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Genetic difference and genome association analysis of grain quality traits in Xinjiang winter wheat

MA Yan-Ming1,2,*,LOU Hong-Yao3,WANG Wei1,SUN Na4,YAN Guo-Rong1,ZHANG Sheng-Jun4,LIU Jie2,NI Zhong-Fu2,XU Lin1,*   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China; 2 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 3 Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; 4 Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Ili Prefecture, Yining, Xinjiang 835011, China
  • Received:2023-04-26 Revised:2024-01-31 Accepted:2024-01-31 Published:2024-03-01
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Science and Technology Resource Sharing Service Platform: National Crop Germplasm Resource Bank Project (NCGRC-2021-029) and the Third National Census and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources (19191234).

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Abstract:

Seven grain quality traits were tested in the panel of 188 winter wheat accessions from Xinjiang. 12 co-associated genetic loci were detected in four different environments via GWAS, explaining 6.021%?31.467% phenotypic variation. Two pleiotropism loci, located on chromosomes 6A and 2B, associated with protein content and settlement value, protein content and bulk density of wheat. Five pleiotropism loci, located on 3A, 1B, 6B, 7B, and 7D, shared by protein content and wet gluten content. One pleiotropism locus, located on 5B chromosome, associated with settlement value, bulk density of wheat and grain hardness. Three pleiotropism loci located on 7A, 3B, and 2D, respectively, which shared by protein content, settlement value, and wet gluten content, while one pleiotropism locus with unknown site was also associated with protein content, settlement value, and wet gluten content. These associated loci or genes might be employed to select favorite wheat genotypes, and cultivate elite wheat genotypes via marker-assisted selection in wheat quality breeding. Candidate genes at stable loci associated with multiple traits were searched, and 11 candidate genes that might be related to wheat grain quality with multiple traits and environments were screened. Among them, TraesCS6B01G347500 encoded a storage and transportation protein, TraesCS1B01G395400 encoded a carbohydrate transport protein/sugar transport protein, and TraesCS2D01G246500 gene encoded a protein ESKIMO1 related to cold tolerance, salt tolerance, and water conservation. These genes can be used as candidate genes for allelic variation analysis and marker development, provide molecular tools for wheat marker assisted selection breeding.

Key words: Xinjiang, winter wheat, kernel quality, genetic diversity, genome-wide association analysis

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