Rice (Oryza sativa L.),psf mutant,Ultra-structure,Photosynthesis rate,Chlorophyll fluorescence,"/> 水稻生育后期叶片早衰突变体的光合特性与叶绿体超微结构观察
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作物学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05): 871-879.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00871

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻生育后期叶片早衰突变体的光合特性与叶绿体超微结构观察

王复标1，黄福灯2，程方民1,*，李兆伟1，胡东维1，潘刚1,*，毛愉婵1   

  1. 1浙江大学农业与生物技术学院，浙江杭州310058; 2 浙江省农业科学院，浙江杭州310031
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-20 修回日期:2011-12-19 出版日期:2012-05-12 网络出版日期:2012-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 程方民, E-mail: chengfm@zju.edu.cn; 潘刚, E-mail: pangang12@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31071366和30871488)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。

Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Ultra-structure Characteristics of Flag Leaves for a Premature Senescence Rice Mutant

WANG Fu-Biao1,HUANG Fu-Deng2,CHENG Fang-Min1,*,LI Zhao-Wei1,HU Dong-Wei1,PAN Gang1,*,MAO Yu-Chan1   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 2 Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310031, China
  • Received:2011-10-20 Revised:2011-12-19 Published:2012-05-12 Published online:2012-02-13
  • Contact: 程方民, E-mail: chengfm@zju.edu.cn; 潘刚, E-mail: pangang12@126.com

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摘要： 以旗叶早衰的水稻突变体(psf)与其野生型对照(浙恢7954)为材料，对两者在水稻抽穗开花后旗叶衰老过程中的光合速率、叶绿素荧光和叶绿体超微结构比较分析表明，旗叶早衰突变后的每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重和单株产量均不同程度降低，以对每穗实粒数和结实率的影响程度最明显; 在水稻灌浆期间，psf旗叶的叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b值、净光合速率(Pn)、PSII潜在活性(Fv/Fo)和最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)均比其野生型对照明显降低，且随着抽穗开花后天数的推移，供试材料间的差异幅度呈逐渐拉大趋势; psf叶肉细胞中的叶绿体排列、形态大小及其类囊体结构在水稻抽穗开花期基本正常，但随着叶片衰老过程的推进，psf叶肉细胞中的叶绿体相继会出现沿细胞壁周缘化、外部形态缩皱变形、嗜锇颗粒增多变大、类囊体膜系统退化、片层结构完全解体等变化。其中，叶绿体沿叶肉细胞壁排列的周缘化与外形结构的球状化表现，与叶绿体类囊体膜系统损伤和开始降解之前的净光合速率(Pn)下降有关，而由类囊体膜系统受损所带来的Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo下降过程，则相对滞后于Pn和叶绿素含量下降的起始时间。

关键词: 水稻, psf突变体, 超微结构, 光合速率, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract: The influences of leaf premature senescence at the filling stage on photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and chloroplast ultra-structure were investigated using Zhehui 7954 (an excellent indica restorer line) and its leaf senescence mutant (psf). The results indicated that the psf mutant had significantly negative influence on the numbers of filling grains per panicle, seed-setting rate, 1000-grain weight and yield per plant, especially on the numbers of filling grains per panicle and seed-setting rate. Compared with CK, psf also exhibited dramatically lower chlorophyll content, the ratio of chlorophyll a/b, photosynthetic rate (Pn) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm at filling stage, which were further lowered in the process of maturity. No visual changesin the ultra-structure of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts were observed for psf, showing its intact thylakoid, plastoglobuli size and shape. However, abnormal shape and stacking parallel distribution of chloroplasts, near the cell wall, the degraded grana, the plastoglobuli residue and the destroyed chloroplast membrane could be detected in psf mesophyll cells, in which the appearance of stacking and spherical chloroplasts was responsible for the dropped Pn in psf leaf prior to the degradation and disintegration of thylakoid and grana membrane, thereby caused the decrease of Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm.

Key words: Rice (Oryza sativa L.)')">

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