作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 2468-2482.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.44041
薛亚鹏1,2(), 辛旭霞1,2, 王若楠1,2, 于筱菡2, 刘少雄2, 王瑞云1,*(), 刘敏轩2,*()
XUE Ya-Peng1,2(), XIN Xu-Xia1,2, WANG Ruo-Nan1,2, YU Xiao-Han2, LIU Shao-Xiong2, WANG Rui-Yun1,*(), LIU Min-Xuan2,*()
摘要:
对新引进国外谷子资源的综合农艺性状、品质性状以及与国内地方品种的亲缘关系进行研究, 为优异资源挖掘、利用提供数据参考。本研究以88份新引进谷子品种和152份国内地方品种为研究对象, 对其开展田间农艺性状的调查, 对收获后的种子进行品质测定, 同时利用重测序获得的SNP标记开展亲缘关系分析。 结果表明, 数量性状在参试材料之间有显著的差异, 遗传多样性丰富, 遗传多样性指数H'≥2.00的性状有7个, 数量性状综合评价排名前3的材料为来自山东省的半月硬(F=2.47)、来自英国的新引进种质Y-190 (F=2.45)和来自山西省的大白谷I (F=2.38); 质量性状差异不显著, 遗传多样性指数H°介于0.38~1.37之间; 相关性分析显示除穗粗与千粒重呈现不显著负相关外, 其余数量性状之间均呈现不同程度的正相关。品质测定结果显示各性状基本符合正态分布且在不同品种间存在差异, 品质性状的遗传多样性指数H'介于1.65~2.05, 粗蛋白和粗脂肪的遗传多样性最丰富(H'≥2.00); 相关性分析显示, 粗蛋白含量与粗脂肪含量、粗脂肪含量与粗纤维含量均呈现不显著负相关; 淀粉含量与粗纤维含量、L*与b*均呈现显著的正相关。基于表型性状将参试材料划分为4类, 且每个类群均存在表型特异性; 基于SNP的进化树和群体结构分析表明不同品种间存在多样的亲缘关系, 部分新引进种质与国内地方品种间存在较近的亲缘关系, 不同材料间的具体的亲缘关系还需进一步研究。通过本研究对近几年新引进的国外资源的农艺性状、品质性状以及与国内资源的异同进行了全面的评价, 为后续优异资源的利用、推广奠定了基础。
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