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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (08): 1415-1422.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01415

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于控制授粉技术的玉米籽粒建成与碳、氮供应关系

冯汉宇，王志敏，孔凡娜，张敏洁，周顺利*   

  1. 农业部农作制度重点开放实验室 / 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院，北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2011-02-11 修回日期:2011-04-27 出版日期:2011-08-12 网络出版日期:2011-06-13
  • 通讯作者: 周顺利, E-mail: zhoushl@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-003, 200903007)资助。

Relationships of Maize Kernel Setting with Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Supply under Controlling Pollination

FENG Han-Yu,WANG Zhi-Min,KONG Fan-Na,ZHANG Min-Jie,ZHOU Shun-Li*   

  1. Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture / College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2011-02-11 Revised:2011-04-27 Published:2011-08-12 Published online:2011-06-13
  • Contact: 周顺利, E-mail: zhoushl@cau.edu.cn

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1087

被引次数

8

摘要： 以郑单958和超试1号为材料，通过控制玉米果穗底部花丝不授粉使顶部籽粒正常结实，比较研究了玉米籽粒早期碳、氮含量动态变化及其与败育的关系。结果表明，控制底部花丝不授粉，提高了顶部穗轴的可溶性糖浓度，增加了对顶部籽粒的物质供应，顶部籽粒的可溶性糖、蔗糖含量提高，淀粉快速积累，顶部籽粒的氮含量增加，籽粒C/N比值提高，籽粒重量快速增加，发育转为正常，表现出与中部籽粒一致的碳、氮变化动态特征以及籽粒生长动态；相反，统一完全授粉处理顶部穗轴的可溶性糖浓度低，顶部籽粒的物质供应少，可溶性糖、蔗糖含量低，淀粉含量提高缓慢，氮含量也较低，籽粒的C/N比值偏低，表现为粒重增加缓慢，最后败育。2个品种表现出一致的规律性。总之，玉米顶部籽粒的正常发育伴随着碳、氮等物质的充足供应，物质供应不足可能是顶部籽粒不能正常发育的根本原因。

关键词: 玉米, 控制授粉, 籽粒败育

Abstract: Two different types of maize cultivar Zhengdan958 and Chaoshi1 were used, the apical kernel was stimulated to be set by decreasing the pollination of ear basal filaments, and a comparative study was conducted in the change of carbohydrate and nitrogen in early kernel and its relationships with kernel abortion. The results showed that nutrient supply of the apical region of maize ear was significantly improved in the treatment of no-pollination of basal ear region, so that concentration of soluble sugars in cob and kernel and kernel sucrose content increased significantly, starch of the apical kernel accumulated fast, kernel nitrogen content increased also, C/N value was higher, and the apical kernel weight increased fast and developed normally; on the contrary, nutrient supply of the apical region of maize ear was lower in the treatment of complete pollination at the same time, the concentration of soluble sugars in cob and kernel and kernel sucrose content were lower, the starch of the apical kernel accumulated slowly, the kernel nitrogen content and the C/N value were lower also, and the apical kernel weight increased slowly and aborted finally. Similar changes between the two maize cultivars in carbohydrate and nitrogen, and kernel growth were observed. These data indicated that the normal growth and development of the apical kernels are accompanied by an adequate carbohydrate and nitrogen supply, the shortage of nutrient supply may be the fundamental cause of kernel abortion.

Key words: Maize, Controlling pollination, Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, Kernel abortion

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