作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1063-1075.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.93065
李瑞杰1,2,唐会会2,王庆燕2,许艳丽2,王琦2,卢霖2,闫鹏2,董志强2,*(),张凤路1,*()
LI Rui-Jie1,2,TANG Hui-Hui2,WANG Qing-Yan2,XU Yan-Li2,WANG Qi2,LU Lin2,YAN Peng2,DONG Zhi-Qiang2,*(),ZHANG Feng-Lu1,*()
摘要:
为探讨5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-ALA)和乙烯利(ETH)复配剂对东北春玉米生育期内低温冷害的调控机制, 创建东北春玉米区抗冷密植稳产化控栽培技术, 2018—2019年在吉林省公主岭试验站(43o9′55″N, 124o48′43″E), 以中单909为材料, 设置5-ALA和ETH不同浓度复配组合处理, 于拔节期(V6)进行叶面喷施, 研究各复配剂组合对春玉米源-库代谢、灌浆速率及产量的调控效应。5-ALA-ETH处理相比对照均改善了春玉米源-库代谢, 其中22.50 g hm-25-ALA配合450 mL hm-2ETH处理(A2E1)调控效果最优。A2E1处理下春玉米花前功能叶蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)活性和蔗糖含量平均比对照分别增加5.4%和7.9%, 在吐丝后20 d内功能叶蔗糖含量降低14.4%, 而籽粒蔗糖含量提高41.4%。5-ALA-ETH处理提高了籽粒最大灌浆速率, A2E1处理下在灌浆10~20 d籽粒蔗糖合酶(SS)分解方向酶活、籽粒酸性转化酶(AI)和中性转化酶(NI)活性相比对照平均分别提高12.5%、52.8%和24.1%。A2E1处理玉米收获期穗长、穗粒数比对照分别增加4.7%和8.6%, 秃尖长降低58.3%, 产量显著提高4.8%。综上所述, 5-ALA-ETH复配剂能够增加东北春玉米生育期内源强和库活性, 进而促进籽粒灌浆, 缓解低温冷害的影响, 对保障东北春玉米高产稳产具有重要意义。
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