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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 478-487.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11026

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱对不同品种小麦幼苗的生理生化胁迫以及外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸的缓解作用

陈新宜1(), 宋宇航1, 张孟寒1, 李小艳1, 李华1, 汪月霞1,*(), 齐学礼2,*()   

  1. 1河南农业大学生命科学学院, 河南郑州 450002
    2河南省作物分子育种研究院, 河南郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-12 接受日期:2021-07-12 出版日期:2022-02-12 网络出版日期:2021-08-03
  • 通讯作者: 汪月霞,齐学礼
  • 作者简介:E-mail: xychen3988@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(U1704103);国家重点研发计划项目资助(2015CB150106)

Effects of water deficit on physiology and biochemistry of seedlings of different wheat varieties and the alleviation effect of exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid

CHEN Xin-Yi1(), SONG Yu-Hang1, ZHANG Meng-Han1, LI Xiao-Yan1, LI Hua1, WANG Yue-Xia1,*(), QI Xue-Li2,*()   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2Institute of Crops Molecular Breeding, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-03-12 Accepted:2021-07-12 Published:2022-02-12 Published online:2021-08-03
  • Contact: WANG Yue-Xia,QI Xue-Li
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1704103);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2015CB150106)

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摘要：

黄淮主产区冬小麦生育期干旱灾害发生频繁, 造成小麦苗期严重光合生理伤害。为探讨不同小麦品种光合特性对干旱胁迫的响应, 以百农207, 周麦18以及小麦新品种郑麦1860为材料, 研究了干旱胁迫对不同品种小麦幼苗光合生理、抗氧化物酶、相关基因表达水平的影响以及外源ALA的干旱缓解作用。研究结果表明, 干旱胁迫下郑麦1860具有较高的根干重和根冠比, 与周麦18相比, 抗旱能力较强的郑麦1860和百农207叶绿素含量的下降幅度、MDA含量的增加幅度、叶绿素荧光参数和光合作用参数的下降幅度相对较低, 但SOD和CAT酶活性的增加幅度相对较大。同时, 干旱胁迫显著增加了CAT、SOD-Cu/Zn、MnSOD和FeSOD抗氧化酶相关基因的转录表达水平, 且增加程度与小麦的抗旱能力密切相关。外源ALA预处理能够通过对CAT、SOD-Cu/Zn和MnSOD的转录诱导, 进一步提高干旱胁迫下SOD和CAT酶的活性, 降低膜脂过氧化损伤程度, 同时提高ATP酶的活性, 缓解干旱对小麦光合生理的伤害。此外, 本研究首次发现, 小麦叶绿体光合机构相关psb28基因转录表达的维持也与不同品种的抗旱能力有一定联系, 且受外源ALA预处理的显著诱导。本研究结果显示, 干旱胁迫下小麦抗氧化酶及叶绿体光合作用相关基因的转录表达调控, 与不同品种的抗旱能力以及外源ALA的调节作用密切相关。

关键词: 小麦, 干旱, 品种, 基因表达, 5-氨基乙酰丙酸

Abstract:

Drought stress happens frequently in Huang-Huai winter wheat planted area, causing severe injury on photosynthetic apparatus of wheat seedlings. To characterize the traits of photosynthetic physiology in different wheat cultivars in response to water deficit, the newly in-lab cultivated Zhengmai 1860, as well as Bainong 207 and Zhoumai 18 were used as materials in this study. We explored the effects of water deficit on photosynthetic traits, antioxidant enzyme activities, and related gene transcription of seedlings in different cultivars, as well as the drought alleviation effect of exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). The results were as follows: Zhengmai 1860 had comparatively higher root dry weight and root shoot ratio than the other two cultivars under drought stress. Compared to Zhoumai 18, the drought resistant cultivars (Zhengmai 1860 and Bainong 207) had lower reduction in chlorophyll content and increased MDA content, enhanced the activities of SOD and CAT, and lowered reductions in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the photosynthetic parameters. Meanwhile, water deficit obviously improved the transcriptions of antioxidant enzyme-encoded genes CAT, SOD-Cu/Zn, MnSO, and FeSOD, which showed a correlation between the increasing level with the drought resistant ability. The exogenous pretreatment of ALA further enhanced the activities of SOD and CAT to lower the damage to membrane lipid peroxidation by inducing the transcriptions of CAT, SOD-Cu/Zn, and MnSOD. ATPase activity was also increased to alleviate water deficit on the damage to photosynthetic physiology. Moreover, we found for the first time that the transcriptional maintenance of chloroplast photosynthetic apparatus related psb28 gene had a correlation with the drought resistance between different wheat cultivars, which was also significantly induced by the exogenously pretreated ALA. These results in this study proposed that the transcriptions of antioxidant enzymes and chloroplast photosynthesis related genes had a close relationship with the drought resistant ability of wheat and the alleviation effect of exogenous ALA in wheat.

Key words: wheat, water deficit, cultivar, gene expression, 5-aminolevulinic acid

表1

实时荧光定量PCR引物序列"

基因名称
Gene name		 基因功能
Gene function		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)		 参考文献
Reference
SOD-Cu/Zn 叶绿体Cu和Zn超氧化物歧化酶
Chloroplast Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase		 F: CGCTCAGAGCCTCCTCTTT
R: CTCCTGGGGTGGAGACAAT		 [19]
FeSOD 叶绿体Fe超氧化物歧化酶
Chloroplast Fe superoxide dismutase		 F: GTCCTACTACGGCCTCACCA
R: ACGTAGTCCTGCTGGTGCTT		 [20]
MnSOD 线粒体Mn超氧化物歧化酶
Mitochondrion Mn superoxide dismutase		 F: CAGAGGGTGCTGCTTTACAA
R: GGTCACAAGAGGGTCCTGAT		 [20]
CAT 过氧化氢酶
Catalase		 F: CCATGAGATCAAGGCCATCT
R: ATCTTACATGCTCGGCTTGG		 [19]
psb28 叶绿体Psb28蛋白
Chloroplast Psb28 protein		 F: AACTGTCGAGCTGGTAACGG
R: ACCGGTTTTCCTCAGTTCGT		 本研究设计
Design in this study
Actin β-actin F: GGAATCCATGAGACCACCTAC
R: GACCCAGACAACTCGCAAC		 [21]

图1

干旱及外源ALA处理对不同抗旱性小麦外观形态和生物量的影响 数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差, 图中不同字母表示品种内处理间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。CK: 正常供水; Drought: 干旱处理; D+A: 干旱处理之前用外源ALA预处理。"

图2

干旱及外源ALA处理对不同抗旱性小麦叶绿素、MDA含量以及抗氧化酶活性的影响 数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差, 图中不同字母表示品种内处理间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。CK: 正常供水; Drought: 干旱处理; D+A: 干旱处理之前用外源ALA预处理。"

图3

干旱及外源ALA处理对不同抗旱性小麦叶绿素荧光参数和光合参数的影响 数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差, 图中不同字母表示品种内处理间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。CK: 正常供水; Drought: 干旱处理; D+A: 干旱处理之前用外源ALA预处理。"

图4

干旱及外源ALA处理对不同抗旱性小麦ATP酶活性的影响 数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差, 图中不同字母表示品种内处理间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。CK: 正常供水; Drought: 干旱处理; D+A: 干旱处理之前用外源ALA预处理。"

图5

干旱及外源ALA处理对不同抗旱性小麦抗氧化物酶基因转录表达的影响 数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差, 图中不同字母表示品种内处理间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。CK: 正常供水; Drought: 干旱处理; D+A: 干旱处理之前用外源ALA预处理。"

图6

干旱及外源ALA处理对不同抗旱性小麦叶绿体psb28基因表达的影响 数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差, 图中不同字母表示品种内处理间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。CK: 正常供水; Drought: 干旱处理; D+A: 干旱处理之前用外源ALA预处理。"

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