基于不同发育阶段协同的小麦品种抗旱性综合评判

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.21008

Abstract

Abstract:

Screening of drought resistance identification indicators and establishment of evaluation models can provide a basis for the selection and optimization of drought-resistant wheat varieties. Taking 23 winter wheat varieties mainly promoted in Huanghuaihai wheat area as the test materials, setting two treatments of drought and full irrigation, measuring 12 morphological and physiological parameters of wheat at the jointing, booting, flowering, and grain filling stages, and calculating drought resistance coefficient for each morphological and physiological trait. Principal component analysis, membership function method, grey relational degree method, cluster analysis, and stepwise regression analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance of wheat varieties. The results showed that under drought stress, the variation range of traits at booting and filling stages was relatively large (7.4%-41.7%), while the variation range of traits at jointing and flowering stage was relatively small (9.63%-31.63%). The correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant or extremely significant correlation between the measured agronomic parameters at each growth stage. Further, principal component analysis was used to convert the 12 trait parameters into 6 mutually independent comprehensive indicators at jointing, booting, and flowering stages, and 5 mutually independent comprehensive indicators at filling stage, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 89.03%, 88.69%, 87.68%, and 85.83% for above four stages, respectively. The membership function method was introduced to calculate the comprehensive drought resistance evaluation value (SD value) for each growth stage, and the quantitative relationship between SD value and yield drought resistance index (DRI) was analyzed, and the fitting precision of the simulation equation were the highest 0.744 at anthesis and the lowest 0.679 at filling. In order to better integrate the information of drought resistance at different stages, the first four parameters with the highest correlation with SD value at each stage were selected through the grey correlation degree and combined to form an evaluation index system for the whole growth period. The principal component and membership function analysis were carried out again to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of drought resistance based on whole growth stages (MD), and this derived MD value can explain 87.8% of DRI variation, which represented an 18.1% increase over determinative coefficient of the best single stage. According to MD value, the varieties can be divided into four categories, moderate drought resistance, moderately weak drought resistance, weak drought resistance, and extremely weak drought resistance. A comprehensive evaluation mathematical model (R²=0.995) for the whole growth stage was established through the stepwise regression analysis, and the plant height and leaf water content at jointing, proline, plant height, and chlorophyll a at booting, chlorophyll a and soluble sugar at anthesis, and proline and leaf water content at filling were selected as a set of screening indicators. This study provides the theoretical guidance and information support for the early selection of drought-resistant material of wheat and the identification and promotion in suitable areas.

Key words: winter wheat, drought resistance, principal component analysis, different stage, comprehensive evaluation

MENG Yu, TIAN Wen-Zhong, WEN Peng-Fei, DING Zhi-Qiang, ZHANG Xue-Pin, HE Li, DUAN Jian-Zhao, LIU Wan-Dai, GUO Tian-Cai, FENG Wei. Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of wheat varieties based on synergy of different developmental stages[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(2): 570-582.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1

Yield and drought resistance index of different drought-resistant wheat varieties"

品种 Cultivar	2017-2018			2018-2019			2020-2021
	产量GY (kg hm^-2)		抗旱指数 DI	产量GY (kg hm^-2)		抗旱指数 DI	产量GY (kg hm^-2)		抗旱指数 DI
	干旱 Drought	对照 Control	抗旱指数 DI	干旱 Drought	对照 Control	抗旱指数 DI	干旱 Drought	对照 Control	抗旱指数 DI
洛旱19 Luohan 19	4116.30	6511.65	0.98	4497.41	9626.30	1.08	5232.84	7924.74	1.07
洛旱22 Luohan 22	4465.50	6712.65	1.12	4629.63	9771.00	1.13	5512.60	8426.90	1.11
洛麦26 Luomai 26	3865.50	6796.95	0.83	4188.70	9740.74	0.93	4964.37	9015.75	0.84
中麦175 Zhongmai 175	3715.80	6522.45	0.80	4001.85	9718.52	0.85	4849.92	8381.60	0.87
百农207 Bainong 207	3622.80	6265.35	0.79	3914.44	8518.52	0.93	4730.24	7771.28	0.89
晋麦47 Jinmai 47	4136.10	6463.05	1.00	4000.01	8259.26	1.00	5175.54	8279.02	1.00
周麦27 Zhoumai 27	2899.65	6366.45	0.50	4015.93	9037.04	0.92	5177.82	8639.05	0.96
中麦895 Zhongmai 895	2485.65	4782.45	0.49	3407.41	8740.74	0.69	4458.67	8921.62	0.69
新科麦169 Xinkemai 169	2955.45	5914.20	0.56	3949.81	8370.37	0.96	4817.19	8981.66	0.80
安农0711 Annong 0711	3843.60	6191.40	0.90	4007.96	8925.93	0.93	5133.58	9256.37	0.88
良星99 Liangxing 99	3801.30	6188.40	0.88	4327.22	9048.70	1.07	4387.07	8062.51	0.74
化成3366 Huacheng 3366	2661.45	5985.45	0.45	3942.78	9296.30	0.86	4411.63	7524.62	0.80
丰德存麦21 Fengdecunmai 21	4082.96	6714.92	0.94	4208.15	9777.78	0.93	4385.17	8371.15	0.71
淮麦33 Huaimai 33	3895.80	5870.10	0.98	3870.37	9185.19	0.84	4646.40	7279.30	0.94
丰德存麦5号 Fengdecunmai 5	3595.80	6722.10	0.73	4008.89	9185.19	0.90	4522.10	7446.05	0.92
郑麦136 Zhengmai 136	3358.35	6592.05	0.65	4031.85	9185.19	0.91	—	—	—
新麦36 Xinmai 36	—	—	—	3481.48	9222.22	0.68	5135.30	9311.73	0.88
丰德存麦1号 Fengdecunmai 1	—	—	—	4177.22	9296.30	0.97	5206.64	8760.67	0.96
周麦32 Zhoumai 32	3159.15	6426.45	0.59	—	—	—	—	—	—
郑麦7698 Zhoumai 7698	3153.45	5208.60	0.72	—	—	—	—	—	—
洛旱7号 Luohan 7	3958.35	6261.45	0.95	—	—	—	—	—	—
郑麦369 Zhengmai 369	—	—	—	3670.19	9407.41	0.74	—	—	—
豫农516 Yunong 516	—	—	—	4011.48	9477.27	0.88	—	—	—

Table 1

Table 2

Effects of drought treatment on the main traits of wheat"

植株性状 Plant trait	处理 Treatment	拔节期 Jointing		孕穗期 Booting		开花期 Anthesis		灌浆期 Filling
植株性状 Plant trait	处理 Treatment	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	变异系数 CV (%)	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	变异系数 CV (%)	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	变异系数 CV (%)	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	变异系数 CV (%)
株高	干旱处理 Drought	36.80±10.55	28.66	61.8±23.19	37.52	79.07±11.64	14.78	80.27±13.03	16.22
Plant height (cm)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	40.20±4.63	11.51	72.93±10.87	14.91	82.67±6.71	8.12	84.33±8.90	10.55
脯氨酸	干旱处理 Drought	132.28±34.40	26.01	150.04±43.16	28.77	172.40±47.31	27.44	212.85±88.81	41.72
Proline (mg g^‒1)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	75.79±11.77	15.53	78.68±15.43	19.62	86.06±15.65	17.49	103.43±21.68	20.97
游离氨基酸	干旱处理 Drought	0.60±0.11	16.94	0.63±0.09	15.65	0.55±0.11	21.22	0.65±0.17	27.01
Free amino acids (mg g^‒1)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	0.49±0.05	9.43	0.49±0.07	14.54	0.45±0.07	16.42	0.57±0.10	17.62
可溶性糖	干旱处理 Drought	42.06±8.98	21.37	59.37±11.23	18.93	66.63±15.65	23.52	80.93±21.67	26.77
Soluble sugar (mg g^‒1)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	27.56±5.16	18.72	38.24±6.20	16.21	46.67±8.88	19.02	54.83±8.86	16.17
叶氮含量	干旱处理 Drought	2.45±0.33	13.42	2.98±0.22	7.4	2.60±0.25	9.63	2.57±0.27	10.56
Leaf N content (%)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	3.00±0.30	10.12	3.25±0.29	8.86	3.27±0.28	8.78	3.15±0.26	8.74
叶水含量	干旱处理 Drought	77.57±24.54	31.63	72.78±15.47	21.26	68.95±13.60	19.72	63.51±22.39	35.26
Leaf water content (%)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	81.65±14.39	17.63	78.38±9.69	12.36	75.07±8.09	10.78	72.33±14.27	19.73
叶面积指数	干旱处理 Drought	1.78±0.30	16.9	2.16±0.37	17.09	1.88±0.30	16.09	1.71±0.31	18.46
Leaf area index	灌溉处理 Irrigation	1.93±0.28	15.01	2.36±0.35	14.86	2.38±0.29	12.13	2.43±0.36	14.81
植株含水量	干旱处理 Drought	79.55±17.54	22.05	74.94±13.85	18.48	67.03±12.99	19.38	62.69±12.59	20.09
Plant water content (%)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	81.08±8.67	10.69	77.95±7.69	9.86	72.59±8.63	11.9	69.24±8.91	12.87
地上干物质	干旱处理 Drought	2474.80±359.09	13.57	4488.80±609.33	14.51	5769.76±725.44	12.57	5304.62±746.69	14.08
Aboveground biomass (kg hm^‒2)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	2735.80±264.02	16.46	4998.50±768.06	9.65	6325.79±1147.03	18.13	6267.79±753.72	12.03
叶绿素a含量	干旱处理 Drought	1.83±0.40	21.77	2.01±0.54	27.08	2.55±0.79	31.14	2.36±0.57	24.23
Chlorophyll a (mg g^‒1)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	2.29±0.31	13.46	2.74±0.43	15.57	3.37±0.66	19.61	3.17±0.46	14.47
类胡萝卜素	干旱处理 Drought	0.39±0.07	17.39	0.39±0.07	18.38	0.47±0.09	19.15	0.41±0.08	18.43
Carotenoids (mg g^‒1)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	0.46±0.05	11.64	0.52±0.07	13.87	0.57±0.07	12.48	0.63±0.09	14.82
等效水厚度	干旱处理 Drought	0.13±0.02	16.8	0.07±0.01	18.86	0.07±0.02	26.83	0.05±0.01	25.71
Equivalent water thickness (g cm^‒2)	灌溉处理 Irrigation	0.14±0.02	11.74	0.08±0.01	13.38	0.09±0.02	21.95	0.06±0.01	20.42

Table 2

Fig. 1

Table 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 4

Fig. 4

Table 5

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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生育时期 Growth stage	项目 Item	主成分Principal component
生育时期 Growth stage	项目 Item	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	CI₄	CI₅	CI₆
拔节期 Jointing	特征值 Eigenvalue	6.377	1.217	0.992	0.826	0.708	0.564
拔节期 Jointing	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	53.141	10.141	8.269	6.880	5.897	4.700
	累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)	53.141	63.282	71.552	78.432	84.329	89.030
	权重Index weight (W_j)	0.597	0.114	0.093	0.077	0.066	0.053
孕穗期 Booting	特征值 Eigenvalue	6.171	1.416	0.955	0.795	0.684	0.623
孕穗期 Booting	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	51.422	11.799	7.955	6.626	5.702	5.188
	累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)	51.422	63.221	71.176	77.802	83.504	88.692
	权重Index weight (W_j)	0.580	0.133	0.090	0.075	0.064	0.058
开花期 Anthesis	特征值 Eigenvalue	5.918	1.636	1.024	0.752	0.691	0.501
开花期 Anthesis	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	49.317	13.636	8.529	6.263	5.759	4.174
	累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)	49.317	62.953	71.482	77.746	83.505	87.679
	权重Index weight (W_j)	0.562	0.156	0.097	0.071	0.066	0.048
灌浆期 Grain filling	特征值 Eigenvalue	5.606	2.418	0.969	0.721	0.586
灌浆期 Grain filling	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	46.717	20.148	8.076	6.010	4.880
	累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)	46.717	66.865	74.941	80.951	85.831
	权重Index weight (W_j)	0.544	0.235	0.094	0.070	0.057

性状 Trait	拔节期 Jointing		孕穗期 Booting		开花期 Anthesis		灌浆期 Filling
性状 Trait	关联度 Correlation degree	位次 Rank	关联度 Correlation degree	位次 Rank	关联度 Correlation degree	位次 Rank	关联度 Correlation degree	位次 Rank
株高 Plant height	0.7891	1	0.8328	2	0.6304	9	0.7004	7
脯氨酸 Proline	0.7177	7	0.7776	9	0.6574	4	0.7074	5
游离氨基酸 Free amino acids	0.7213	5	0.8426	1	0.6593	3	0.7421	1
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	0.7002	9	0.7711	10	0.6457	6	0.7120	3
叶片氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content	0.6427	12	0.7067	12	0.6346	8	0.6877	8
叶片含水量 Leaf water content	0.7592	3	0.7921	4	0.6261	10	0.7333	2
叶面积系数 Leaf area index	0.7291	4	0.7164	11	0.6135	11	0.7008	6
植株含水量 Plant water content	0.6962	11	0.7846	7	0.5841	12	0.6846	9
地上部生物量 Aboveground biomass	0.7148	8	0.7835	8	0.6750	2	0.7084	4
叶绿素a Chlorophyll a	0.7886	2	0.8319	3	0.6978	1	0.6107	12
类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids	0.6997	10	0.7876	5	0.6558	5	0.6492	10
等效水厚度 Equivalent water thickness	0.7181	6	0.7871	6	0.6423	7	0.6492	11

项目 Item	主成分Principal component
项目 Item	CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	CI₄	CI₅	CI₆
特征值 Eigenvalue	9.959	1.095	1.007	0.778	0.635	0.565
贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	62.243	6.842	6.294	4.862	3.967	3.528
累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)	62.243	69.086	75.380	80.242	84.209	87.737
权重Index weight (W_j)	0.709	0.078	0.072	0.055	0.045	0.040

Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of wheat varieties based on synergy of different developmental stages

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