欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (9): 2387-2398.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.51019
所属专题： 小麦：遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学
李云香1,3(
), 郭千纤1,2, 侯万伟1,3,4, 张小娟1,2,*()
LI Yun-Xiang1,3(), GUO Qian-Qian1,2, HOU Wan-Wei1,3,4, ZHANG Xiao-Juan1,2,*()
摘要：
小麦是世界上重要的粮食作物之一, 干旱会严重影响小麦的生长发育。因此解析小麦干旱相关的遗传基础以及挖掘与抗旱相关的优异基因, 对于保证国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本研究以引进ICARDA的159份小麦为材料, 苗期采用20% PEG-6000模拟干旱环境进行水培试验, 以正常营养液作为对照, 对小麦根部的总根长、根表面积、根体积、根平均直径和根叉数等5个性状进行表型数据统计, 并进行相关性分析, 再结合55K SNP芯片对5个根部性状的抗旱系数进行全基因组关联分析。研究结果表明, 2种处理下, 根部性状表现出丰富的表型变异, 在正常处理下, 变异系数为27.10%~40.46%; 在干旱处理下, 变异系数为24.95%~57.04%。5个根部性状抗旱系数的相关性分析表明, 根平均直径抗旱系数与根表面积抗旱系数、根叉数抗旱系数之间没有明显的相关性, 与总根长抗旱系数呈显著负相关, 其余各性状的抗旱系数之间均呈极显著正相关。全基因组关联分析结果显示, 在P ≤ 0.001水平下共定位到39个与根部性状显著关联的SNP位点, 分布于小麦的1B、1D、2B、3A、3B、3D、4A、4B、4D、5A、5B、6A、6D、7A、7B和7D等16条染色体上, 贡献率为7.12%~14.44%。检测到6个多效应位点, 均与根表面积与总根长显著相关, 分别位于3B和4A染色体上, 贡献率为7.15%~14.44%。将39个显著关联的位点进行候选基因预测, 共获得TraesCS5B01G556300 (编码MYB60)、TraesCS7A01G508700 (编码转录因子WRKY28)、TraesCS2B01G002700 (编码脱水反应元件结合蛋白1C)和TraesCS3D01G055500 (编码14-3-3样蛋白)等12个可能与小麦抗旱相关的候选基因, 这些候选基因可能在小麦抗旱方面具有重要作用。
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