不同小麦品种产量对冬前积温变化的响应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00149

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为确定河北省中部地区小麦品种适播期，筛选耐迟播品种，2011年秋至2014年夏在河北藁城采用播期×品种二因子裂区试验，研究了不同播期对当地12个主栽小麦品种产量的影响以及不同品种对冬前积温的响应。结果表明，播期对小麦产量有显著影响；不同品种对播期响应差异明显，分为迟钝型、中间型和迟播敏感型。迟钝型品种对播期不敏感，适播期长，冬前≥0℃积温范围为324~560℃，迟播后穗数和产量稳定；中间型品种适播期较长，积温范围为362~566℃，迟播后粒数增加，穗数和产量降低；迟播敏感型品种对播期敏感，适播期较短，积温大于511℃，不宜晚播，晚播后穗数和产量明显下降。在试验地区，推荐小麦适播期为迟钝型品种10月7日至22日、中间型品种10月7日至19日、敏感型品种10月5日至10日。

关键词: 小麦品种, 播期, 产量, 积温

Abstract:

The purposes of this study were to recommend optimal sowing dates of commercial wheat cultivars in middle part of Hebei province, China and screen out wheat cultivars acclimatized to late sowing. A field experiment was carried out with split plot design (main plot of sowing date and subplot of cultivar) in Gaocheng of Hebei province from Autumn 2011 to Summer 2014 to evaluate the effect of sowing date on 12 major cultivars and the response of cultivars to accumulated temperature before winter. The results showed that sowing date had significant influence on grain yield, and the 12 cultivars had different responses to sowing date. According to yield changing rate subject to late sowing, the 12 cultivars were classified into insensitive, intermediate, and sensitive types. Insensitive cultivars showed stable spike number and yield under late sowing condition, indicating a wide range of preferred sowing date. The desired accumulated temperature before winter was 324–560 °C. Intermediate cultivars also had a long period of sowing date with 362–566 °C before winter. Late sowing resulted in the increase of grain number but the decreases of spike number and yield in intermediate cultivars. Sensitive type had a narrow range of sowing date and was not suitable for late sowing, because at least 511 °C before winter was required. Late sowing resulted in obvious declines of spike number and yield in sensitive cultivars. In the middle part of Hebei province, we recommend that the optimal sowing time in wheat production is Oct. 7–22 for insensitive cultivars, Oct. 7–19 for intermediate cultivars, and Oct. 5–10 for insensitive cultivars.

Key words: Winter wheat, Sowing date, Yield, Accumulated temperature, Cultivar

吕丽华，梁双波，张丽华，贾秀领，董志强，姚艳荣. 不同小麦品种产量对冬前积温变化的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2016, 42(01): 149-156.

Lü Li-Hua,LIANG Shuang-Bo,ZHANG Li-Hua,JIA Xiu-Ling,DONG Zhi-Qiang,YAO Yan-Rong. Yield in Response to Accumulated Temperature before Winter in Winter Wheat[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2016, 42(01): 149-156.

参考文献

[1]郜庆炉, 薛香, 梁云娟, 吴玉娥, 茹振钢. 暖冬气候条件下调整小麦播种期的研究. 麦类作物学报, 2002, 22(2): 46–50

Gao Q L, Xue X, Liang Y J, Wu Y E, Ru Z G. Studies on regulating sowing time of wheat under the warm winter conditions. J Triticeae Crops, 2002, 22(2): 46–50 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[2]陈素英, 张喜英, 毛任钊, 王彦梅, 孙宏勇. 播期和播量对冬小麦冠层光合有效辐射和产量的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2009, 17: 681–685

Chen S Y, Zhang X Y, Mao R Z, Wang Y M, Sun H Y. Effect of sowing date and rate on canopy intercepted photo-synthetically active radiation and yield of winter wheat. Chin J Eco-agric, 2009, 17: 681–685 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[3]袁剑平, 杨永光, 李寿章. 小麦高产栽培技术. 郑州: 河南科学技术出版社, 1985

Yuan J P, Yang Y G, Li S Z. High Yield Cultivation Techniques in Wheat Production. Zhengzhou: Henan Science and Technology Press, 1985 (in Chinese)

[4]Chen C C, Payne W A, Amiley R W, Stoltz M A. Yield and water-use efficiency of eight wheat cultivars planted on seven dates in northeastern Oregon. Agron J, 2003, 95: 836–843

[5]Nleya T, Rickertsen J R. Winter wheat response to planting date under dryland conditions. Agron J, 2014, 106: 915–924

[6]徐永恒, 赵振东, 刘建军, 张存良, 刘爱锋, 张怀友, 毕德锋, 杭新杰. 群体调控对济南17号小麦产量性状的影响. 山东农业科学, 2001, (1): 7–9

Xu Y H, Zhao Z D, Liu J J, Zhang C L, Liu A F, Zhang H Y, Bi D F, Hang X J. Effect of population regulation on grain yield and agronomic characters in high quality bread wheat variety Jinan 17. Shandong Agric Sci, 2001, (1): 7–9 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[7]潘洁, 姜东, 戴廷波, 兰涛, 曹卫星. 不同生态环境与播种期下小麦籽粒品质变异规律的研究. 植物生态学报, 2005, 29: 467–473

Pan J, Jiang D, Dai T B, Lan T, Cao W X. Variation in wheat grain quality grown under different climatic conditions with different sowing dates. Acta Phytoecol Sin, 2005, 29: 467–473 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[8]Tapley M, Ortiz B V, van Santen E, Balkcom K S, Mask P, Weaver D B. Location, seeding date, and variety interactions on winter wheat yield in southeastern United States. Agron J, 2013, 105: 509–518

[9]Schwarte A J, Gibson L R, Karlen D L, Dixon P M, Liebman M, Jannink J L. Planting date effects on winter triticale grain yield and yield components. Crop Sci, 2006, 46: 1218–1224

[10]张维诚, 王志和, 任永信, 朱明哲. 有效分蘖终止期控制措施对小麦群体质量影响的研究. 作物学报, 1998, 24: 903–906

Zhang W C, Wang Z H, Ren Y X, Zhu M Z. Influences of control measures for end of valid tillering on population quality of winter wheat. Acta Agron Sin, 1998, 24: 903–906 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[11]于振文. 现代小麦生产技术. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2007. pp 23–24

Yu Z W. Techniques in Modern Wheat Production. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007. pp 23–24 (in Chinese)

[12]李丰, 周宏美, 赵秀峰, 卢红芳. 播种期对周麦18号籽粒灌浆特性及产量构成的影响. 山东农业科学, 2010, (5): 29–32

Li F, Zhou H M, Zhao X F, Lu H F. Effects of sowing dates on grain filling characteristics and yield components of Zhoumai 18. Shandong Agric Sci, 2010, (5): 29–32 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[13]胡焕焕, 刘丽平, 李瑞奇, 李慧玲, 李雁鸣. 播种期和密度对冬小麦品种河农822产量形成的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2008, 28: 490–495

Hu H H, Liu L P, Li R Q, Li H L, Li Y M. Effect of sowing date and planting density on the yield formation of a winter wheat cultivar Henong 822. J Triticeae Crops, 2008, 28: 490–495 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[14]简大为, 祁军, 张燕, 苏甫热木, 张喜琴. 播种期和密度对冬小麦新冬29号产量形成的影响. 西北农业学报, 2011, 20(11): 47–51

Jian D W, Qi J, Zhang Y, Su P R M, Zhang X Q. Effect of sowing date and planting density on the yield formation of a winter wheat cultivar Xindong 29. Acta Agric Boreali-Occid Sin, 2011, 20(11): 47–51 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[15]吴东兵, 曹广才, 李荣旗, 张仲琦, 全明. 小量播种条件下冬小麦的产量效应. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15: 2282–2286

Wu D B, Cao G C, Li R Q, Zhang Z Q, Quan M. Effects of small amount precision seeding on winter wheat yield. Chin J Appied Ecol, 2004, 15: 2282–2286 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[16]杨健, 张保军, 毛建昌, 马婧, 冯海平, 王惠萍, 张玉礼, 王栋. 播期与密度对冬小麦西农9871籽粒产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2011, 31: 529–534

Yang J, Zhang B J, Mao J C, M J, Feng H P, Wang H P, Zhang Y L, Wang D. Effects of sowing date and planting density on grain yield in winter wheat Xinong 9871. J Triticeae Crops, 2011, 31: 529–534 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[17]王东, 于振文, 贾效成. 播期对优质强筋冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响. 山东农业科学, 2004, (2): 25-26

Wang D, Yu Z W, Jia X C. Effects of sowing date on grain yield and quality for strong gluten winter wheat. Shandong Agric Sci, 2004, (2): 25-26 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[18]李素真, 周爱恋, 王霖, 王秋云, 孙雷鸣, 赵凯. 不同播期播量对不同类型超级小麦产量构成因子的影响. 山东农业科学, 2005, (5): 12–15

Li S Z, Zhou A L, Wang L, Wang Q Y, Sun L M, Zhao K. Effect of different sowing time and seed dosage on yield of different genotypes of super wheat. Shandong Agric Sci, 2005, (5): 12–15 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[19]汪建来, 孔令聪, 汪芝寿, 曹承富, 甘斌杰, 王瑞, 赵斌, 赵竹. 播期播量对皖麦44产量和品质的影响. 安徽农业科学, 2003, 31: 949–950

Wang J L, Kong L C, Wang Z S, Cao C F, Gan B J, Wnag R, Zhao B, Zhao Z. Effects of sowing date and sowing amount on grain yield and quality of wheat variety Wanmai 44. J Anhui Agric Sci, 2003, 31: 949–950 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[20]阴卫军, 刘霞, 倪大鹏, 邱登林, 王振林. 播期对优质小麦籽粒灌浆特性及产量构成的影响.山东农业科学, 2005, (5): 17–18

Yin W J, Liu X, Ni D P, Qiu D L, Wang Z L. Effect of sowing time on grain filling characteristics and grain yield components of high quality wheat cultivars. Shandong Agric Sci, 2005, (5): 17–18 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[21]王宙, 麻慧芳. 不同播期对小麦产量与品质的影响. 山西农业科学, 2007, 35(3): 36–38

Wang Z, Ma H F. Effect of sowing date to the yield and quality of wheat. J Shanxi Agric Sci, 2007, 35(3): 36–38 (in Chinese with English abstract)

相关文章 15

[1]	王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450.
[2]	王旺年, 葛均筑, 杨海昌, 阴法庭, 黄太利, 蒯婕, 王晶, 汪波, 周广生, 傅廷栋. 大田作物在不同盐碱地的饲料价值评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1451-1462.
[3]	颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[4]	杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[5]	陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515.
[6]	李祎君, 吕厚荃. 气候变化背景下农业气象灾害对东北地区春玉米产量影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1537-1545.
[7]	石艳艳, 马志花, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 李荣. 垄作沟覆地膜对旱地马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297.
[8]	闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[9]	柯健, 陈婷婷, 吴周, 朱铁忠, 孙杰, 何海兵, 尤翠翠, 朱德泉, 武立权. 沿江双季稻北缘区晚稻适宜品种类型及高产群体特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 1005-1016.
[10]	李瑞东, 尹阳阳, 宋雯雯, 武婷婷, 孙石, 韩天富, 徐彩龙, 吴存祥, 胡水秀. 增密对不同分枝类型大豆品种同化物积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 942-951.
[11]	王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[12]	李鑫格, 高杨, 刘小军, 田永超, 朱艳, 曹卫星, 曹强. 播期播量及施氮量对冬小麦生长及光谱指标的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 975-987.
[13]	杜浩, 程玉汉, 李泰, 侯智红, 黎永力, 南海洋, 董利东, 刘宝辉, 程群. 利用Ln位点进行分子设计提高大豆单荚粒数[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 565-571.
[14]	陈云, 李思宇, 朱安, 刘昆, 张亚军, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 张伟杨, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 播种量和穗肥施氮量对优质食味直播水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 656-666.
[15]	袁嘉琦, 刘艳阳, 许轲, 李国辉, 陈天晔, 周虎毅, 郭保卫, 霍中洋, 戴其根, 张洪程. 氮密处理提高迟播栽粳稻资源利用和产量[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 667-681.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed