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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 1185-1195.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01185

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜荞株高和茎粗的遗传分析

李英双1,**(),胡丹3,**,聂蛟1,黄科慧1,张玉珂1,张园莉1,佘恒志1,方小梅1,2,阮仁武1,2,易泽林1,2,*()   

  1. 1 西南大学农学与生物科技学院, 重庆 400716
    2 重庆市荞麦产业体系创新团队, 重庆 400716
    3 甘肃省种子管理局, 甘肃兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-09 接受日期:2018-04-11 出版日期:2018-08-10 网络出版日期:2018-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 李英双,胡丹,易泽林
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本业务费专项(XDJK2017D071);重庆市荞麦产业体系创新团队建设项目(CQCYT2017001);荞麦抗倒伏栽培技术集成与示范推广项目(cstc2017shms-xdny80024);中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M622944);重庆市博士后科研项目(Xm2017176)

Genetic Analysis of Plant Height and Stem Diameter in Common Buckwheat

Ying-Shuang LI1,**(),Dan HU3,**,Jiao NIE1,Ke-Hui HUANG1,Yu-Ke ZHANG1,Yuan-Li ZHANG1,Heng-Zhi SHE1,Xiao-Mei FANG1,2,Ren-Wu RUAN1,2,Ze-Lin YI1,2,*()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
    2 Innovation Team of Chongqing Buckwheat Industry System, Chongqing 400716, China
    3 Seed Administration Station of Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2017-11-09 Accepted:2018-04-11 Published:2018-08-10 Published online:2018-06-11
  • Contact: Ying-Shuang LI,Dan HU,Ze-Lin YI
  • Supported by:
    the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XDJK2017D071);Chongqing Buckwheat Industry System Innovation Team(CQCYT2017001);Integration and Demonstration Promotion for the Buckwheat Lodging-resistant Cultivation Technique(cstc2017shms-xdny80024);Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M622944);Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Xm2017176)

摘要:

甜荞极易倒伏, 而株高和茎粗是影响甜荞倒伏的重要性状。以高秆健壮品种酉荞2号和矮秆纤细品种乌克兰大粒荞为亲本配制正、反交组合, P1、P2、F1、B1、B2和F2群体株高和茎粗的遗传分析表明, 株高和茎粗的最适遗传模型均为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型。株高正交组合中2对主基因加性效应均为-1.39, 显性效应分别为-6.59和-7.91, B1、B2和F2群体主基因遗传率分别是45.73%、63.49%和81.12%, 多基因遗传率分别是27.41%、0.95%和0; 反交组合中2对主基因加性效应值均为-1.63, 显性效应分别为-7.03和-4.19, B1、B2和F2群体中主基因遗传率是41.51%、66.18%和81.81%, 多基因遗传率分别是11.19%、0和0。茎粗正交组合中2对主基因加性效应均为0.03, 显性效应分别为-0.50和-0.08, B1、B2和F2群体中主基因遗传率分别是37.26%、48.80%和72.10%, 多基因遗传率分别是11.18%、0和0; 反交组合中2对主基因加性效应均为-0.15, 显性效应分别为-0.30和-0.16, B1、B2和F2群体中主基因遗传率是76.22%、47.12%和82.51%, 多基因遗传率分别为0、14.53%和0。可见, 株高的主基因+多基因遗传率在80%以上, 可在低世代进行选择; 茎粗的主基因+多基因遗传率在80%以下, 采取合理的栽培措施可以提高荞麦抗倒伏能力。

关键词: 甜荞, 株高, 茎粗, 数量性状, 遗传分析

Abstract:

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.) is susceptible to lodging, and plant height and stem diameter are recognized as important traits for lodging resistance. In this study, we developed the Pl, P2, Fl, F2, Bl, and B2 populations from the reciprocal crosses between Youqiao 2 (YQ2, lodging-resistance) and Ukraine daliqiao (UD, lodging-susceptible) and analyzed the genetic effects of plant height and stem diameter. The heredity of both traits optimally fitted to the genetic model for two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance effects. For plant height in the orthogonal combination, additive effects of both two major genes were -1.39 and the dominant effects were -6.59 and -7.91. Heritability values of the major genes in B1, B2, and F2 were 45.73%, 63.49%, and 81.12%, and those of polygenes were 27.41%, 0.95%, and 0, respectively. For plant height in the back cross, additive effects of both two major genes were -1.63 and the dominant effects were -7.03 and -4.19, respectively. Heritability values of the major genes in B1, B2, and F2 were 41.51%, 66.18%, and 81.81%, and those of polygenes were 11.19%, 0, and 0, respectively. For stem diameter in the orthogonal combination, the two major genes had 0.03 and 0.03 of additive effect and -0.50 and -0.08 of dominant effect. Heritability values of the major genes in B1, B2 and F2 were 37.26%, 48.80%, and 72.10%, and those of polygenes were 11.18%, 0, and 0, respectively. For stem diameter in the back cross, the two major genes possessed -0.15 and -0.15 of additive effect and -0.30 and -0.16 of dominant effect. The estimated heritability values in B1, B2, and F2 were 76.22%, 47.12%, and 82.51%, respectively, for the major genes and 0, 14.53%, and 0, respectively, for the polygenes. These results suggest that plant height can be selected in early generations because the heritability of major genes plus polygenes was larger than 80%, whereas proper cultivation practice may enhance lodging resistance of buckwheat because the heritability of major genes plus polygenes was lower than 80%.

Key words: common buckwheat, plant height, stem diameter, quantitative trait, genetic analysis

表1

正、反交组合6个世代的株高与茎粗"

亲本组合
Parent
combination
世代
Generation
株数
No. of plants
株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter
平均值±标准差
Mean±SD (cm)
变异系数
CV (%)
平均值±标准差
Mean±SD (mm)
变异系数
CV (%)
亲本 Parent P1 25 106.08±8.05 7.59 6.10±0.94 6.49
P2 25 75.32±6.01 7.98 4.80±0.59 8.14
P1 × P2 F1 28 93.04±8.64 9.29 5.30±0.70 7.57
B1 153 100.12±10.21 10.20 5.99±0.91 6.58
B2 165 84.87±8.90 10.49 6.02±0.82 7.34
F2 274 94.67±10.23 10.81 6.50±1.00 6.50
P2 × P1 F1 28 87.54±6.62 7.56 5.10±0.64 7.97
B1 136 87.04±5.96 6.85 5.10±0.70 7.29
B2 133 91.51±6.36 6.95 5.40±0.70 7.71
F2 303 90.17±7.61 8.44 5.73±0.75 7.64

附图1

正交组合6世代株高的次数分布"

附图2

反交组合6世代株高的次数分布"

附图3

正交组合6世代茎粗的次数分布"

附图4

反交组合6世代茎粗的次数分布"

附表1

正反交组合株高与茎粗表型分布的极大对数似然函数值和AIC值"

模型
Model
模型含义
Implication of model
P1 × P2 P2 × P1
株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter 株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter
极大对数似然函数值 log max likelihood value
A-1 1MG-AD -2471.03 -911.79 -2221.06 -831.34
A-2 1MG-A -2471.27 -913.18 -2220.93 -835.71
A-3 1MG-EAD -2517.11 -912.04 -2252.92 -831.55
A-4 1MG-AEND -2542.66 -907.83 -2287.76 -841.14
B-1 2MG-ADI -2462.85 -854.59 -2190.52 -814.82
B-2 2MG-AD -2466.77 -910.59 -2221.34 -832.65
B-3 2MG-A -2524.10 -934.20 -2281.29 -874.56
B-4 2MG-EA -2466.05 -913.57 -2213.12 -837.46
B-5 2MG-AED -2499.91 -911.93 -2230.42 -833.39
B-6 2MG-EEAD -2499.91 -911.93 -2230.42 -833.39
C-0 PG-ADI -2473.89 -859.01 -2175.84 -809.55
C-1 PG-AD -2467.03 -905.21 -2214.12 -838.68
D-0 MX1-AD-ADI -2461.91 -853.03 -2174.53 -803.64
D-1 MX1-AD-AD -2466.94 -906.60 -2215.13 -838.79
D-2 MX1-A-AD -2461.37 -893.08 -2214.78 -825.99
D-3 MX1-EAD-AD -2466.32 -908.12 -2215.29 -838.44
D-4 MX1-AEND-AD -2466.40 -905.01 -2215.31 -837.98
E-0 MX2-ADI-ADI -2454.25 -843.30 -2174.53 -803.63
E-1 MX2-ADI-AD -2450.50 -844.42 -2161.64 -791.16
E-2 MX2-AD-AD -2466.33 -908.12 -2215.29 -838.44
E-3 MX2-A-AD -2467.93 -906.89 -2214.68 -930.84
E-4 MX2-EA-AD -2466.25 -908.12 -2215.29 -838.44
E-5 MX2-AED-AD -2466.32 -908.12 -2215.29 -838.44
E-6 MX2-EEAD-AD -2466.32 -908.12 -2215.29 -838.44
AIC值 AIC value
A-1 1MG-AD 4950.06 1831.59 4450.11 1670.67
A-2 1MG-A 4948.55 1832.36 4447.86 1677.43
A-3 1MG-EAD 5040.22 1830.08 4511.84 1669.09
A-4 1MG-AEND 5091.33 1821.66 4581.52 1688.29
B-1 2MG-ADI 4945.70 1729.19 4401.03 1649.64
B-2 2MG-AD 4945.53 1833.19 4454.67 1677.30
B-3 2MG-A 5056.20 1876.39 4570.58 1757.12
B-4 2MG-EA 4938.09 1833.14 4432.25 1680.93
B-5 2MG-AED 5007.81 1831.85 4468.85 1674.77
模型
Model
模型含义
Implication of model
P1 × P2 P2 × P1
株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter 株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter
B-6 2MG-EEAD 5005.81 1829.85 4466.85 1672.78
C-0 PG-ADI 4967.78 1738.03 4371.69 1639.09
C-1 PG-AD 4948.06 1824.42 4442.24 1691.36
D-0 MX1-AD-ADI 4947.82 1730.07 4373.05 1631.28
D-1 MX1-AD-AD 4951.88 1831.20 4448.26 1695.57
D-2 MX1-A-AD 4938.73 1802.15 4445.57 1667.97
D-3 MX1-EAD-AD 4948.64 1832.24 4446.58 1692.87
D-4 MX1-AEND-AD 4948.81 1826.03 4446.63 1691.95
E-0 MX2-ADI-ADI 4944.51 1722.60 4385.05 1643.27
E-1 MX2-ADI-AD 4931.01 1718.83 4353.28 1612.32
E-2 MX2-AD-AD 4954.65 1838.24 4452.58 1698.87
E-3 MX2-A-AD 4953.87 1831.77 4447.37 1879.68
E-4 MX2-EA-AD 4948.50 1832.24 4446.58 1692.87
E-5 MX2-AED-AD 4950.64 1834.24 4448.58 1694.87
E-6 MX2-EEAD-AD 4948.65 1832.24 4446.58 1692.87

表2

正反交组合后代株高与茎粗备选遗传模型的适合性检验"

模型含义
Implication of model
株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter
模型
Model
U12 U22 U32 nW2 Dn 模型
Model
U12 U22 U32 nW2 Dn
P1 × P2
2MG-EA B-4 0 0 0 0 0 B-1 0 0 2 0 0
MX1-A-AD D-2 0 0 0 0 0 E-0 0 0 0 0 0
MX2-ADI-AD E-1 0 0 0 0 0 E-1 0 0 0 0 0
P2 × P1
2MG-EA C-0 0 2 0 1 0 C-0 1 2 0 2 0
MX1-A-AD D-0 0 0 0 0 0 D-0 0 0 0 0 0
MX2-ADI-AD E-1 0 0 0 0 0 E-1 0 0 0 0 0

表3

正、反交组合株高与茎粗一阶遗传参数估计值"

遗传参数
Genetic parameter
P1 × P2 P2 × P1
株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter 株高 Plant height 茎粗 Stem diameter
m 102.81 7.01 97.10 6.53
da -1.39 0.03 -1.63 -0.15
db -1.39 0.03 -1.63 -0.15
ha -6.59 -0.50 -7.03 -0.30
hb -7.91 -0.08 -4.19 -0.16
i -12.06 -1.55 -6.30 -1.13
jab 8.44 0.04 6.82 -0.27
jba -9.48 -0.41 10.88 0.86
l 10.86 -0.63 8.06 0.07
[d] 18.13 0.31 -11.46 -0.32
[h] -6.03 -0.23 -6.24 -1.31
ha/da 4.73 -15.53 4.31 2.04
hb/db 5.68 -2.35 2.57 1.08

表4

正、反交组合株高与茎粗二阶遗传参数估计值"

组合
Combination
遗传参数
Genetic parameter
B1 B2 F2
株高
Plant height
茎粗
Stem diameter
株高
Plant height
茎粗
Stem diameter
株高
Plant height
茎粗
Stem diameter
P1 × P2 σp2 104.83 0.82 79.15 0.76 113.91 1.16
σmg2 47.94 0.31 50.25 0.33 85.76 0.74
σpg2 28.74 0.09 0.75 0 0 0
σe2 28.15 0.42 28.15 0.42 28.15 0.42
hmg2 (%) 45.73 37.26 63.49 48.80 81.12 72.10
hpg2 (%) 27.41 11.18 0.95 0 0 0
P2 × P1 σp2 35.55 0.63 43.58 0.56 64.19 0.68
σmg2 14.76 0.42 26.76 0.26 47.37 0.47
σpg2 3.98 0 0 0.08 0 0
σe2 16.82 0.21 16.82 0.21 16.82 0.21
hmg2 (%) 41.51 76.22 66.18 47.12 81.81 82.51
hpg2 (%) 11.19 0 0 14.53 0 0
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