植物抗病毒侵染的分子机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00761

Abstract

Abstract: Viral diseases of plants seriously threaten the crop productivity. Many virus resistance genes are reported to play roles in restraining viral replication and preventing virus movement. The viral replication is a complex process which depends on virus-encoded proteins, host factors, and their interactions. Many host factors are actively engaged in viral replication, e.g. eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and 4G (eIF4G), and plant endomembrane systems. The loss-of-function or conformational changes of these host factors may inhibit viral replication. Furthermore, thioredoxin can regulate cellular redox state to restrain viral replication. Virus movement involves cell-to-cell movement and long distance movement. Hypersensitive cell death is trigged through the perception of a pathogen avirulence factor (Avr) by the cognate plant resistance protein (R protein) to limit the viral cell to cell movement. Dominant plant R genes, characterized by TIR-NBS-LRR or CC-NBS-LRR, are generally responsible for such kind of defense response. There are many factors associated with the long distance virus movement, but only polymerized RTM protein in phloem was identified to limit viral long distance movement. In addition, RNA silencing also actively functions as an antiviral defense response. This review is aimed to summarize various mechanisms of plant defense against virus attack, and to analyze possible implementations of MAS, TILLING, and transgenic technologies in the improvement of virus disease resistance in crops.

Key words: Plant, Virus, Gene, Resistance protein, Avirulence factor, RNA silencing

HOU Jing,LIU Qing-Qing,XU Ming-Liang. Molecular Mechanism of Plant Defense against Virus Attack[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2012, 38(05): 761-772.

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