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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 1346-1356.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11055

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦穗部性状和株高的QTL定位及育种标记开发和验证

胡文静1,2,*(), 李东升1, 裔新1,3, 张春梅1, 张勇1,2,*()   

  1. 1江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 / 农业农村部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225007
    2扬州大学 / 江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心 / 江苏省植物功能基因组学重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225009
    3淮阴师范学院 / 江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室, 江苏淮安 223300
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-18 接受日期:2021-10-19 出版日期:2022-06-12 网络出版日期:2021-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 胡文静,张勇
  • 作者简介:E-mail: huren2008@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31901544);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0100801);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101802)

Molecular mapping and validation of quantitative trait loci for spike-related traits and plant height in wheat

HU Wen-Jing1,2,*(), LI Dong-Sheng1, YI Xin1,3, ZHANG Chun-Mei1, ZHANG Yong1,2,*()   

  1. 1Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu, China
    2Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
    3Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake / Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an 223300, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2021-06-18 Accepted:2021-10-19 Published:2022-06-12 Published online:2021-11-15
  • Contact: HU Wen-Jing,ZHANG Yong
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901544);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0100801);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0101802)

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摘要：

穗部性状和株高是小麦育种的重要指标。以扬麦13 (Yangmai 13, 简称YM13)和CIMMYT引进种质人工合成小麦衍生系C615为亲本构建重组自交系群体为研究材料, 基于小麦90K SNP芯片基因型数据, 结合3个环境下表型结果, 分别检测到1个每穗结实总小穗数、2个穗长、2个结实小穗着生密度和3个株高的位点。其中, 每穗结实总小穗数位点QSN.yaas-3B与株高位点QPH.yaas-3B处于同一位置, 穗长位点QSL.yaas-5A、结实小穗着生密度位点QSC.yaas-5A和株高位点QPH.yaas-5A处于同一位置, 穗长位点QSL.yaas-6A和结实小穗着生密度的位点QSC.yaas-6A处于同一位置。比对结果显示QSN.yaas-3B/QPH.yaas-3B和QSL.yaas-6A/QSC.yaas-6A位点均未见报道。进一步将QSL.yaas-5A/QSC.yaas-5A/ QPH.yaas-5A位点紧密连锁SNP标记转化为KASP标记QC615-5A-KASP, 并在105份小麦品系中初步验证其育种效应。研究结果可为小麦产量相关性状分子育种提供参考。

关键词: 小麦, 90K SNP, 穗部性状, 株高, QTL, KASP标记, 标记辅助育种

Abstract:

Spike-related traits and plant height are important target traits in wheat breeding. In the present study, a population of 198 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between a CIMMYT wheat line C615 and Yangmai 13 (YM13) was constructed, followed by genotyping with Wheat 90K SNP array and phenotyping of spike-related traits and plant height in three environments to excavate QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for these traits. Using composite interval mapping method, we identified one QTL for total spikelet number per spike (TSS), two QTLs for spike length (SL), two QTLs for spikelet compactness (SC), and three QTLs for plant height (PH). QSN.yaas-3B and QPH.yaas-3B overlapped on the chromosome 3B. QSL.yaas-5A, QSC.yaas-5A and QPH.yaas-5A overlapped on the chromosome 5A. QSL.yaas-6A and QSC.yaas-6A overlapped on the chromosome 6A. QSN.yaas-3B/QPH.yaas-3B and QSL.yaas-6A/QSC.yaas-6A had not been reported yet, and were likely to be novel loci. The SNP marker closely linked to QSL.yaas-5A/QSC.yaas-5A/QPH.yaas-5A was then converted into one Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) marker (QC615-5A-KASP), and validated in a panel of 105 wheat lines. The results would be useful for improvement of yield related traits in wheat breeding.

Key words: wheat, 90K SNP, spike-related traits, plant height, QTLs, KASP markers, marker-assisted selection

表1

C615/扬麦13的亲本和RIL群体穗部性状和株高的变异"

亲本 Parent RIL群体 RIL population
性状
Trait		 C615 YM13 平均值 Mean 最大值
Max.		 最小值
Min.		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis		 遗传力
Heritability
每穗结实总小穗数 TSS 20.56 A 19.02 A 19.36 22.25 16.34 -0.04 0.49 0.68
穗长 SL (cm) 10.51 A 11.30 A 11.61 13.78 9.80 0.30 -0.23 0.79
结实小穗着生密度 SC (No. cm-1) 1.96 A 1.69 B 1.68 2.06 1.40 0.10 -0.41 0.81
株高 PH (cm) 121.52 A 88.92 B 106.71 134.10 81.66 0.06 -0.35 0.90

表2

每穗结实小穗数、穗长、结实小穗着生密度和株高QTL"

性状
Trait		 位点
QTL		 环境
Environment		 遗传位置
Genetic position (cM)		 物理位置
Physical position (Mb)		 标记区间
Marker interval		 LOD 表型贡献率
PVE (%)		 加性效应*
Add*
每穗结实总小穗数 TSS QSN.yaas-3B 17YZ 72.10 31.11 Excalibur_c24391_321-BS00070455_51 3.00 6.12 -0.38
穗长 SL QSL.yaas-5A 17YZ 146.10 519.89 wsnp_Ex_c5626_9897389-BS00069175_51 10.70 16.78 -0.43
QSL.yaas-6A 15YZ 214.10 0.62 wsnp_Ku_c7471_12865307-wsnp_Ku_c34036_43438136 9.11 13.66 -0.40
结实小穗着生密度 SC QSC.yaas-5A 15YZ 145.70 519.89 RAC875_c8690_446-wsnp_Ex_c5626_9897389 5.59 12.90 0.05
16YZ 146.20 wsnp_Ex_c5626_9897389-BS00069175_51 9.21 19.34 0.06
17YZ 144.40 BS00068178_51-RAC875_c8690_446 11.59 25.31 0.07
QSC.yaas-6A 15YZ 213.60 0.62 wsnp_Ku_c7471_12865307-wsnp_Ku_c34036_43438136 3.98 12.05 0.05
株高 PH QPH.yaas-3B 15YZ 73.20 31.11 Excalibur_c24391_321-BS00070455_51 5.35 7.07 3.89
16YZ 76.00 Excalibur_c24391_321-BS00070455_51 6.26 6.43 4.00
17YZ 76.00 Excalibur_c24391_321-BS00070455_51 2.61 2.85 2.51
QPH.yaas-4D 16YZ 61.00 18.72 Kukri_rep_c101259_81-Rht-D1_SNP 8.41 13.08 7.10
17YZ 62.80 Kukri_rep_c101259_81-Rht-D1_SNP 9.66 14.42 7.62
QPH.yaas-5A 16YZ 144.60 519.89 RAC875_c8690_446-wsnp_Ex_c5626_9897389 11.93 14.54 -5.15
17YZ 144.40 BS00068178_51-RAC875_c8690_446 11.12 12.33 -5.03

图1

穗部性状和株高QTL的遗传连锁图 连锁群右边是标记名称, 左边是遗传位置(cM), QTL右边对应LOD值。15YZ、16YZ和17YZ分别代表2015年、2016年和2017年环境。TSS、SL、SC和PH分别代表每穗结实总小穗数、穗长、结实小穗着生密度和株高。"

表3

穗部性状和株高QTL位点不同等位变异的t检测结果"

位点
QTL		 连锁标记
Linked marker		 总小穗数
TSS		 穗长
SL (cm)		 小穗着生密度SC (No. cm-1) 株高
PH (cm)		 数目
Number
QSN.yaas-3B BS00070455_51 C615等位变异
C615 allele		 19.21 B 11.57 A 1.66 A 108.60 A 140
QPH.yaas-3B 扬麦13等位变异 Yangmai 13 allele 19.74 A 11.68 A 1.69 A 101.01 B 54
t值 t-value -3.52 -0.89 -1.44 4.60
P值 P-value 5.41E-04 3.76E-01 1.51E-01 7.73E-06
QPH.yaas-4D Rht-D1_SNP C615等位变异
C615 allele		 19.30 A 11.60 A 1.67 A 108.27 A 171
位点
QTL		 连锁标记
Linked marker		 总小穗数
TSS		 穗长
SL (cm)		 小穗着生密度SC (No. cm-1) 株高
PH (cm)		 数目
Number
扬麦13等位变异 Yangmai 13 allele 19.84 A 11.76 A 1.70 A 97.31 B 14
t值 t-value 1.98 0.72 0.61 -3.89
P值 P-value 4.90E-02 4.75E-01 5.40E-01 1.42E-04
QSL.yaas-5A RAC875_c8690_446 C615等位变异
C615 allele		 19.56 A 11.33 B 1.73 A 102.97 B 110
QSC.yaas-5A 扬麦13等位变异 Yangmai 13 allele 19.09 B 11.97 A 1.60 B 111.26 A 83
QPH.yaas-5A t值 t-value 3.50 -5.82 8.01 -5.68
P值 P-value 5.82E-04 2.44E-08 1.13E-13 4.89E-08
QSL.yaas-6A wsnp_Ku_c34036_43438136 C615等位变异
C615 allele		 19.58 A 11.38 B 1.73 A 105.59 A 101
QSC.yaas-6A 扬麦13等位变异 Yangmai 13 allele 19.13 B 11.85 A 1.62 B 108.11 A 94
t值 t-value 3.37 -4.26 6.31 -1.63
P值 P-value 9.20E-04 3.13E-05 1.92E-09 1.04E-01

图2

QC615-5A-KASP标记对部分RIL群体的分型结果 蓝色表示C615等位变异类型T, 红色表示扬麦13等位变异类型C, 黑色表示空白对照。"

表4

在105份小麦品系中QSL.yaas-5A/QSC.yaas-5A/QPH.yaas-5A位点不同等位变异的t-检验结果"

分析类型
Analysis type		 每穗结实总小
穗数 TSS		 穗长
SL (cm)		 结实小穗着生
密度SC (No. cm-1)		 株高
PH (cm)		 数目
Number
C615等位变异 C615 allele 19.30 A 10.51 B 1.84 A 86.62 B 48
扬麦13等位变异 YM13 allele 18.95 A 11.13 A 1.71 B 89.03 A 57
t值 t-value 2.15 -5.42 5.38 -2.91
P值 P-value 0.03 3.89E-07 4.64E-07 4.44E-03
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