欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 470-484.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41046

所属专题： 小麦：耕作栽培·生理生化

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤调理剂与缓释氮肥对小麦干物质积累及产量的影响

梁淼(), 李盼, 赵连豪, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 何蔚, 柴强, 殷文()   

  1. 省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室 / 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-27 接受日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-02-12 网络出版日期:2024-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 殷文, E-mail: yinwen@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:E-mail: liangmiao0623@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U21A20218);国家自然科学基金项目(32372238);甘肃省科技计划项目(24ZDNA008);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-22-G-12)

Effect of soil conditioner and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat

LIANG Miao(), LI Pan, ZHAO Lian-Hao, FAN Zhi-Long, HU Fa-Long, FAN Hong, HE Wei, CHAI Qiang, YIN Wen()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Arid and Crop Science / College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2024-06-27 Accepted:2024-09-18 Published:2025-02-12 Published online:2024-10-08
  • Contact: E-mail: yinwen@gsau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20218);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372238);Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(24ZDNA008);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-22-G-12)

RichHTML

21

PDF

306

摘要： 针对河西绿洲灌区小麦生产中氮肥投入高、产量不稳定等问题, 通过研究不同施氮水平下土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对小麦地上干物质积累动态与产量的影响, 为构建河西绿洲灌区减氮小麦的高产高效栽培技术提供实践依据。本研究于2022—2023年在河西绿洲灌区进行, 采用裂区设计, 主区为: 凹凸棒(A)、生物炭(B)和无调理剂(C); 裂区为2种氮肥类型: 传统化学氮肥(T)和缓释氮肥(S); 裂裂区为2个施氮水平: 常规施氮量(N2: 180 kg hm-2)和减量施氮30% (N1: 126 kg hm-2), 通过测定小麦不同生育阶段的干物质积累量、开花前后干物质转运量、籽粒产量和生物产量, 量化最大增长速率及其出现时间, 明确不同土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对小麦干物质积累特性及产量的影响。结果表明, N1较N2降低小麦地上部干物质积累量10.4%, 缓释氮肥较传统化学氮肥提高小麦地上部干物质积累量7.0%, 与无调理剂相比, 凹凸棒和生物炭提高小麦地上部干物质积累量为7.8%与10.9%。结合土壤调理剂、氮肥类型与施氮量三因素, 凹凸棒配施缓释氮肥结合常规施氮减量30% (ASN1)与生物炭配施缓释氮肥结合常规施氮减量30% (BSN1), 分别较无调理剂配施传统化学氮肥结合常规施氮量(CTN2)提高出苗后45~95 d小麦干物质积累量9.0%与10.7%, 提高出苗后45~90 d小麦干物质积累速率9.7%与12.6%。拟合结果表明, ASN1、BSN1较CTN2推迟小麦干物质最大增长速率出现时间为3.1 d与4.2 d, 提高小麦干物质最大增长速率为6.3%与8.1%。ASN1与BSN1提高了小麦开花前后干物质对籽粒的贡献率, ASN1、BSN1较CTN2增产6.8%与8.5%, 其增产主要源于穗粒数和千粒重的提高。BSN1较ASN1提高小麦穗粒数、千粒重为7.8%与8.1%, 从各方面来看, BSN1的增产优势更为突出。因此, 生物炭配施缓释氮肥可作为西北灌区节氮30%时小麦产量提升的有效措施。

关键词: 凹凸棒, 生物炭, 缓释氮肥, 减氮, 小麦, 干物质积累

Abstract:

To address the challenges of high nitrogen fertilizer input and unstable wheat yields in the Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area, this study investigates the effects of soil conditioners combined with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on the dynamics of aboveground dry matter accumulation and yield-related indices in wheat under varying nitrogen application rates. The objective is to provide practical evidence for developing high-yield, efficient cultivation techniques with reduced nitrogen input in the Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area. The experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2023 in the Hexi Oasis Irrigation District, utilizing a split-plot design. The main plots included attapulgite (A), biochar (B), and a control with no conditioner application (C); the subplots consisted of two types of nitrogen fertilizer: conventional chemical nitrogen fertilizer (T) and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (S); and the split-split plots involved two levels of nitrogen application: conventional nitrogen amount (N2, 180 kg hm-2) and a 30% reduction in N2 (N1, 126 kg hm-2). By measuring dry matter accumulation at different growth stages, dry matter translocation before and after anthesis, grain yield, and biomass, the study quantifies the maximum growth rate and its timing, elucidating the impacts of different soil conditioners combined with slow-release nitrogen fertilizers on wheat dry matter accumulation and yield characteristics. The results indicate that N1 reduced aboveground dry matter accumulation by 10.4% compared to N2, while slow-release nitrogen fertilizer increased it by 7.0% compared to conventional chemical nitrogen fertilizer. Both attapulgite and biochar increased aboveground dry matter accumulation by 7.8% and 10.9%, respectively. Considering the interaction of soil conditioners, nitrogen fertilizer types, and nitrogen application rates, the combination of attapulgite with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and a 30% reduction in conventional nitrogen application (ASN1) and the combination of biochar with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and a 30% reduction in conventional nitrogen application (BSN1) increased dry matter accumulation by 9.0% and 10.7%, respectively, during 45-95 days after emergence, and increased the dry matter accumulation rate by 9.7% and 12.6%, respectively, during 45-90 days after emergence, compared to no conditioner use with conventional chemical nitrogen fertilizer and conventional nitrogen application (CTN2). The fitting results show that ASN1 and BSN1 delayed the occurrence of the maximum growth rate by 3.1 and 4.2 days, respectively, and increased the maximum growth rate by 6.3% and 8.1%, respectively, compared to CTN2. ASN1 and BSN1 also enhanced the contribution of dry matter translocation before and after anthesis to grain yield, increasing the yield by 6.8% and 8.5%, respectively, with the main yield increase attributed to improvements in spike grain number and thousand-kernel weight. BSN1 further increased spike grain number and thousand-kernel weight by 7.8% and 8.1%, respectively, compared to ASN1, demonstrating a more pronounced yield-increasing advantage. Therefore, the application of biochar combined with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer can be considered an effective measure to enhance wheat yield in the northwestern irrigation region of China, even with a 30% reduction in nitrogen input.

Key words: attapulgite, biochar, slow-release nitrogen, reduced nitrogen, wheat, dry matter accumulation

图1

2022-2023年小麦全生育期内气温及降水量变化"

表1

不同试验设计的处理代码"

土壤调理剂
Soil conditioner		 氮肥类型
Nitrogen type		 施氮水平
Nitrogen level		 处理代码
Treatment code
凹凸棒 (A)
Attapulgite (A)		 传统化学氮肥 (T)
Conventional chemical nitrogen fertilizer (T)		 常规施氮量 (N2)
Conventional nitrogen amount (N2)		 ATN2
常规施氮减量30% (N1)
Reduction of 30% in N2 (N1)		 ATN1
缓释氮肥 (S)
Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (S)		 常规施氮量 (N2)
Conventional nitrogen amount (N2)		 ASN2
常规施氮减量30% (N1)
Reduction of 30% in N2 (N1)		 ASN1
生物炭 (B)
Biochar (B)		 传统化学氮肥 (T)
Conventional chemical nitrogen fertilizer (T)		 常规施氮量 (N2)
Conventional nitrogen amount (N2)		 BTN2
常规施氮减量30% (N1)
Reduction of 30% in N2 (N1)		 BTN1
缓释氮肥 (S)
Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (S)		 常规施氮量 (N2)
Conventional nitrogen amount (N2)		 BSN2
常规施氮减量30% (N1)
Reduction of 30% in N2 (N1)		 BSN1
无调理剂 (C)
No conditioner (C)		 传统化学氮肥 (T)
Conventional chemical nitrogen fertilizer (T)		 常规施氮量 (N2)
Conventional nitrogen amount (N2)		 CTN2
常规施氮减量30% (N1)
Reduction of 30% in N2 (N1)		 CTN1
缓释氮肥(S)
Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (S)		 常规施氮量 (N2)
Conventional nitrogen amount (N2)		 CSN2
常规施氮减量30% (N1)
Reduction of 30% in N2 (N1)		 CSN1

图2

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦地上部干物质积累量的影响 A、B和C分别代表凹凸棒、生物炭和无调理剂; T和S分别为传统化学氮肥和缓释氮肥; N1、N2为常规施氮减量30%、常规施氮量。"

图3

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦干物质积累速率的影响 处理同图2。Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2."

表2

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦地上干物质积累的Logistic方程回归分析"

年份
Year		 土壤
调理剂
Soil
conditioner		 氮肥类型
Nitrogen type		 施氮水平
Nitrogen level		 回归方程
Regression equation		 R2 最大增长速率
出现时间
Days of maximum growth rate
(Tm, d)		 快速增长速率
持续时间
Rapid accumulation
of days of duration
(∆T, d-1)		 最大增长速率
Maximum
increase rate
(Vm, kg hm-2 d-1)
2022 A T N1 y=19,052.9603/(1+e3.6623-0.0746t) 0.998 49.10 cd 35.31 de 355.35 ef
N2 y=21,663.5193/(1+e3.4961-0.0714t) 0.995 48.98 cd 36.90 a 386.59 bc
S N1 y=19,760.4373/(1+e3.9928-0.0790t) 0.999 50.54 bc 33.34 f 390.32 bc
N2 y=22,028.6510/(1+e3.7596-0.0747) 0.996 50.35 bc 35.27 de 411.27 a
B T N1 y=19,401.9016/(1+e3.7046-0.0749t) 0.996 49.47 cd 35.17 de 363.31 de
N2 y=20,847.6809/(1+e3.5391-0.0723t) 0.997 48.95 cd 36.43 bc 376.80 cd
S N1 y=20,984.6527/(1+e3.9522-0.0759t) 0.998 52.04 a 34.68 e 398.42 ab
N2 y=21,715.1911/(1+e3.6308-0.0721t) 0.997 50.39 bc 36.54 ab 391.31 bc
C T N1 y=17,442.9282/(1+e3.8286-0.0794t) 0.996 48.21 d 33.17 f 346.26 f
N2 y=19,447.8476/(1+e3.5022-0.0725t) 0.998 48.29 d 36.32 cd 352.59 ef
S N1 y=17,684.1601/(1+e4.1856-0.0814t) 0.994 51.45 ab 32.37 f 359.68 ef
N2 y=20,361.1022/(1+e3.7233-0.0738t) 0.997 50.46 bc 35.70 de 375.58 cd
2023 A T N1 y=18,725.8304/(1+e3.6629-0.0774t) 0.995 47.30 f 34.01 f 362.52 d
N2 y=20,044.8864/(1+e3.5939-0.0758t) 0.994 47.41 f 34.74 de 379.90 b
S N1 y=20,067.7151/(1+e3.8283-0.0756t) 0.994 50.61 bc 34.82 cde 379.50 b
N2 y=21,351.4078/(1+e3.7222-0.0725t) 0.997 51.36 ab 36.34 ab 386.89 a
B T N1 y=19,648.1418/(1+e3.5749-0.0773t) 0.990 46.26 g 34.08 f 379.63 b
N2 y=20,613.0456/(1+e3.6093-0.0745t) 0.997 48.44 e 35.35 c 384.00 ab
S N1 y=20,347.9689/(1+e3.8719-0.0756t) 0.993 51.22 ab 34.84 cde 384.54 ab
N2 y=21,711.9970/(1+e3.7110-0.0718t) 0.995 51.71 a 36.70 a 389.53 a
C T N1 y=19,648.1418/(1+e3.5749-0.0773t) 0.994 48.04 ef 35.90 b 325.00 f
N2 y=20,613.0456/(1+e3.6093-0.0745t) 0.991 46.52 g 34.50 def 372.68 c
S N1 y=20,347.9689/(1+e3.8719-0.0756t) 0.993 50.35 cd 34.43 ef 344.98 e
N2 y=21,711.9970/(1+e3.7111-0.0718t) 0.996 49.76 d 35.12 cd 379.62 b
显著性(P值) Significance (P-value)
土壤调理剂 Soil conditioner * * **
氮肥类型 Nitrogen type ** NS **
施氮水平 Nitrogen level * ** **
土壤调理剂×氮肥类型 Soil conditioner × Nitrogen type ** * *
土壤调理剂×施氮水平 Soil conditioner × Nitrogen level * ** **
氮肥类型×施氮水平 Nitrogen type × Nitrogen level * * *
土壤调理剂×氮肥类型×施氮水平
Soil conditioner × Nitrogen type × Nitrogen level		 ** * **

表3

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦开花前后干物质转运及对籽粒干物质积累的影响"

年份
Year		 土壤调理剂
Soil
conditioner		 氮肥类型
Nitrogen type		 施氮水平
Nitrogen level		 花前转运量
Dry matter
remobilization at pre-anthesis
(kg hm-2)		 花前转运率
Dry matter
remobilization efficiency at pre-anthesis (%)		 花前转运贡献率
Contribution of dry matter
remobilization
to grain at
pre-anthesis (%)		 花后积累量
Dry matter
accumulation
at post anthesis
(kg hm-2)		 花后积累贡献率
Contribution of dry matter accumulation to grain at post
anthesis
(%)
2022 A T N1 746.78 cd 9.80 b 10.87 b 6125.28 d 89.13 d
N2 838.45 b 9.93 ab 11.02 ab 6766.97 b 88.98 de
S N1 732.02 de 8.91 e 9.78 e 6754.97 b 90.22 a
N2 836.01 b 9.28 cd 10.23 cd 7337.12 a 89.77 bc
B T N1 762.37 c 9.86 ab 10.93 ab 6209.81 d 89.07 de
N2 864.94 a 10.08 a 11.22 a 6847.17 b 88.78 e
S N1 746.26 cd 9.03 de 9.92 de 6775.63 b 90.08 ab
N2 839.82 b 9.25 cd 10.19 cd 7398.68 a 89.81 bc
C T N1 643.42 f 9.36 c 10.50 c 5486.81 e 89.50 c
N2 761.70 c 9.68 b 10.84 b 6268.20 cd 89.16 d
S N1 603.35 g 8.68 e 9.70 e 5614.46 e 90.30 a
N2 724.36 e 9.09 d 10.16 d 6405.45 c 89.84 b
2023 A T N1 732.29 d 9.47 cd 10.46 cd 6265.77 ef 89.54 bc
N2 841.00 b 9.99 ab 11.09 ab 6740.42 bc 88.91 de
S N1 684.11 e 8.58 e 9.38 e 6608.88 cd 90.62 a
N2 815.78 b 9.10 d 10.01 d 7333.35 a 89.99 bc
B T N1 768.89 c 9.59 c 10.61 c 6479.29 de 89.39 c
N2 897.22 a 10.21 a 11.37 a 6990.89 b 88.63 e
S N1 711.78 d 8.67 d 9.49 d 6786.11 bc 90.51 a
N2 838.78 b 9.16 e 10.09 e 7475.72 a 89.91 b
C T N1 613.40 f 9.32 cd 10.28 cd 5352.83 h 89.72 bc
N2 731.32 d 9.70 bc 10.75 bc 6074.58 f 89.25 cd
S N1 582.70 g 8.51 e 9.30 e 5681.11 g 90.70 a
N2 716.16 d 9.07 d 9.98 d 6459.65 de 90.02 b
显著性 Significance
土壤调理剂 Soil conditioner ** ** ** ** **
氮肥类型 Nitrogen type ** ** ** ** **
施氮水平 Nitrogen level ** ** ** ** **
土壤调理剂×氮肥类型
Soil conditioner × Nitrogen type		 * * ** ** *
土壤调理剂×施氮水平
Soil conditioner × Nitrogen level		 ** * ** ** **
氮肥类型×施氮水平
Nitrogen type × Nitrogen level		 * ** ** ** *
土壤调理剂×氮肥类型×施氮水平
Soil conditioner × Nitrogen type × Nitrogen level		 * * * * *

图4

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦籽粒产量、生物产量及收获指数的影响 处理同图2。同一年份不同字母表示处理间差异在0.05概率水平差异显著(P < 0.05)。"

表4

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦产量构成因素的影响"

年份
Year		 土壤调理剂
Soil
conditioner		 氮肥类型
Nitrogen type		 施氮水平
Nitrogen level		 产量构成 Yield component
穗数
Spike numbers
(ear m-2)		 穗粒数
Kernel number per spike
(grain ear-1)		 千粒重
Thousand-grain weight
(g)
2022 A T N1 675.26 d 32.91 d 54.07 f
N2 711.52 ab 32.93 d 56.02 e
S N1 642.47 f 36.09 b 56.09 e
N2 677.96 d 38.07 a 58.32 c
B T N1 695.17 c 34.97 bc 56.18 e
N2 723.85 a 35.03 bc 57.83 cd
S N1 660.57 e 38.36 a 60.76 ab
N2 707.51 bc 39.06 a 64.09 a
C T N1 628.32 g 30.11 e 54.10 f
N2 679.50 d 33.86 cd 55.48 e
S N1 602.72 h 33.79 cd 54.86 f
N2 658.36 e 34.84 c 57.14 d
2023 A T N1 679.47 e 33.11 f 54.20 h
N2 784.47 bc 34.68 de 56.04 efg
S N1 639.47 g 36.18 c 56.69 ef
N2 772.06 c 37.96 b 58.96 c
B T N1 694.24 de 35.49 cd 56.51 ef
N2 808.16 a 35.98 c 57.26 de
S N1 643.24 fg 39.53 a 61.18 ab
N2 792.23 ab 39.81 a 65.40 a
C T N1 649.38 fg 31.03 g 54.14 h
N2 708.37 d 33.84 ef 55.89 fg
S N1 622.80 h 34.35 e 55.00 gh
N2 660.64 f 35.51 cd 57.92 cd
显著性 Significance
土壤调理剂 Soil conditioner ** ** **
氮肥类型 Nitrogen type ** ** **
施氮水平 Nitrogen level * ** **
土壤调理剂×氮肥类型Soil conditioner × Nitrogen type ** ** **
土壤调理剂×施氮水平Soil conditioner × Nitrogen level * ** *
氮肥类型×施氮水平Nitrogen type × Nitrogen level * * **
土壤调理剂×氮肥类型×施氮水平
Soil conditioner × Nitrogen type × Nitrogen level		 * ** *

图5

土壤调理剂配施缓释氮肥对减氮小麦籽粒产量与产量构成因素的通径分析 粗线代表直接通径系数, 细线代表间接通径系数。线条上方粗体数字为相关系数, 不加粗数字为通径系数, 线条下方数值为决定系数R2。** : P < 0.01; * : P < 0.05; SN、KNS、TKW和HI分别代表穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和收获指数。"

[19] Kätterer T, Roobroeck D, Andrén O, Kimutai G, Karltun E, Kirchmann H, Nyberg G, Vanlauwe B, Röing de Nowina K. Biochar addition persistently increased soil fertility and yields in maize-soybean rotations over 10 years in sub-humid regions of Kenya. Field Crops Res, 2019, 235: 18-26.
[20] Liu T N, Su Y Z, Niu Z R, An F J. Attapulgite application improves maize yield, water, and fertilizer utilization efficiency in newly cultivated sandy farmland in northwestern China. Arid Land Res Manag, 2023, 37: 408-426.
[21] 孙云保, 张民, 郑文魁, 耿计彪, 杨力, 李家康. 控释氮肥对小麦—玉米轮作产量和土壤养分状况的影响. 水土保持学报, 2014, 28(4): 115-121.
Sun Y B, Zhang M, Zheng W K, Geng J B, Yang L, Li J K. Effects of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer on yield and soil nutrient regime of wheat-corn rotation system. J Soil Water Conserv, 2014, 28(4): 115-121 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[22] Zheng W K, Zhang M, Liu Z G, Zhou H Y, Lu H, Zhang W T, Yang Y C, Li C L, Chen B C. Combining controlled-release urea and normal urea to improve the nitrogen use efficiency and yield under wheat-maize double cropping system. Field Crops Res, 2016, 197: 52-62.
[23] Li W W, Ahmad S, Liu D, Gao S, Wang Y H, Tao W K, Chen L, Liu Z H, Jiang Y, Li G H, Ding Y F. Subsurface banding of blended controlled-release urea can optimize rice yields while minimizing yield-scaled greenhouse gas emissions. Crop J, 2023, 11: 914-921.
doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2022.10.005
[24] 周冬冬, 李必忠, 张军, 刘忠红, 张永进, 方书亮, 朱新开. 缓释掺混肥配比对稻茬小麦产量、氮素利用和籽粒品质的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2024, 44: 214-221.
Zhou D D, Li B Z, Zhang J, Liu Z H, Zhang Y J, Fang S L, Zhu X K. Effect of slow-release fertilizer ratios on grain yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency and quality of wheat following rice stubble. J Triticeae Crops, 2024, 44: 214-221 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[25] 王鹏飞, 于爱忠, 王玉珑, 苏向向, 李悦, 吕汉强, 柴健, 杨宏伟. 绿肥还田结合减量施氮对玉米干物质积累分配及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56: 1283-1294.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.07.007
Wang P F, Yu A Z, Wang Y L, Su X X, Li Y, Lyu H Q, Chai J, Yang H W. Effects of returning green manure to field combined with reducing nitrogen application on the dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of maize. Sci Agric Sin, 2023, 56: 1283-1294 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.07.007
[26] 张向前, 徐云姬, 杜世州, 严文学, 袁立伦, 乔玉强, 陈欢, 赵竹, 李玮, 曹承富. 氮肥运筹对稻茬麦区弱筋小麦生理特性、品质及产量的调控效应. 麦类作物学报, 2019, 39: 810-817.
Zhang X Q, Xu Y J, Du S Z, Yan W X, Yuan L L, Qiao Y Q, Chen H, Zhao Z, Li W, Cao C F. Regulation effect of nitrogen application on physiological characteristics, quality and yield of weak gluten wheat in rice-wheat cropping area. J Triticeae Crops, 2019, 39: 810-817 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[27] 刘左军, 陈正宏, 袁惠君, 刘晓风, 郝远. 凹凸棒石粘土对土壤团粒结构及小麦生长的影响. 土壤通报, 2010, 41: 142-144.
Liu Z J, Chen Z H, Yuan H J, Liu X F, Hao Y. Effects of attapulgite clay on soil aggregate and wheat growth. Chin J Soil Sci, 2010, 41: 142-144 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[28] Guo R, Qian R, Du L N, Sun W L, Wang J J, Cai T, Zhang P, Jia Z K, Ren X L, Chen X L. Straw-derived biochar optimizes water consumption, shoot and root characteristics to improve water productivity of maize under reduced nitrogen. Agric Water Manag, 2024, 294: 108722.
[29] 赵凯男, 丁豪, 刘阿康, 姜宗昊, 陈广周, 冯波, 王宗帅, 李华伟, 司纪升, 张宾, 毕香君, 李勇, 李升东, 王法宏. 氮肥减量后移改善植株光合特性提高麦-玉周年产量及经济效益. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57: 868-884.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.004
Zhao K N, Ding H, Liu A K, Jiang Z H, Chen G Z, Feng B, Wang Z S, Li H W, Si J S, Zhang B, Bi X J, Li Y, Li S D, Wang F H. Nitrogen fertilizer reduction and postponing for improving plant photosynthetic physiological characteristics to increase wheat- maize and annual yield and economic return. Sci Agric Sin, 2024, 57: 868-884 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.004
[30] Murtaza G, Rizwan M, Usman M, Hyder S, Akram M I, Deeb M, Alkahtani J, AlMunqedhi B M, Hendy A S, Ali M R, Iqbal R, Harsonowati W, Rahman M H U, Rizwan M. Biochar enhances the growth and physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa, Amaranthus caudatus and Zea mays in saline soils. BMC Plant Biol, 2024, 24: 304.
doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-04957-1 pmid: 38644487
[31] Liu X Z, Liu W L, Su Z J, Lu J S, Zhang P, Cai M T, Li W C, Liu F L, Andersen M N, Manevski K. Biochar addition and reduced irrigation modulates leaf Morpho-physiology and biological nitrogen fixation in faba bean-ryegrass intercropping. Sci Total Environ, 2024, 925: 171731.
[32] Lam Y Y, Lau S S S, Wong J W C. Removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions using plant-derived biochar: kinetics, isotherm and characterization. Bioresour Technol Rep, 2019, 8: 100323.
[33] 张晶晶, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 不同土壤肥力麦田小麦干物质生产和产量的差异. 麦类作物学报, 2021, 41: 1541-1547.
Zhang J J, Shi Y, Yu Z W, Zhang Y L. Differences in dry matter production and yield of wheat in wheat fields with different soil fertility. J Triticeae Crops, 2021, 41: 1541-1547 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[34] 杨婷, 吴军虎. 凹凸棒土对土壤团粒结构及水力参数的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2017, 35(6): 46-51.
Yang T, Wu J H. Effect of attapulgite to soil aggregate structure and hydraulic parameters. Agric Res Arid Areas, 2017, 35(6): 46-51 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[35] 李金鹏, 黄敬尧, 李中蔚, 刘慧莲, 程馨, 李博文, 李金才, 宋有洪. 不同耕作和施氮模式对淮北地区小麦干物质积累、产量及水分利用效率的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2024, 44: 195-205.
Li J P, Huang J Y, Li Z W, Liu H L, Cheng X, Li B W, Li J C, Song Y H. Effects of different tillage and nitrogen application patterns on dry matter accumulation, yield and water use efficiency of wheat in Huaibei Region. J Triticeae Crops, 2024, 44: 195-205 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[36] Hou J X, Liu X Z, Zhang J R, Wei Z H, Ma Y Y, Wan H, Liu J, Cui B J, Zong Y Z, Chen Y T, Liang K H, Liu F L. Combined application of biochar and partial root-zone drying irrigation improves water relations and water use efficiency of cotton plants under salt stress. Agric Water Manag, 2023, 290: 108584.
[37] Huang M, Yang L, Qin H D, Jiang L G, Zou Y B. Fertilizer nitrogen uptake by rice increased by biochar application. Biol Fert Soils, 2014, 50: 997-1000.
[38] 杨勤, 刘禹池, 刘永红, 张会玲, 陈玉锋, 岳丽杰, 梁南山. 缓控肥减氮对丘陵区青贮玉米生物产量、氮素利用与平衡的影响. 玉米科学, 2024, 32(1): 156-161.
Yang Q, Liu Y C, Liu Y H, Zhang H L, Chen Y F, Yue L J, Liang N S. Effects of slow-released fertilization with nitrogen reduction on biomass yield, nitrogen utilization, and soil balance of silage maize in hilly areas. J Maize Sci, 2024, 32(1): 156-161 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[39] 史辛凯, 于振文, 赵俊晔, 石玉, 王西芝. 施氮量对高产小麦光合特性、干物质积累分配与产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2021, 41: 713-721.
Shi X K, Yu Z W, Zhao J Y, Shi Y, Wang X Z. Effect of nitrogen application rateon photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and distribution and yield of high-yielding winter wheat. J Triticeae Crops, 2021, 41: 713-721 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[40] Chowdhury M S N, Sani M N H, Siddique A B, Hossain M S, Yong J W H. Synergistic effects of biochar and potassium co-application on growth, physiological attributes, and antioxidant defense mechanisms of wheat under water deficit conditions. Plant Stress, 2024, 12: 100452.
[1] 柴健, 于爱忠, 李悦, 王玉珑, 王凤, 王鹏飞, 吕汉强, 杨学慧, 尚永盼. 绿肥还田量结合氮肥减施对绿洲灌区小麦产量和氮素吸收利用的影响. 作物学报, 2023, 49: 3131-3140.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.31017
Chai J, Yu A Z, Li Y, Wang Y L, Wang F, Wang P F, Lyu H Q, Yang X H, Shang Y P. Effects of green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction on wheat yield and nitrogen utilization in oasis irrigated area. Acta Agron Sin, 2023, 49: 3131-3140 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.31017
[2] 张文霞, 李盼, 殷文, 陈桂平, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 何蔚. 麦后复种绿肥及配施不同水平氮肥对小麦产量、品质及氮素利用的影响. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56: 3317-3330.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.17.007
Zhang W X, Li P, Yin W, Chen G P, Fan Z L, Hu F L, Fan H, He W. Effects of multiple green manure after wheat combined with different levels of nitrogen fertilization on wheat yield, grain quality, and nitrogen utilization. Sci Agric Sin, 2023, 56: 3317-3330 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.17.007
[3] 郑沛, 宋付朋, 马富亮. 硫膜与树脂膜控释尿素对小麦不同生育时期土壤氮素的调控及其产量效应. 水土保持学报, 2014, 28(4): 122-127.
Zheng P, Song F P, Ma F L. Influence of controlled release urea coated by sulfur and polymer on soil nitrogen in different growth stages of wheat. J Soil Water Conserv, 2014, 28(4): 122-127 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[4] Yu Z X, Shen Z Y, Xu L, Yu J, Zhang L, Wang X K, Yin G D, Zhang W J, Li Y L, Zuo W G, Shan Y H, Huo Z Y, Bai Y C. Effect of combined application of slow-release and conventional urea on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice and wheat under full straw return. Agronomy, 2022, 12: 998.
[5] 吴霞玉, 李盼, 韦金贵, 范虹, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量灌水及有机无机肥配施对西北灌区玉米光合生理、籽粒产量及品质的影响. 作物学报, 2024, 50: 1065-1079.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.33041
Wu X Y, Li P, Wei J G, Fan H, He W, Fan Z L, Hu F L, Chai Q, Yin W. Effect of reduced irrigation and combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers on photosynthetic physiology, grain yield and quality of maize in northwestern irrigation areas. Acta Agron Sin, 2024, 50: 1065-1079 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[6] Wang X Q, Yang Y D, Zhao J, Nie J W, Zang H D, Zeng Z H, Olesen J E. Yield benefits from replacing chemical fertilizers with manure under water deficient conditions of the winter wheat-summer maize system in the North China Plain. Eur J Agron, 2020, 119: 126118.
[7] 王士红, 杨中旭, 史加亮, 李海涛, 宋宪亮, 孙学振. 增密减氮对棉花干物质和氮素积累分配及产量的影响. 作物学报, 2020, 46: 395-407.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94074
Wang S H, Yang Z X, Shi J L, Li H T, Song X L, Sun X Z. Effects of increasing planting density and decreasing nitrogen rate on dry matter, nitrogen accumulation and distribution, and yield of cotton. Acta Agron Sin, 2020, 46: 395-407 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94074
[8] 杨俊刚, 安文博, 连炳瑞, 邹国元, 王激清, 孙焱鑫. 缓控释肥一次性施用后土壤氮素供应与损失特征研究. 玉米科学, 2023, 31(1): 135-142.
Yang J G, An W B, Lian B R, Zou G Y, Wang J Q, Sun Y X. Characteristics of soil nitrogen supply and losses after a one-off application of slow and controlled release fertilizer. J Maize Sci, 2023, 31(1): 135-142 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] Jeffery S, Meinders M B J, Stoof C R, Bezemer T M, van de Voorde T F J, Mommer L, van Groenigen J W. Biochar application does not improve the soil hydrological function of a sandy soil. Geoderma, 2015, 251: 47-54.
[10] 袁晶晶, 同延安, 卢绍辉, 袁国军. 生物炭与氮肥配施改善土壤团聚体结构提高红枣产量. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(3): 159-165.
Yuan J J, Tong Y A, Lu S H, Yuan G J. Biochar and nitrogen amendments improving soil aggregate structure and jujube yields. Trans CSAE, 2018, 34(3): 159-165 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[11] 张贺, 杨静, 周吉祥, 李桂花, 张建峰. 连续施用土壤改良剂对砂质潮土团聚体及作物产量的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27: 791-801.
Zhang H, Yang J, Zhou J X, Li G H, Zhang J F. Effects of organic and inorganic amendments on aggregation and crop yields in sandy fluvo-aquic soil. J Plant Nutr Fert, 2021, 27: 791-801 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12] Darvishi Aghajani S, Alavifazel M, Nurmohammadi G, Ardakani M R, Sarajughi M. Soil respiration, root traits and dry matter yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) as affected by biochar application under different cropping patterns and irrigation method. Int Agrophys, 2020, 34: 495-502.
doi: 10.31545/intagr/130805
[13] 汪勇, 吕茹洁, 黎星, 胡水秀, 商庆银. 生物炭与氮肥施用对双季稻田温室气体排放的影响. 中国稻米, 2021, 27(1): 20-26.
Wang Y, Lyu R J, Li X, Hu S X, Shang Q Y. Effects of biochar and nitrogen incorporation on greenhouse gas emissions in double rice-cropping system. China Rice, 2021, 27(1): 20-26 (in Chinese with English abstract).
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.01.005
[14] 肖占文, 赵致禧, 赵芸晨, 程红玉, 马银山, 濮超, 付余业. 化肥减量下有机肥配施土壤调理剂和生物菌肥对玉米连作土壤的生态修复效应. 中国土壤与肥料, 2023, (10): 48-54.
Xiao Z W, Zhao Z X, Zhao Y C, Cheng H Y, Ma Y S, Pu C, Fu Y Y. The ecological restoration effect of organic fertilizer combined with soil conditioner and biological fertilizer on continuous cropping soil of maize seed production under chemical fertilizer reduction. Soil Fert Sci China, 2023, (10): 48-54 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[15] 杨佳宜, 何罗驭阳, 唐昕, 周成轩, 周南, 向世鹏, 周智. 生物炭用量与追肥次数对烤烟生长及氮素积累的影响. 中国烟草科学, 2023, 44(5): 9-17.
Yang J Y, He L Y Y, Tang X, Zhou C X, Zhou N, Xiang S P, Zhou Z. Effects of biochar dosage and topdressing frequency on flue-cured tobacco growth and nitrogen accumulation. Chin Tob Sci, 2023, 44(5): 9-17 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[16] 宋世龙, 杨卫君, 陈雨欣, 贾永红, 李大平, 惠超, 郭颂, 杨梅. 氮肥减量配施生物炭对北疆灌区春小麦光合和干物质转运特性及产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2023, 43: 311-320.
Song S L, Yang W J, Chen Y X, Jia Y H, Li D P, Hui C, Guo S, Yang M. Effect of reduced nitrogen fertilizer combined with biochar on photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield of spring wheat in irrigated area of Northern Xinjiang. J Triticeae Crops, 2023, 43: 311-320 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[17] 李思忠, 高卫时, 林明, 张立明, 白晓山, 刘军, 董心久, 沙红, 曹禹. 不同甜菜品系干物质积累及光合特性. 西北农业学报, 2023, 32: 1579-1586.
Li S Z, Gao W S, Lin M, Zhang L M, Bai X S, Liu J, Dong X J, Sha H, Cao Y. Photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of different sugar beet strains. Acta Agric Boreali- Occident Sin, 2023, 32: 1579-1586 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[18] 杨丽, 王劲松, 董二伟, 刘秋霞. 长期施用秸秆生物炭对土壤养分及作物生长的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2024, 42(2): 62-70.
Yang L, Wang J S, Dong E W, Liu Q X. Effects of long-term application of straw biochar on soil nutrient and crop growth. Agric Res Arid Areas, 2024, 42: 62-70 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[1] 毛嘉琦, 黄朋雨, 赵佳佳, 郑兴卫, 武棒棒, 郝宇琼, 屈非, 刘成, 马朋涛, 郑军. 山西小麦品种白粉病抗性评价及抗病基因分子检测[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1669-1681.
[2] 胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846.
[3] 陈雪燕, 何华川, 李政嘉, 董新盼, 李藕琪, 刘小云, 李丹萍, 陈志伟, 刘国霞, 吕胜源, 吴印莹, 赵振东, 曹新有, 万何平. 水培盐碱复合胁迫下‘济麦60’苗期根系有机酸分泌动态变化及其转录调控机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1859-1875.
[4] 高沛阳, 李瑾璇, 董宇奎, 石玉, 张振, 张永丽. 测墒补灌下小麦分蘖发生和成穗对施氮量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1847-1858.
[5] 张献丰, 郭利建, 李康春, 孔斌雪, 刘玉芳, 车卓, 杨德龙. 小麦ABHD6基因家族鉴定与粒重功能标记开发[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1711-1727.
[6] 翟胜男, 曹新有, 李豪圣, 李吉虎, 李法计, 刘金栋, 夏先春, 吕莹莹, 马瑞峰, 王颖, 耿洪伟, 刘建军. 小麦Pod-A1、Pod-D1和Pod-2D位点等位变异对籽粒过氧化物酶活性的遗传效应分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1593-1603.
[7] 习千辉, 徐梓瑗, 刘梦梦, 王宏艺, 郎凯琳, 井震海, 陈锋, 赵磊. 小麦籽粒铜含量的全基因组关联分析及候选基因预测[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1604-1617.
[8] 王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521.
[9] 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547.
[10] 何万龙, 耿洪伟, 张飞飞, 米克热阿依·阿巴白克热, 罗紫洋, 李鹏程, 周钊宇, 程宇坤. 基于深度学习的小麦重要病害图像识别系统的研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1401-1417.
[11] 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[12] 乔宇馨, 李程越, 康晓玉, 张鑫琪, 贾绍辉, 刘倩, 曹亚丽, 史鑫蕊, 郝兴宇, 李萍. 基于APSIM模型的长期免耕秸秆覆盖对旱地小麦增产效应研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1181-1192.
[13] 侯思宇, 王国璀, 韦金贵, 谢玮欣, 殷文, 樊志龙, 柴强, 胡发龙. 绿肥配施化学氮肥对西北干旱灌区小麦干物质积累及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1208-1219.
[14] 尚云秋, 赵竹, 陈欢, 丁永刚, 乔玉强, 李玮, 张向前, 曹承富, 杜世州. 长期定位耕作方式对雨养小麦籽粒灌浆和产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1236-1250.
[15] 赵翔, 李佳宜, 李爽, 韩文辉, 黄俊霞, 姚兴东, 张惠君, 王海英, 谢甫绨. 高温对不同大豆品种干物质积累和糖代谢的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 857-865.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2