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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 898-908.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00924

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Optimization of Plant Density and Row Spacing for Mechanical Harvest in Winter Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

KUAI Jie1,SUN Ying-Ying1,ZUO Qing-Song2,LIAO Qing-Xi1,LENG Suo-Hu2,CHENG Yu-Gui3,CAO Shi1,WU Jiang-Sheng1,ZHOU Guang-Sheng1,*   

  1. 1 College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; 3 Agricultural Institute of Yichang City, Yichang 443004, China
  • Received:2015-11-13 Revised:2016-03-14 Online:2016-06-12 Published:2016-03-21
  • Contact: 周广生, E-mail: zhougs@mail.hzau.edu.cn E-mail:kuaijie@mail.hzau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2014BAD11B03), the China Agriculture Research System (NYCYTC-00510), the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203096), and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (2013PY001, 2015BQ001).

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Abstract:

The field experiment was conducted with the cultivar Huayouza 62, which was seeded at 15 (R15), 25 (R15), and 30 (R15) cm in row spacing and 15 (D1), 30 (D2), and 45 (D3) ×104 plants hm–2 indensity. The theoretical yield, leaf area index (LAI), pod area index (PAI), mechanical-harvested yield and yield loss were measured and calculated. Results showed that plant density and row spacing signi?cantly a?ected the seed yield of rapeseed. The yield was increased as the plant density increased or row spacing reduced. Compared with the planting patterns used by farmers (D2R25), D3R15 could achieve 14.1% increase in yield, which was the highest yield among all the treatments because of appropriate mortality, the highest LAI, PAI and the light interception (LI). Population biomass had the similar trend with yield while harvest index (HI) significantly increased with increasing plant density and row spacing. HI was significantly and negatively correlated with LI/ LAI (PAI), indicating that lower LI/ LAI (PAI) was favorable for increasing HI. Plant height and aboveground biomass reduced and root/shoot ratio increased with increasing plant density and row spacing, which led to decrease root and stem lodging. Improvement in resistance to pod shattering was also observed as plant density and row spacing increased. These changes all contributed to mechanical harvesting operations, resulting in reducing yield loss. As the regression equations showed, compared with D2R25, 43.8×104 plants ha–1 in combination with 21 cm row spacing was optimum for rapeseed to maximize seed yield and minimize lodging and pod shattering so as to facilitate mechanical harvest. The combination could make the LAI increase by 21.02%, light transmittance (LT) and LI/LAI decreased by 32.47% and 17.36%; PAI increased by 15.08%, LT and LI/PAI decreased by 32.04% and 3.30%.

Key words: Rapeseed, Density, Row spacing, Mechanical harvesting, Yield

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