作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 414-424.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.32015
吴宇**(), 刘磊**(), 崔克辉*(), 齐晓丽, 黄见良, 彭少兵
WU Yu**(), LIU Lei**(), CUI Ke-Hui*(), QI Xiao-Li, HUANG Jian-Liang, PENG Shao-Bing
摘要:
作物根系在氮素吸收与分配中起着重要作用。本研究选用2个根系特征具有差异的水稻品种黄华占(Huanghuazhan, HHZ, 常规稻)和扬两优6号(Yangliangyou 6, YLY6, 超级杂交稻), 在水培条件和2个氮素浓度(低氮, low nitrogen, LN; 高氮, high nitrogen, HN)处理下, 研究根系形态和解剖结构特征的变化及其与LN下氮素积累的关系。与HN处理相比, LN处理下HHZ总氮积累量显著下降了19.7%, YLY6没有显著下降; YLY6根干重、总根长、根表面积、根尖数分别显著增加了41.3%、57.1%、74.9%和20.6%, 而HHZ没有显著变化。与HN处理相比, LN处理下YLY6的根直径和根皮层面积分别显著增加了12.4%和24.2%, 而HHZ根直径和根皮层面积、中柱直径分别显著降低了12.0%、21.9%和11.4%。LN处理下, YLY6根系铵转运蛋白基因AMT2;1、AMT2;3、AMT3;1、AMT3;2的表达量分别显著增加了195.6%、29.3%、314.9%和388.9%, 谷氨酰胺合成酶基因GS1;1表达量增加了158.2%, HHZ中这5个基因的表达量没有显著变化。LN下总氮积累量与根系性状显著正相关(根厚壁组织厚度除外), 与部分铵转运和同化相关基因的表达量显著正相关。这些结果表明超级杂交稻YLY6幼苗在LN下根系特征变化有利于增加氮积累。选育根系对减氮表现出有利变化的水稻品种应是绿色水稻生产的一个重要途径。
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