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作物学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 3406-3419.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.64004
杜向兵1，李王成1,2,3,*，赵子博1，吕航1，何雷1，李佳文1
Du Xiang-Bing1,Li Wang-Cheng1,2,3,*,Zhao Zi-Bo1,Lyu Hang1,He Lei1,Li Jia-Wen1
摘要： 外源脱落酸(ABA)是调控作物抗旱响应的关键激素，然而其施用效果尚缺乏定量数据的系统评估。为此，本研究整合了全球70篇文献中的321组试验数据，采用整合分析(Meta-analysis)定量表征外源ABA在干旱胁迫下对作物叶片生理生化指标[相对含水量(RWC)、叶绿素含量(Chl)、气孔导度(Gs)、丙二醛(MDA)及过氧化氢(H2O2)]的综合效应，借助随机森林模型辅助识别重要调节因子，并通过回归与亚组分析进一步验证其重要性。结果表明，与干旱对照相比，施用外源ABA可显著提升叶片RWC (效应量I = 10.45%, P < 0.05)和Chl含量(I = 14.60%)，并降低Gs(I = ?11.44%)、MDA(I = ?17.94%)及H2O2含量(I = ?10.74%)。随机森林模型显示，处理时间、土壤RWC、ABA浓度、施用方式及作物类型均为调节外源ABA对叶片效应的潜在重要因子，其中处理时间对RWC与Chl的贡献度分别高达32.6%、36.3%。回归分析进一步表明，外源ABA对RWC、Chl、MDA及H2O2的调控效应存在显著的浓度依赖性，其对RWC的促进效应与土壤RWC间呈显著正相关，而对H2O2的调控存在显著时间效应(P < 0.05)。综上，在干旱胁迫下合理施用外源ABA总体上可有效改善作物叶片水分状况与光合性能，并减缓氧化损伤，该效应可通过优化ABA施用策略并结合作物田间管理措施进行协同调节。本研究可为干旱胁迫下外源ABA调控作物叶片生理生化响应提供定量参考。
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