作物学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (07): 993-1002.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00993
钟思荣1,陈仁霄2,陶瑶1,龚丝雨1,何宽信2,张启明2,张世川1,刘齐元1,*
ZHONG Si-Rong1,CHEN Ren-Xiao2,TAO Yao1,GONG Si-Yu1,HE Kuan-Xin2,ZHANG Qi-Ming2,ZHANG Shi-Chuan1,LIU Qi-Yuan1,*
摘要:
筛选耐低氮及氮高效的烟草基因型是提高氮素利用效率,减少氮污染的一种有效途径。本文采用营养液培养方法,于苗期以低氮(0.5 mmol L–1)和正常氮(5.0 mmol L–1)处理74个不同基因型烟草,通过指标统计、因子分析、聚类分析来确定评价指标及筛选出耐低氮基因型,并结合氮效率综合值分析表明,在低氮和正常氮条件下,不同基因型烟草的根系体积、根系生物量、茎叶氮累积量、地上部生物量变异系数均较大,分别为0.37~0.68和0.38~0.64。低氮和正常氮的主成分基本相似,在不同供氮条件下茎叶氮累积量、地上部生物量均起主要作用。筛选出15个耐低氮基因型,占供试材料的20.3%,其中8个属于低氮高效正常氮低效型,占耐低氮基因型的53.3%,6个属于低氮低效正常氮低效型,占40.0%,1个属于低氮高效正常氮高效型,占0.7%;筛选出8个低氮敏感基因型,其中6个属于低氮低效正常氮高效型,占75.0%,2个属于低氮低效正常氮低效型,占25.0%。初步确定14P9为耐低氮、氮高效基因型,中烟100和K394为低氮敏感、氮低效基因型。
[1] Sreeramamuthy C H, Arishukumar P H, Nageswararao C R. Change in concentration of nitrogenous constituents in flue-cured tobacco leaf as affected by nitrogen fertilization in Vertisols. Tob Res, 1996, 22: 22–25 [2] Drake M P, Vann M C, Fisher L R. Influence of nitrogen application rate on the yield, quality, and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco, part II: Application method. Tob Sci, 2015, 52: 26–34 [3] 梁景霞, 梁康迳, 祁建民, 林文雄, 陈顺辉, 丘贵盛. 烟草不同基因型耐低氮能力差异评价. 植物遗传资源学报, 2007, 8: 451–455 Liang J X, Liang K J, Qi J M, Lin W X, Chen S H, Qiu G S. Evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance for different tobacco varieties. J Plant Genet Resour, 2007, 8: 451–455 (in Chinese with English abstract) [4] 巨晓棠, 谷保静. 我国农田氮肥施用现状、问题及趋势. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2014, 20: 783–795 Ju X T, Gu B J. Status-quo, problem and trend of nitrogen fertilization in China. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2014, 20: 783–795 (in Chinese with English abstract) [5] 黄元炯, 张生杰, 马永建, 杨铁钊. 不同烤烟品种(基因型)氮效率及耐低氮能力的差异. 烟草科技, 2013, (4): 71–77 Huang Y J, Zhang S J, Ma Y J, Yang T Z. Differential analysis of nitrogen utilization and tolerance to low nitrogen level between flue-cured tobacco cultivars (genotypes). Tob Sci Tech, 2013, (4): 71–77 (in Chinese with English abstract) [6] 刘辉, 赵竹青. 植物氮营养高效基因型筛选指标研究进展. 安徽农业科学, 2006, 34: 3265–3267 Liu H, Zhao Z Q. Research progress in the selecting standard of the plant genotype with nitrogen efficiency. J Anhui Agric Sci, 2006, 34: 3265–3267 (in Chinese with English abstract) [7] 王进军, 黄瑞冬. 玉米氮效率及其研究进展. 玉米科学, 2005, 13(1): 89–92 Wang J J, Huang R D. Nitrogen use efficiency and its research advances in maize. J Maize Sci, 2005, 13(1): 89–92 (in Chinese with English abstract) [8] 陈范骏, 米国华, 春 亮, 刘建安, 王 艳, 张福锁. 玉米氮效率的杂种优势分析. 作物学报, 2004, 30: 1014–1018 Chen F J, Mi G H, Chun L, Liu J A, Wang Y, Zhang F S. Analysis of heterosis for nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Acta Agron Sin, 2004, 30: 1014–1018 (in Chinese with English abstract) [9] 徐福荣, 汤翠凤, 余藤琼, 严红梅, 周海, 李俊, 蒋会兵, 叶昌荣, 戴陆园. 利用叶绿素仪SPAD值筛选耐低氮水稻种质. 分子植物育种, 2005, 3: 695–700 Xu F R, Tang C F, Yu T Q, Yan H M, Zhou H, Li J, Jiang H B, Ye C R, Dai L Y. Screening of rice germplasms for tolerance to low-nitrogen using SPAD-value by chlorophyll meter. Mol Plant Breed, 2005, 3: 695–700 (in Chinese with English abstract) [10] 黄高宝, 张恩和, 胡恒觉. 不同玉米品种氮素营养效率差异的生态生理机制. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2001, 7: 293–297 Huang G B, Zhang E H, Hu H J. Eco-physiological mechanism on nitrogen use efficiencydifference of corn varieties. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2001, 7: 293–297 (in Chinese with English abstract) [11] Machado A T, Magalhaes J R, Magnavaca R, Silva M R. Enzyme activities involved with nitrogen metabolism in different maize genotypes. Rev Bras Fisiol Veg, 1992, 4: 45–47 [12] Muchow R C. Effect of nitrogen supply on the comparative productivity of maize and sorghum in a semi-arid tropical environment III Grain yield and nitrogen accumulation. Field Crops Res, 1988, 18: 31–43 [13] 向春阳, 常强, 马兴林, 关义新, 凌碧莹, 张宝石. 玉米不同基因型对氮营养胁迫的反应. 黑龙江八一农垦大学学报, 2002, 14(4): 5–7 Xiang Y C, Chang Q, Ma X L, Guan Y X, Ling B X, Zhang B S. Response to nitrogen stress on maize genotypes. J Heilongjiang Aug First land Reclam Univ, 2002, 14(4): 5–7 (in Chinese with English abstract) [14] 梁景霞, 梁康迳, 林文雄, 祁建民, 陈顺辉, 丘贵盛. 烟草氮素营养的基因型差异初探. 中国烟草学报, 2007, 13(6): 36–40 Liang J X, Liang K J, Lin W X, Qi J M, Chen S G, Qiu G S. Primary study of genotypic differences in nitrogen nutrition in tobacco germplasms. Acta Tab Sin, 2007, 13(6): 36–40 (in Chinese with English abstract) [15] 杨中义, 张发明, 李永智, 肖志新, 李永亮, 刘莉莉, 宋鹏飞, 周冀衡. 不同烤烟品种对氮素胁迫响应差异的研究. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 26: 240–245 Yang Z Y, Zhang F M, Li Y Z, Xiao Z X, Li Y L, Liu L L, Song P F, Zhou J H. Evaluation of low nitrogen stress for different tobacco varieties. J Yunnan Agric Univ(Nat Sci), 2011, 26: 240–245 (in Chinese with English abstract) [16] 刘巧真, 郭芳阳, 梁涛, 曹华民, 吴照辉, 闫小毛, 陈廷贵. 幼苗期不同烤烟品种对氮营养响应的差异研究. 湖北农业科学, 2015, 54: 2950–2953 Liu Q Z, Guo F Y, Liang T, Cao H M, Wu Z H, Yan X M, Chen T G. Study on response of different flue-cured tobacco to nitrogen nutrition at seedling stage. Hubei Agric Sci, 2015, 54: 2950–2953 (in Chinese with English abstract) [17] 韩璐, 张薇. 棉花苗期氮营养高效品种筛选. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(1): 84–88 Han L, Zhang W. Screening of cotton varieties with high nitrogen efficiency at seedling stage. Chin Agric Bull, 2011, 27(1): 84–88 (in Chinese with English abstract) [18] 史宏志, 邸慧慧, 赵晓丹, 刘国顺, 马永建, 王维超, 段杰. 豫中烤烟烟碱和总氮含量与中性香气成分含量的关系. 作物学报, 2009, 35: 1299–1305 Shi H Z, Di H H, Zhao X D, Liu G S, Ma Y J, Wang W C, Duan J. Relationship of nicotine and total nitrogen contents with neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco in central area of Henan province. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35: 1299–1305 (in Chinese with English abstract) [19] 陈晨, 龚海青, 张敬智, 徐寓军, 郜红建. 不同基因型水稻苗期氮营养特性差异及综合评价. 中国生态农业学报, 2016, 24: 1347–1355 Chen C, Gong H Q, Zhang J Z, Xu Y J, Gao H J. Nitrogen nutrition characteristics and comprehensive evaluation on different rice cultivars at the seedling stage. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2016, 24: 1347–1355 (in Chinese with English abstract) [20] 陈文荣, 曾玮玮, 李云霞, 李永强, 郭卫东. 高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱性综合评价. 园艺学报, 2012, 39: 637–646 Chen W R, Zeng W W, Li Y X, Li Y Q, Guo W D. The physiological responds of highbush blueberry to drought stress and the comprehensive evaluation on their drought resistance capacity. Acta Hort Sin, 2012, 39: 637–646 (in Chinese with English abstract) [21] 陈二影, 杨延兵, 秦岭, 张华文, 刘宾, 王海莲, 陈桂玲, 于淑婷, 管延安. 谷子苗期氮高效品种筛选及相关特性分析. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49: 3287–3297 Chen E Y, Yang Y B, Qin L, Zhang H W, Liu B, Wang H L, Chen G L, Yu S T, Guan Y A. Evaluation of nitrogen efficient cultivars of foxtail millet and analysis of the related characters at seedling stage. Sci Agric Sin, 2016, 49: 3287–3297 (in Chinese with English abstract) [22] 黄永兰, 黎毛毛, 芦明, 万建林, 龙起樟, 王会民, 唐秀英, 范志洁. 氮高效水稻种质资源筛选及相关特性分析. 植物遗传资源学报, 2015, 16: 87–93 Huang Y L, Li M M, Lu M, Wang J L, Long Q Z, Wang H M, Tang X Y, Fan Z H. Selection of rice germplasm with high nitrogen utilization efficiency and its analysis of the related characters. J Plant Genet Resour, 2015, 16: 87–93 (in Chinese with English abstract) [23] Robinson N, Fletcher A, Whan A, Critchley C, von Wirén N, Lakshmanan P, Schmidt S. Sugarcane genotypes differ in internal nitrogen use efficiency. Funct Plant Biol, 2007, 34: 1122–1129 [24] Singh U, Ladha J K, Castillo E G, Punzalan G, Tirol-Padre A. Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in medium and long-duration rice. Field Crops Res, 1998, 58: 35–53 [25] 李敏, 张洪程, 杨雄, 葛梦婕, 马群, 魏海燕, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 曹利强, 吴浩. 水稻高产氮高效型品种的根系形态生理特征. 作物学报, 2012, 38: 648–656 Li M, Zhang H C, Yang X, Ge M J, Ma Q, Wei H Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Cao L Q, Wu H. Root morphological and physiological characteristics of rice cultivars with high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency. Acta Agron Sin, 2012, 38: 648–656 (in Chinese with English abstract) [26] 李淑文, 周彦珍, 文宏达, 李雁鸣, 肖凯. 不同小麦品种氮效率和产量性状的研究. 植物遗传资源学报, 2006, 7: 204–208 Li S W, Zhou Y Z, Wen H D, Li Y M, Xiao K. Nitrogen use efficiency and yield traits in different wheat varieties. J Plant Genet Resour, 2006, 7: 204–208(in Chinese with English abstract) [27] 李强, 罗延宏, 谭杰, 孔凡磊, 杨世民, 袁继超. 玉米杂交种苗期耐低氮指标的筛选与综合评价. 中国生态农业学报, 2014, 22: 1190–1199 Li Q, Luo Y H, Tan J, Kong F L, Yang S M, Yuan J C. Indexes screening and comprehensive evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance of hybrid maize cultivars at seedling stage. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2014, 22: 1190–1199 (in Chinese with English abstract) [28] 姜爽, 吴凤芝, 关颂娜, 于敏锐. 耐低氮胁迫黄瓜品种的筛选. 中国蔬菜, 2012, (8): 51–56 Jiang S, Wu F Z, Guan S N, Yu M R. Screening of cucumber cultivars for tolerance to low nitrogen stress. China Veget, 2012, (8): 51–56 (in Chinese with English abstract) [29] Eghball B, Maranville J W. Root development and nitrogen influx of corn genotypes grown under combined drought and nitrogen stress. Agron J, 1993, 85: 147–152 [30] 赵化田, 王瑞芳, 许云峰, 安调过. 小麦苗期耐低氮基因型的筛选与评价. 中国生态农业学报, 2011, 19: 1199–1204 Zhao H T, Wang R F, Xu Y F, An D G. Screening and evaluating low nitrogen tolerant wheat genotype at seedling stage. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2011, 19: 1199–1204 (in Chinese with English abstract) [31] 王艳, 米国华, 陈范骏, 张福锁. 玉米氮素吸收的基因型差异及其与根系形态的相关性. 生态学报, 2003, 23: 297–302 Wang Y, Mi G H, Chen F J, Zhang F S. Genotypic differences in nitrogen uptake by maize inbred lines its relation to root morphology. Acta Ecol Sin, 2003, 23: 297–302 (in Chinese with English abstract) [32] 春亮, 陈范骏, 张福锁, 米国华. 不同氮效率玉米杂交种的根系生长、氮素吸收与产量形成. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11: 615–619 Chun L, Chen F J, Zhang F S, Mi G H. Root growth, nitrogen uptake and yield formation of hybrid maize with different N efficiency. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2005, 11: 615–619 (in Chinese with English abstract) [33] 裴雪霞, 王姣爱, 党建友, 张定一. 耐低氮小麦基因型筛选指标的研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2007, 13: 93–98 Pei X X, Wang J A, Dang J Y, Zhang D Y. An approach to the screening index for low nitrogen tolerant wheat genotype. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2007, 13: 93–98 (in Chinese with English abstract) [34] 张锡洲, 阳显斌, 李廷轩, 余海英. 小麦氮素利用效率的基因型差异. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22: 369–375 Zhang X Z, Yang X B, Li Y X, Yu H Y. Genotype difference in nitrogen utilization efficiency of wheat. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2011, 22: 369–375 (in Chinese with English abstract) [35] 崔文芳, 高聚林, 王志刚, 崔超, 胡树平, 于晓芳, 孙继颖, 苏治军. 玉米自交系氮效率基因型差异分析. 玉米科学, 2013, 21(3): 6–12 Cui W F, Gao J L, Wang Z G, Cui C, Hu S P, Yu X F, Sun J Y, Su Z J. Analysis on genotypic difference in nitrogen efficiency of maize inbred lines. J Maize Sci, 2013, 21(3): 6–12 (in Chinese with English abstract) [36] 程建峰, 戴廷波, 曹卫星, 姜东, 刘宜柏. 不同类型水稻种质氮素营养效率的变异分析. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2007, 13: 175–183 Cheng J F, Dai T B, Cao W X, Jiang D, Liu Y B. Variations of nitrogen nutrition efficiency in different rice germplasmtypes. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2007, 13: 175–183 (in Chinese with English abstract) [37] 李群平, 王素琴, 王海涛, 叶红朝, 张函. 洛阳烟区烤烟新品种中烟100、中烟101的生产适应性研究. 中国烟草科学, 2005, (1): 10–13 Li Q P, Wang S Q, Wang H T, Ye H C, Zhang H. Production adaptability of new flue-cured variety Zhongyan 100 and Zhongyan 101 in Luoyang. Chin Tob Sci, 2005, (1): 10–13 (in Chinese with English abstract) [38] 周金仙. 不同烤烟品种生态适应性评价. 种子, 2006, 25(2): 58–60 Zhou J X. Different flue-cured tobacco varieties ecological adaptability evaluation. Seed, 2006, 25(2): 58–60 (in Chinese) |
[1] | 郭星宇, 刘朋召, 王瑞, 王小利, 李军. 旱地冬小麦产量、氮肥利用率及土壤氮素平衡对降水年型与施氮量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1262-1272. |
[2] | 闫宇婷, 宋秋来, 闫超, 刘爽, 张宇辉, 田静芬, 邓钰璇, 马春梅. 连作秸秆还田下玉米氮素积累与氮肥替代效应研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 962-974. |
[3] | 丁红, 徐扬, 张冠初, 秦斐斐, 戴良香, 张智猛. 不同生育期干旱与氮肥施用对花生氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 695-703. |
[4] | 刘运景, 郑飞娜, 张秀, 初金鹏, 于海涛, 代兴龙, 贺明荣. 宽幅播种对强筋小麦籽粒产量、品质和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 716-725. |
[5] | 王琰, 陈志雄, 姜大刚, 张灿奎, 查满荣. 增强叶片氮素输出对水稻分蘖和碳代谢的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 739-746. |
[6] | 胡亮亮, 王素华, 王丽侠, 程须珍, 陈红霖. 绿豆种质资源苗期耐盐性鉴定及耐盐种质筛选[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 367-379. |
[7] | 张军, 周冬冬, 许轲, 李必忠, 刘忠红, 周年兵, 方书亮, 张永进, 汤洁, 安礼政. 淮北地区麦茬机插优质食味粳稻氮肥减量的精确运筹[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 410-422. |
[8] | 谢呈辉, 马海曌, 许宏伟, 徐郗阳, 阮国兵, 郭峥岩, 宁永培, 冯永忠, 杨改河, 任广鑫. 施氮量对宁夏引黄灌区麦后复种糜子生长、产量及氮素利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 463-477. |
[9] | 阮俊梅, 张俊, 刘猷红, 董文军, 孟英, 邓艾兴, 杨万深, 宋振伟, 张卫建. 田间开放式增温对东北水稻氮素利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 193-202. |
[10] | 付正豪, 马中涛, 魏海燕, 邢志鹏, 刘国栋, 胡群, 张洪程. 不同机械化栽培方式下控释肥配比对迟熟中粳水稻产量形成及氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 165-179. |
[11] | 王建国, 张佳蕾, 郭峰, 唐朝辉, 杨莎, 彭振英, 孟静静, 崔利, 李新国, 万书波. 钙与氮肥互作对花生干物质和氮素积累分配及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(9): 1666-1679. |
[12] | 柯健, 陈婷婷, 徐浩聪, 朱铁忠, 吴汉, 何海兵, 尤翠翠, 朱德泉, 武立权. 控释氮肥运筹对钵苗摆栽籼粳杂交稻甬优1540产量及氮肥利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(7): 1372-1382. |
[13] | 吴冰卉, 王桂萍, 王玉斌, 李召虎, 张明才. ACC处理对不同基因型玉米幼苗响应氮素供给的调控效应[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(5): 799-806. |
[14] | 葛敏, 王元琮, 宁丽华, 胡梦梅, 石习, 赵涵. 氮响应转录因子ZmNLP5影响玉米根系生长的功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(5): 807-813. |
[15] | 姚佳瑜, 于吉祥, 王志琴, 刘立军, 周娟, 张伟杨, 杨建昌. 水稻内源油菜素甾醇对施氮量的响应及其对颖花退化的调控作用[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(5): 894-903. |
|