中国高粱地方品种遗传多样性评价及中、外高粱遗传变异水平比较

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00224

Abstract

Abstract: The genetic variation of 184 Chinese sorghum landraces (Sorghum bicolor L.) from a broad geographic area and representing different phenotypes, and 69 representative foreign cultivated sorghum accessions (world sorghum), was assessed using 32 nuclear SSR primer pairs. Overall, lower level of genetic diversity was detected in Chinese sorghum than in world sorghum. The allelic richness (Rs) and Nei’s allele diversity (He) for Chinese sorghum and world sorghum were 9.81 and 0.629, and 11.52 and 0.745, respectively. Fewer unique alleles were detected in Chinese sorghum than in world sorghum. Chinese sorghum had a genetic diversity level lower than accessions from East Africa (He=0.732), North America (He=0.707) and South Asia (He=0.712); and was only comparable to those from South African accessions (He=0.609). Marked differences in level of genetic variation were revealed between Chinese sorghum landraces from 12 provinces, with Rs ranging from 3.64 to 4.88 and He from 0.517 to 0.714. Accessions from Jilin Province exhibited the highest level of genetic diversity among all regions in China, which was comparable to the sorghum in East Africa . The results indicated a strong divergence of Chinese sorghum from world sorghum, but a weak differentiation among Chinese sorghum both on regional and type bases. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly separated Chinese sorghum from world accessions but could not separate Chinese sorghum into discrete geographical or phenotypic groups. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 20.43% of the total genetic variation was attributable to the difference between world and Chinese sorghum and 79.57% occurred among Chinese and world sorghum accessions. For Chinese sorghum, partitioning the total variation revealed that genetic diversity mainly existed among accessions within regions (91.94%) or eco-regions (94.97%) rather than among regions (8.06%) or eco-regions (5.03%). Similarly, a large portion (97.93%) of the total variation was found within types compared to among types (2.07%). Our study supports the view that Chinese sorghum is of African origin. Chinese sorghum may have experienced a long history of natural and human selection when largely isolated from outside world since prehistoric time. Suggestions for sorghum breeding programs were presented in the light of these data.

Key words: Sorghum bicolor, Genetic diversity, Microsatellites, Evolution, Origin

ZHANG Han, WANG Jian-Cheng, WANG Dong-Jian, TAO Feng-Xia, HU Jin-Fang, SONG Guo-An, GUAN Yan-An, LI Ru-Yu. Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Chinese Sorghum Landraces Using SSR Markers as Compared with Foreign Accessions[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37(02): 224-234.

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Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Chinese Sorghum Landraces Using SSR Markers as Compared with Foreign Accessions

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