欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 2168-2175.doi: 10.374/SP.J.1006.2008.02168

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮处理对水稻颖果淀粉积累和相关酶活性的影响

张军1,2;李运祥3;刘娟1,4;王忠1,4;陈刚1,4,*;熊飞1,4   

  1. 1 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州225009；2 扬州环境资源职业技术学院科研产业处，江苏扬州225127；3 泰山学院生物科学与技术系，山东泰安271021；4 扬州大学生物科学与技术学院，江苏扬州225009
  • 收稿日期:2008-03-07 修回日期:2008-07-11 出版日期:2008-12-12 网络出版日期:2008-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈刚
  • 作者简介:张军(1969-),江苏姜堰人,副教授,博士,主要从事作物生理生态教学与研究
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(30471045);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAD02A03);江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(06KJB210127);江苏省青蓝工程骨干老师资助项目;高邮市国家农业综合开发土地治理项目(2007)

Effects of Nitrogen on Starch Accumulation and Activities of Enzymes Involved in Starch Synthesis in Rice Caryopsis

ZHANG Jun12,LI Yun-Xiang3,LIU Juan14,WANG Zhong14,CHEN Gang14*,XIONG Fei14   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu; 2 Department of Scientific Research and Development, Yangzhou Vocational College of Environment and Resources, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu; 3 Department of Biological Science and Technology, Taishan University, Tai’an 271021, Shandong; 4 College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2008-03-07 Revised:2008-07-11 Published:2008-12-12 Published online:2008-10-10
  • Contact: CHEN Gang

PDF

1535

被引次数

22

摘要：

以扬稻6号和粳稻941为材料，通过盆栽试验，研究了不同施氮处理对水稻颖果淀粉积累和相关酶活性的影响。结果表明，增加穗肥施氮量显著降低颖果中的可溶性糖含量，淀粉含量有降低的趋势，但不明显。颖果中直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量随粒重的增加而上升，二者积累具有同步性；增加穗肥施氮量能显著降低颖果中直链淀粉含量，并使颖果中直链/总淀粉的比例降低，其效果要好于分蘖期施氮。分蘖期或孕穗期增施氮肥可以显著提高灌浆中、后期颖果中的ADPG焦磷酸化酶(AGP)、可溶性淀粉合酶(SSS)和淀粉分支酶(SBE)的活性，降低颖果中淀粉粒结合型淀粉合酶(GBSS)的活性。就施氮时期来看，孕穗期施氮(LH)对这些酶的促进或抑制效果好于分蘖期施氮(HL)。

关键词: 氮肥, 水稻, 颖果, 淀粉积累, 酶活性

Abstract:

Starch accumulation is the main event in the developing rice grain, and the activities of key enzymes involved in starch synthesis are the important factors affecting the grain filling. N-fertilizer can regulate the plant growth, flower emergence, grain yield and quality, while the effects of N-fertilizer on starch accumulation and the activities of key enzymes in rice grains are rarely known. In this study, two rice cultivars, Yangdao 6 and Jingdao 941, were used as materials to study the effects of nitrogen on starch accumulation and the activities of related enzymes involved in starch synthesis. The results indicated that increased panicle N-fertilizer could significantly decrease the soluble sugar in the developing caryopsis, while the starch content reduced slightly. The amylose and amylopectin contents in the caryopsis increased synchronously with the raising of grain weight. When the panicle N-fertilizer was added, the amylose content in caryopsis as well as the content ratio of amylose to total starch decreased observably. During the development of rice caryopses, the activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), soluble starch synthase (SSS) and starch branching enzyme (SBE) in endosperm changed as single peak curve. That was, the enzyme activities increased at the early stage of grain filling, till their peak at 10–15 d after flowering, then depressed. Application of nitrogen fertilizer could improve the activities of AGP, SSS, and SBE in rice caryopsis at middle and late filling stages, while decrease GBSS activity at early and middle filling stages. And the effect of the N fertilized at the booting stage was superior to that at the tilling stage.

Key words: Nitrogen fertilizer, Rice, Caryopsis, Starch accumulation, Enzyme activity

[1]Yang J-C(杨建昌), Su B-L(苏宝林), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Lang Y-Z(郎有忠), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森). Characteristics and physiology of grain-filling in intersubspecific hybrid rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 1998, 31(1): 7-14 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]Kato T. Change of sucrose synthase activity in developing endosperm of rice cultivars. Crop Sci, 1995, 35: 827-831
[3]Martin C, Smith A M. Starch biosynthesis. Plant Cell, 1995, 7: 971-985
[4]Nakamura Y, Yuki K, Park S, Ohya T. Carbohydrate metabo-lism in the developing endosperm of rice grain. Plant Cell Physiol, 1989, 30: 833-839
[5]Nakamura Y, Yuki K. Changes in enzyme activities associated with carbohydrate metabolism during the development of rice endosperm. Plant Sci, 1992, 82: 15-20
[6]Okita T W. Is there an alternative pathway for starch synthesis? Plant Physiol, 1992, 100: 560-564
[7]Greene T W, Hannah L C. Enhanced stability of maize en-dosperm ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is gained through mutants that alter subunit interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1998, 95: 13342-13347
[8]Umemoto T, Nakamura Y, Ishikura N. Activity of starch syn-thase and the amylose content in rice endosperm. Phytoche- mistry, 1995, 40: 1613-1616
[9]Peng J-S(彭佶松), Zheng Z-R(郑志仁), Liu D(刘涤), Hu Z-B(胡之璧). Starch biosynthesis and its key enzymes. Plant Physiol Commun (植物生理学通讯), 1997, 33(4): 297-303 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]Cheng F-M(程方民), Jiang D-A(蒋德安), Wu P(吴平), Shi C-H(石春海). The dynamic change of starch synthesis en-zymes during the grain filling stage and effects of temperature upon it. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2001, 27(2): 201-206 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]Cheng F-M(程方民), Zhong L-J(钟连进), Sun Z-X(孙宗修). Effect of temperature at grain-filling stage on starch biosyn-thetic metabolism in developing rice grains of early-indica. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2003, 36(5): 492-501 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]Yang J-C(杨建昌), Peng S-B(彭少兵), Gu S-L(顾世梁), Vis-peras R M, Zhu Q-S(朱庆森). Changes in activities of three enzymes associated with starch synthesis in rice grains during grain filling. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2001, 27(2): 157-164 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]Zhao B-H(赵步洪), Zhang W-J(张文杰), Chang E-H(常二华), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Changes in activities of the key enzymes related to starch synthesis in rice grains during grain filling and their relationships with the filling rate and cooking quality. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2004, 37(8): 1123-1129 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Ma J, Ming D F, Ma W B, Xu F Y. Changes in starch accu-mulation and activity of enzymes associated with starch syn-thesis of rice at different N supplying dates. Agric Sci China, 2004, 3: 738-745
[15]Zou Q(邹琦). A Guide of Phytophysiological Experiment (植物生理学实验指导). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. pp 111-112 (in Chinese)
[16]Standard of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China (中华人民共和国农业部标准), NY147-88: Measurement Methods for Rice Quality (米质测定方法). Beijing: China Standard Press, 1988 (in Chinese)
[17]Zhong L-J(钟连进), Cheng F-M(程方民). Varietal differences in amylose accumulation and activities of major enzymes associated with starch synthesis during grain filling in rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2003, 29(3): 452-456 (in Chi-nese with English abstract)
[18]Luo K(罗科). Changes of gelatinization temperature and starch accumulation in rice grain during the filling-ripening period. J Guangxi Agric Biol Sci (广西农业生物科学), 1987, (1): 9-12 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]Wu L-H(吴良欢), Chen F(陈峰), Fang P(方萍), Tao Q-N(陶勤南). Effects of nitrogen nutrition on photosynthesis in the leaf of rice plant. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 1995, 28(suppl): 104-107 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]Chen X-H(陈新红), Liu K(刘凯), Xu G-W(徐国伟), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Effects of nitrogen and soil moisture on photosynthetic characters of flag leaf, yield and quality during grain filling in rice. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ (Agric Sci) (上海交通大学学报·农业科学版), 2004, 22(1): 48-53 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]Chen J(陈娟), Wang Z(王忠), Chen G(陈刚), Wang Y-X(汪月霞), Mo Y-W(莫亿伟). Effects of various nitrogen fertilizer treatments on filling and respiratory rate of rice caryopsis. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2006, 20(4): 396-400 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]Preiss J. Starch biosynthesis and its regulation. Biochem Soc Trans, 1991, 19: 539-547
[23]Mizuno K, Kimura K, Arai Y, Kawasaki T, Shimada H, Baba T. Starch branching enzymes from immature rice seeds. J Biochem, 1992, 112: 643-651
[24]Fontaine T, D'Hulst C, Maddelein M L, Routier F, Pepin T M, Decq A, Wieruszeski J M, Delrue B, van den Koornhuyse N, Bossu J P. Toward an understanding of biogenesis of starch granule: Evidence that Chlamydomonas soluble starch syn-thase II controls the synthesis of intermediate size glucans of amylopectin. J Biol Chem, 1993, 268: 16223-16230
[25]Keeling P L, Bacon P J, Holt D C. Elevated temperature reduces starch deposition in wheat endosperm by reducing the activity of soluble starch synthase. Planta, 1993, 191: 342-348
[26]Wang W(王维), Cai Y-X(蔡一霞), Cai K-Z(蔡昆争), Zhang J-H(张建华), Yang J-C(杨建昌), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森). Effect of controlled soil drying on grain filling and activities of key enzymes for starch synthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 31(8): 972-979 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]Yang J C, Zhang J H, Liu L J, Wang Z Q, Zhu Q S. Carbon remo-bilization and grain filling in japonica/indica hybrid rice sub-jected to postanthesis water deficits. Agron J, 2002, 94: 102-109
[28]Yang J C, Zhang J H, Wang Z Q, Zhu Q S, Liu L J. Water deficit-induced senescence and its relationship to the remo-bilization of pre-stored carbon in wheat during grain filling. Agron J, 2001, 93: 196-206
[1] 田甜, 陈丽娟, 何华勤. 基于Meta-QTL和RNA-seq的整合分析挖掘水稻抗稻瘟病候选基因[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1372-1388.
[2] 郑崇珂, 周冠华, 牛淑琳, 和亚男, 孙伟, 谢先芝. 水稻早衰突变体esl-H5的表型鉴定与基因定位[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1389-1400.
[3] 周文期, 强晓霞, 王森, 江静雯, 卫万荣. 水稻OsLPL2/PIR基因抗旱耐盐机制研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1401-1415.
[4] 郑小龙, 周菁清, 白杨, 邵雅芳, 章林平, 胡培松, 魏祥进. 粳稻不同穗部籽粒的淀粉与垩白品质差异及分子机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1425-1436.
[5] 颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[6] 杨建昌, 李超卿, 江贻. 稻米氨基酸含量和组分及其调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1037-1050.
[7] 杨德卫, 王勋, 郑星星, 项信权, 崔海涛, 李生平, 唐定中. OsSAMS1在水稻稻瘟病抗性中的功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1119-1128.
[8] 朱峥, 王田幸子, 陈悦, 刘玉晴, 燕高伟, 徐珊, 马金姣, 窦世娟, 李莉云, 刘国振. 水稻转录因子WRKY68在Xa21介导的抗白叶枯病反应中发挥正调控作用[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1129-1140.
[9] 王小雷, 李炜星, 欧阳林娟, 徐杰, 陈小荣, 边建民, 胡丽芳, 彭小松, 贺晓鹏, 傅军如, 周大虎, 贺浩华, 孙晓棠, 朱昌兰. 基于染色体片段置换系群体检测水稻株型性状QTL[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1141-1151.
[10] 王泽, 周钦阳, 刘聪, 穆悦, 郭威, 丁艳锋, 二宫正士. 基于无人机和地面图像的田间水稻冠层参数估测与评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1248-1261.
[11] 陈悦, 孙明哲, 贾博为, 冷月, 孙晓丽. 水稻AP2/ERF转录因子参与逆境胁迫应答的分子机制研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 781-790.
[12] 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[13] 闫宇婷, 宋秋来, 闫超, 刘爽, 张宇辉, 田静芬, 邓钰璇, 马春梅. 连作秸秆还田下玉米氮素积累与氮肥替代效应研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 962-974.
[14] 陈云, 李思宇, 朱安, 刘昆, 张亚军, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 张伟杨, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 播种量和穗肥施氮量对优质食味直播水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 656-666.
[15] 袁嘉琦, 刘艳阳, 许轲, 李国辉, 陈天晔, 周虎毅, 郭保卫, 霍中洋, 戴其根, 张洪程. 氮密处理提高迟播栽粳稻资源利用和产量[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 667-681.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2