Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica,

Acta Agronomica Sinica

   

Pedigree analysis of the wheat backbone parent Lumai 14

SHI Xiao-Lei1,**,SUN Xu-Sheng2,**,PAN Guo-Qing1,QIU Li-Hua1,RONG Xin-Yu1,ZHAO Chun-Hua1,WU Yong-Zhen1,SUN Han1,QIN Ran1,*,CUI Fa1,*   

  1. 1 School of Horticulture, Ludong University / Yantai Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding and Efficient Cultivation for High Yield and Stress Resistance of Crops, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China; 2 Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2025-03-01 Revised:2025-07-09 Accepted:2025-07-09 Published:2025-07-15
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Taishan Scholars Program (20230119), the Yantai Science and Technology Plan Project (2023ZDCX023), the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province (2024LZGCQY012, 2022LZG002-2), and the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2022MC119).

Abstract:

As a staple food crop in China, wheat plays a vital role in national food security, and the development of elite cultivars is of paramount importance. Lumai 14, a representative variety in the Huang-Huai wheat region, exhibits superior traits such as high yield, stability, and resistance to multiple diseases. These attributes have made it not only a key cultivar in production but also an important backbone parent in breeding programs. In this study, we systematically analyzed the pedigree of Lumai 14 and its 438 derived varieties, constructing a pedigree network to trace the genetic lineage from the early foundational parent Youzimai to Lumai 14. We also examined the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of its derived varieties. The results showed that since 1991, Lumai 14 has contributed to the development of 438 derived lines, including 285 third-generation varieties. Notably, in the past five years alone, 264 new varieties have been developed, with over half derived from Jimai 22, highlighting its substantial breeding influence. These findings indicate that both Lumai 14 and Jimai 22, like their ancestral parents Youzimai and Youbaomai, continue to serve as critical backbone parents and valuable germplasm resources in China. The majority of Lumai 14-derived varieties are concentrated in Shandong and Hebei provinces, located in the northern Huang-Huai wheat region. Further analysis of breeding trends over the past five years revealed an increasing issue of repetitive and concentrated use of backbone parents. Genetic diversity analysis of 20 Lumai 14-derived and 9 Lumai 13-derived varieties using the wheat 55K SNP chip showed that the genetic similarity coefficients among these 29 varieties ranged from 0.87 to 0.99, indicating a high level of genetic homogenization. Moving forward, greater attention should be given to the narrowing genetic base of wheat in China, and efforts to innovate and expand germplasm resources should be strengthened.

Key words: wheat, variety, Lumai 14, backbone parents, pedigree analysis

[1] 李永祥, 王天宇, 黎裕. 主要农作物骨干亲本形成与研究利用. 植物遗传资源学报, 2019, 20: 1093–1102.

Li Y X, Wang T Y, Li Y. Formation and research utilization of backbone parents in major crops. J Plant Genet Resour, 2019, 20: 1093–1102 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[2] 李振声. 我国小麦育种的回顾与展望. 中国农业科技导报, 2010, 12(2): 1–4.

Li Z S. Review and prospect of wheat breeding in China. J Agric Sci Technol, 2010, 12(2): 1–4 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[3] Li G W, Ren Y, Yang Y X, Chen S L, Zheng J Z, Zhang X Q, Li J L, Chen M G, Sun X N, Lyu C L, et al. Genomic analysis of Zhou 8425B, a key founder parent, reveals its genetic contributions to elite agronomic traits in wheat breeding. Plant Commun, 2025, 6: 101222.

[4] Zhao C H, Zhang N, Fan X L, Ji J, Shi X L, Cui F, Ling H Q, Li J M. Dissecting the key genomic regions underlying high yield potential in common wheat variety Kenong 9204. J Integr Agric, 2023, 22: 2603–2616.

[5] 刘泽厚, 万洪深, 杨凡, 王琴, 唐豪, 杨宁, 杨武云, 李俊. 西南麦区骨干亲本川麦42重要基因组区段的确定及其对衍生品种的遗传贡献. 西南农业学报, 2024, 37: 897–912.

Liu Z H, Wan H S, Yang F, Wang Q, Tang H, Yang N, Yang W Y, Li J. Identification of key genomic regions in backbone parent Chuanmai 42 and their genetic contributions to derived cultivars in southwestern China wheat region. Southwest China J Agric Sci, 2024, 37: 897–912 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[6] 唐建卫, 殷贵鸿, 高艳, 王丽娜, 韩玉林, 黄峰, 于海飞, 杨光宇, 李新平, 肖永贵, 等. 小麦骨干亲本周8425B及其衍生品种()的农艺性状和加工品质综合分析. 麦类作物学报, 2015, 35: 777–784.

Tang J W, Yin G H, Gao Y, Wang L N, Han Y L, Huang F, Yu H F, Yang G Y, Li X P, Xiao Y G, et al. Comprehensive analysis of agronomic traits and processing quality in wheat backbone parent Zhou 8425B and its derived cultivars (lines). J Triticeae Crops, 2015, 35: 777–784 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[7] 刘兆晔, 于经川, 孙妮娜, 李林志. 骨干亲本鲁麦13、鲁麦14在山东小麦育种中的应用. 农业科技通讯, 2015, (1): 87–90.

Liu Z Y, Yu J C, Sun N N, Li L Z. Application of backbone parents Lumai 13 and Lumai 14 in wheat breeding in Shandong province. Agric Sci Technol Newsl, 2015, (1): 87–90 (in Chinese).

[8] 盖红梅, 李玉刚, 王瑞英, 李振清, 王圣健, 高峻岭, 张学勇. 鲁麦14对山东新选育小麦品种的遗传贡献. 作物学报, 2012, 38: 954–961.

Gai H M, Li Y G, Wang R Y, Li Z Q, Wang S J, Gao J L, Zhang X Y. Genetic contribution of Lumai 14 to newly bred wheat cultivars in Shandong province. Acta Agron Sin, 2012, 38: 954–961 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[9] 孙妮娜, 赵明, 王冬梅, 孙亮, 严美玲, 赵倩, 姜鸿明, 于经川, 李林志. 小麦骨干亲本鲁麦14’的育种价值分析. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(10): 13–17.

Sun N N, Zhao M, Wang D M, Sun L, Yan M L, Zhao Q, Jiang H M, Yu J C, Li L Z. Analysis of breeding value of wheat backbone parent ‘Lumai 14’. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2020, 36(10): 13–17 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[10] 卢良恕. 反映我国小麦育种科学发展的新成就: 评《中国小麦品种及其系谱》. 中国农业科学, 1985, 18(3): 96.

Lu L S. Reflecting new achievements in China’s wheat breeding science: a review of Chinese wheat varieties and their pedigrees. Sci Agric Sin, 1985, 18(3): 96 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[11] 庄巧生. 中国小麦品种改良及系谱分析. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003. pp 10–13.

Zhuang Q S. Chinese Wheat Improvement and Pedigree Analysis. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003. pp 10–13 (in Chinese).

[12] 郑建敏, 罗江陶, 万洪深, 李式昭, 杨漫宇, 李俊, 杨恩年, 蒋云, 刘于斌, 王相权, . 四川省小麦育成品种系谱分析及发展进程. 遗传, 2019, 47: 599–610.

Zheng J M, Luo J T, Wan H S, Li S Z, Yang M Y, Li J, Yang E N, Jiang Y, Liu Y B, Wang X Q, et al. Pedigree analysis and development process of wheat cultivars in Sichuan province. Hereditas (Beijing), 2019, 47: 599–610 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[13] 农业部粮食生产总局种子处. 蚰子麦. 农业科学通讯, 1956, (1): 43–44.

Seed Division of the Grain Production Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture. Youzimai wheat. Agric Sci Technol Newsl, 1956, (1): 43–44 (in Chinese).

[14] 于经川, 刘兆晔, 姜鸿明, 严美玲, 孙晓辉. 蚰包麦的选育及其在育种上的应用. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(2): 189–192.

Yu J C, Liu Z Y, Jiang H M, Yan M L, Sun X H. Breeding and application of Youbaomai in wheat breeding programs. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2007, 23(2): 189–192 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[15] 段友臣, 程敦公, 李豪圣, 宋健民, 赵振东, 刘建军. “十五以来山东省小麦育种现状及发展趋势. 山东农业科学, 2011, 43(6): 30–34.

Duan Y C, Cheng D G, Li H S, Song J M, Zhao Z D, Liu J J. Current status and development trends of wheat breeding in Shandong province since the 10th five-year plan period. Shandong Agric Sci, 2011, 43(6): 30–34 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[16] 李亚军, 王江浩, 赵爱菊, 刘玉平, 陈希勇, 李尔民, 柳英东. “十一五河北省小麦育种进展及发展策略. 河北农业科学, 2009, 13(4): 53–55.

Li Y J, Wang J H, Zhao A J, Liu Y P, Chen X Y, Li E M, Liu Y D. Progress and development strategies of wheat breeding in Hebei province during the 11th five-year plan period. J Hebei Agric Sci, 2009, 13(4): 53–55 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[17] 李爱国, 宋晓霞, 吴春西, 赵月强, 张文斐, 王改革. 黄淮南片小麦新品种表型特点及育种现状浅析. 作物研究, 2020, 34: 368–373.

Li A G, Song X X, Wu C X, Zhao Y Q, Zhang W F, Wang G G. Phenotypic characteristics and current breeding status of new wheat varieties in southern Huang-Huai region. Crop Res, 2020, 34: 368–373 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[18] 易腾飞, 李珊珊, 李嘉豪, 白云飞, 赵勇, 张树华, 杨学举. 261份小麦品种基于农艺性状的遗传多样性分析. 河北农业大学学报, 2018, 41(2): 7–13.

Yi T F, Li S S, Li J H, Bai Y F, Zhao Y, Zhang S H, Yang X J. Genetic diversity analysis of 261 wheat varieties based on agronomic traits. J Hebei Agric Univ, 2018, 41(2): 7–13 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[19] 张志鹏. 20世纪中国小麦育种事业发展史研究. 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文, 陕西杨凌, 2022.

Zhang Z P. Research on the Development History of Wheat Breeding in 20th Century China. MS Thesis of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 2022 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[20] 李旭华, 牟丽明, 令鹏. 149份春小麦种质资源遗传多样性分析. 寒旱农业科学, 2024, 3: 531–537.

Li X H, Mu L M, Ling P. Genetic diversity analysis of 149 spring wheat germplasm resources. J Cold Arid Agric Sci, 2024, 3: 531–537 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[21] 程斌, 丁延庆, 曹宁, 高旭, 徐建霞, 罗永露, 张立异, 王伟. 基于120K液相芯片对310份小麦种质的遗传多样性分析. 麦类作物学报, 2024, 44: 1104–1114.

Cheng B, Ding Y Q, Cao N, Gao X, Xu J X, Luo Y L, Zhang L Y, Wang W. Genetic diversity analysis of 310 wheat germplasms using 120k liquid-chip technology. J Triticeae Crops, 2024, 44: 1104–1114 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[22] 汪强, 沈会权, 徐肖, 张英虎, 杨红燕, 程怡璠, 梁志浩, 薛松, 郭爱奎, 于文青, 等. 小麦种质资源性状分析及遗传多样性评价. 大麦与谷类科学, 2024, 41(3): 8–13.

Wang Q, Shen H Q, Xu X, Zhang Y H, Yang H Y, Cheng Y F, Liang Z H, Xue S, Guo A K, Yu W Q, et al. Trait analysis and genetic diversity evaluation of wheat germplasm resources. Barley Cereal Sci, 2024, 41(3): 8–13 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[23] 岳福菊, 信军. 农业国家技术发明奖一等奖概况及案例分析. 农业科研经济管理, 2019, (2): 26–29.

Yue F J, Xin J. Overview and case analysis of first prize winners of national technology invention award in agriculture. Manag Econ Agric Sci Res, 2019, (2): 26–29 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[24] 王龙啟. 小麦远缘杂交育成新品系遗传组成鉴定及性状评价. 山东农业大学硕士学位论文, 山东泰安, 2022.

Wang L Q. Genetic Composition Identification and Trait Evaluation of New Wheat Lines Developed Through Distant Hybridization. MS Thesis of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China, 2022 (in Chinese with English abstract).

[25] Ji Y Z, Yang G T, Li X F, Wang H G, Bao Y G. Development and characterization of two wheat-rye introgression lines with resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew. Int J Mol Sci, 2024, 25: 11677.

[26] Zeng J, Zhou C L, He Z M, Wang Y, Xu L L, Chen G D, Zhu W, Zhou Y H, Kang H Y. Disomic substitution of 3d chromosome with its homoeologue 3e in tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum enhances wheat seedlings tolerance to salt stress. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24: 1609.

[1] WU Liu-Ge, CHEN Jian, ZHANG Xin, DENG Ai-Xing, SONG Zhen-Wei, ZHENG Cheng-Yan, ZHANG Wei-Jian. Changes in yield and quality traits of nationally approved winter wheat varieties in China over last twenty years [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(7): 1814-1826.
[2] ZHAO Jia-Wen, LI Zi-Hong, OU Xing-Yu, WANG Yi-Lang, DING Xiao-Fei, LIANG Yue-Yao, DING Wen-Jin, ZHANG Hai-Peng, MA Shang-Yu, FAN Yong-Hui, HUANG Zheng-Lai, ZHANG Wen-Jing. Effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer management on grain yield and quality of weak-gluten wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(7): 1914-1933.
[3] WANG Tian-Yi, YANG Xiu-Juan, ZHAO Jia-Jia, HAO Yu-Qiong, ZHENG Xing-Wei, WU Bang-Bang, LI Xiao-Hua, HAO Shui-Yuan, ZHENG Jun. Gliadin diversity and its effects on flour quality in wheat from Shanxi province, China [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(7): 1784-1800.
[4] CHEN Ru-Xue, SUN Li-Fang, ZHANG Xin-Yuan, MU Hai-Meng, ZHANG Yong-Xin, YUAN Li-Xue, PENG Shi-Le, WANG Zhuang-Zhuang, WANG Yong-Hua. Effects of combined straw returning and microbial inoculant application on carbon-nitrogen metabolism in flag leaves and yield formation in winter wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(7): 1901-1913.
[5] LYU Guo-Feng, FAN Jin-Ping, WU Su-Lan, ZHANG Xiao, ZHAO Ren-Hui, LI Man, WANG Ling, GAO De-Rong, BIE Tong-De, LIU Jian. Genetic analysis of key target traits in the early-maturing wheat cultivar Yangmai 37 [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(6): 1538-1547.
[6] WU Mei-Juan, ZHANG Yin-Hui, LI Yuan-Hao, LIU Hai-Xia, HUANG Yi-Lin, LI Tian, LIU Hong-Xia, ZHANG Xue-Yong, HAO Chen-Yang, GUO Jie, HOU Jian. Functional dissection of sucrose synthase gene TaSUS2 regulating grain starch synthesis and quality in wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(6): 1514-1525.
[7] YANG Si-Jie, DU Qi-Di, CHAI Shou-Xi, XIONG Hong-Chun, XIE Yong-Dun, ZHAO Lin-Shu, GU Jia-Yu, GUO Hui-Jun, LIU Lu-Xiang. Genetic mapping of mutant genes on flag leaf length and width in wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(6): 1548-1557.
[8] ZHAO Gang, ZHANG Jian-Jun, DANG Yi, FAN Ting-Lu, WANG Lei, ZHOU Gang, WANG Shu-Ying, LI Xing-Mao, NI Sheng-Li, MI Wen-Bo, ZHOU Xu-Jiao, CHENG Wan-Li, LI Shang-Zhong. Effects of straw mulching on soil water temperature effect and winter wheat yield in different rainfall years in Dryland Loess Plateau [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(6): 1643-1653.
[9] MENG Xiang-Yu, DIAO Deng-Chao, LIU Ya-Rui, LI Yun-Li, SUN Yu-Chen, WU Wei, ZHAO Wen, WANG Yu, WU Jian-Hui, LI Chun-Lian, ZENG Qing-Dong, HAN De-Jun, ZHENG Wei-Jun. Genetic analysis of high yield and yield stability characteristics of new wheat variety Xinong 877 [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(5): 1261-1276.
[10] WANG Qing, WANG Yi-Xiu, LI Yue-Nan, LYU Yong-Hui, ZHANG Hai-Bo, LIU Na, CHENG Hong-Yan. Differences in transcriptomic responses to cadmium stress in high/low-Cd- accumulation wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(5): 1230-1247.
[11] WANG Jia-Jie, WANG Zheng-Nan, BATOOL Maria, WANG Wang-Nian, WEN Jing, REN Chang-Zhong, HE Feng, WU You-You, XU Zheng-Hua, WANG Jing, KUAI Jie, WANG Bo, ZHOU Guang-Sheng, FU Ting-Dong. Comparison of physiological characteristics of salt and alkali tolerance between rapeseed and wheat [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(5): 1215-1229.
[12] WANG Dong, WANG Sen, SHANG Li, FENG Hao-Wei, ZHANG Yong-Qiao, CUI Jia-Ming, LI Shuang, ZHANG Jia-Cong, CHE Huan. Effect of supplementary irrigation on winter wheat yield and water use efficiency in semi humid areas of the Loess Plateau [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(5): 1312-1325.
[13] LI Pei-Hua, LI Jie, MENG Xiang-Yu, SUN Yu-Chen, FENG Yong-Jia, LI Yun-Li, DIAO Deng-Chao, ZHAO Wen, WU Wei, HAN De-Jun, ZHANG Song-Wu, ZHENG Wei-Jun. Evaluation of stress tolerance and physiological response of cold-type wheat under heat stress [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(4): 1118-1130.
[14] LI Qiao, YE Yang-Chun, CHANG Xu-Hong, WANG De-Mei, WANG Yan-Jie, YANG Yu-Shuang, MA Rui-Qi, ZHAO Guang-Cai, CAI Rui-Guo, ZHANG Min, LIU Xi-Wei. Effects of high temperature and drought stresses on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat after anthesis [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(4): 1077-1090.
[15] WANG Jiao, BAI Hai-Xia, HAN Yu-Yan, LIANG Hui, FENG Ya-Nan, ZHANG Dong-Sheng, LI Ping, ZONG Yu-Zheng, SHI Xin-Rui, HAO Xing-Yu. Effects of elevated CO2 concentration, increased temperature and their interaction on the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Liangxing 99 winter wheat leaves [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(4): 1061-1076.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!