosynthesis character istics of summer maize and its utilization of solar and heat resources. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 2010, 21(6): 1417–1424 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[17]Yang J-S(杨吉顺), Gao H-Y(高辉远), Liu P(刘鹏), Li G(李耕), Dong S-T(董树亭), Zhang J-W(张吉旺), Wang J-F(王敬锋). Effects of planting density and row spacing on canopy apparent photosynthesis of high-yield summer corn. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2010, 36(7): 1226–1233 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Yang L-H(杨丽华), Zhang L-H(张丽华), Zhang Q-G(张全国), Yao Y-R(姚艳荣), Jia X-L(贾秀领), Ma R-K(马瑞崑). Effect to row spacing pattem on yield and plant height uniformity in highly-densed summer maize. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2006, 14(6): 122–124 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[19]Lü L-H(吕丽华), Tao H-B(陶洪斌), Xia L-K(夏来坤), Zhang Y-J(张雅杰), Zhao M(赵明), Zhao J-R(赵久然), Wang P(王璞). Canopy structure and photosynthesis traits of summer maize under different planting densities. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(3): 447–455 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[20]Dong S-T(董树亭), Gao R-Q(高荣岐), Hu C-H(胡昌浩), Wang Q-Y(王群瑛), Wang K-J(王空军). Study of canopy photosynthe-sis property and high yield potential after anthesis in maize. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 1997, 23(3): 318–325 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[21]Fan H-M(范厚明), Yu L(余莉), Yu H-M(余慧明). Effect of different planting methods on growth and yield of maize. Guizhou Agric Sci (贵州农业科学), 2003, 31(4): 25–26 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[22]Wu Z-H(武志海), Zhang Z-A(张治安), Chen Z-Y(陈展宇), Xu K-Z(徐克章). Researched on characteristics of canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristic of maize planting in double lines at one width ridge. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2005, 13(4): 62–65 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[23]Liang Y(梁熠), Qi H(齐华), Wang J-Y(王敬亚), Bai X-L(白向历), Wang X-B(王晓波), Liu M(刘明), Meng X-H(孟显华), Xu J(许晶). Effect of growth and yield of maize under wide and narrow row cultivation. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2009, 17(4): 97–100 (in Chinese with English abstract) 



[24]Yang K-J(杨克军), Li M(李明), Li Z-H(李振华). Effect of cultivation way and community construction on material accumulation and yield formation of frigid corn. Chin Agric Sci Bull (中国农学通报), 2005, 21(11): 157–157 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[25]Lu-X-Z(陆雪珍), Shen X-F(沈雪芳), Shen C-B(沈才标), Xu X-M(徐晓梅), Zhang W-X(张文献). Study on yields and correlated characters of way corn under different planting densities. Acta Agric Shanghai (上海农业学报), 2008, 24(2): 61–64 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[1] 肖颖妮, 于永涛, 谢利华, 祁喜涛, 李春艳, 文天祥, 李高科, 胡建广. 基于SNP标记揭示中国鲜食玉米品种的遗传多样性[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1301-1311.
[2] 崔连花, 詹为民, 杨陆浩, 王少瓷, 马文奇, 姜良良, 张艳培, 杨建平, 杨青华. 2个玉米ZmCOP1基因的克隆及其转录丰度对不同光质处理的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1312-1324.
[3] 王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450.
[4] 王旺年, 葛均筑, 杨海昌, 阴法庭, 黄太利, 蒯婕, 王晶, 汪波, 周广生, 傅廷栋. 大田作物在不同盐碱地的饲料价值评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1451-1462.
[5] 颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[6] 杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[7] 陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515.
[8] 徐田军, 张勇, 赵久然, 王荣焕, 吕天放, 刘月娥, 蔡万涛, 刘宏伟, 陈传永, 王元东. 宜机收籽粒玉米品种冠层结构、光合及灌浆脱水特性[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1526-1536.
[9] 李祎君, 吕厚荃. 气候变化背景下农业气象灾害对东北地区春玉米产量影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1537-1545.
[10] 单露英, 李俊, 李亮, 张丽, 王颢潜, 高佳琪, 吴刚, 武玉花, 张秀杰. 转基因玉米NK603基体标准物质研制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1059-1070.
[11] 石艳艳, 马志花, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 李荣. 垄作沟覆地膜对旱地马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297.
[12] 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[13] 柯健, 陈婷婷, 吴周, 朱铁忠, 孙杰, 何海兵, 尤翠翠, 朱德泉, 武立权. 沿江双季稻北缘区晚稻适宜品种类型及高产群体特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 1005-1016.
[14] 袁大双, 邓琬玉, 王珍, 彭茜, 张晓莉, 姚梦楠, 缪文杰, 朱冬鸣, 李加纳, 梁颖. 甘蓝型油菜BnMAPK2基因的克隆及功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 840-850.
[15] 许静, 高景阳, 李程成, 宋云霞, 董朝沛, 王昭, 李云梦, 栾一凡, 陈甲法, 周子键, 吴建宇. 过表达ZmCIPKHT基因增强植物耐热性[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 851-859.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!