植物有性生殖对高温胁迫的响应机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.32020

Abstract

Abstract:

The occurrence of extreme hot weather poses a threat to crop production. Heat stress suffered at reproductive stage in crops is always correlated with crop yield losses, and thus the underlying molecular mechanisms are of great significance in crop thermotolerance improvement. However, relevant studies are mainly focused on Arabidopsis and less is known in crops. From the perspective of plants, here, we reviewed the heat-stress responses at reproductive stage, including meiosis process, tapetum degradation, microspore development, pollen-tube germination, and fertilization, as well as seed development. Based on these advances, we proposed feasible strategies for thermotolerance improvement, which will pave a way for the breeding of heat-tolerant crop varieties.

Key words: plants, sexual reproduction, heat stress, response, molecular mechanism, thermotolerance

CHEN Sai-Hua, ZHONG Wei-Jie, XUE Ming. Advances in heat-stress responses at sexual reproduction stage in plants[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(12): 3143-3153.

Figures/Tables 2

Fig. 1

Table 1

Genes, proteins, and signaling pathways responding to heat stress and their corresponding strategies"

生殖阶段 Reproductive stage	物种 Species	基因/蛋白/信号通路 Gene/Protein/Signal pathway	高温的响应 Responses to heat stress	效应 Effects	参考文献 Reference	应对高温的策略(高温下) Strategies for heat resistance (Under heat stress)
减数分裂 Meiosis	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	SPO11, DMC1, ASY4, ASY1, and ZYP1	被抑制 Repressed	遗传交叉的数量显著减少，联会复合体组装受到影响Decrease CO number, affect the SC assembly	[14]	增强蛋白的稳定性 To increase their stability
	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	ATM → MRE11-RAD50-NBS1	被诱导 Upregulated	确保DSB修复成功，维护高温下减数分裂染色体的完整性 Ensure the recovery of DSB	[17]	增强ATM的表达 To increase ATM expression
	大麦 Barley	ASY1 → DMC1-RecA	被诱导 Upregulated	促进同源染色体序列交换 Promote the exchange of	[19]	增强ASY1的表达
	玉米 Corn	HSP101 → RAD51	被诱导 Upregulated	促进DSB修复与同源重组 Ensure the recovery of DSB and recombination	[20]	增强HSP101的表达 To increase HSP101 expression
	玉米 Corn	INVAN6 → Tre6P/SnRK1	被诱导 Upregulated	调控花药中糖的稳态 Regulate the sugar homeostasis in anthers	[21]	增强INVAN6的表达 To increase INVAN6 expression
	水稻 Rice	cCu/Zn-SOD1/OsCATB ┫ROS/MDA	被抑制 Repressed	花粉中的ROS/MDA含量上升，花粉活力下降 The ROS content elevated and the pollen viability decreased	[22, 23]	增强 SOD1和CATB的酶活 To enhance SOD1 and CATB e
	杨树 Populus	PtCYCA1;2/CYCA1;2	被抑制 Repressed	减数分裂I期到减数分裂II期的转变失败 Hinder the transition from meiosis Ⅰ to meiosis Ⅱ	[25]	增强 PtCYCA1;2的表达 To increase PtCYCA1;2
绒毡层降解 Tapetal degradation	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	MYB80 → UNDEAD	被抑制 Repressed	绒毡层的降解提前和花粉败育 Exhibit premature tapetal degradation and pollen abortion	[29]	增强此通路 To enhance this pathway
绒毡层降解 Tapetal degradation	棉花 Cotton	GhMYB66/GhMYB4 → GhCKI	被诱导 Upregulated	延迟绒毡层的程序性细胞死亡和花药开裂 Delay tapetum programmed cell death and anther dehiscence	[30, 31, 32]	减弱此通路 To attenuate this pathway
小孢子发育Microspore development	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	bZIP17/bZIP28/bZIP60 → UPR	被诱导 Upregulated	UPR的感受与信号转导，促进UPR As sensor and signal transducer of UPR, promote UPR	[34, 35]	增强此通路 To enhance this pathway
	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	IRE1-AtbZIP60 → SEC31A → UPR	被诱导 Upregulated	激活UPR，维持高温下花粉的发育与活力 Activate UPR, maintain the pollen viability	[36]	增强此通路 To enhance this pathway
	番茄/拟南芥 Tomato/ Arabidopsis	HsfA1a, HsfA2, AtREN1	被诱导 Upregulated	增加了花粉高温抗性 Improve the thermotolerance of pollen	[37, 38, 39]	增强这些基因的表达 To increase these genes
	水稻 Rice	OsHSP60-3B-FLO6	被诱导 Upregulated	稳定FLO6蛋白，调控后期淀粉体的发育 Stabilize FLO6 and modulate starch granule biogenesis	[40]	增强OsHSP60对FLO6的稳定 To stabilize FLO6 by enhancing OsHSP60
	番茄 Tomato	SlACS3/SlACS11 → ethylene synthesis	被诱导 Upregulated	促进乙烯合成 Promote ethylene synthesis	[42]	促进 SlACS3/SlACS11的表达 To promote SlACS3/SlACS11
	番茄 Tomato	SlETR3/SlCTR2 → ethylene signal transduction	被诱导 Upregulated	促进乙烯信号转导 Promote ethylene signal transduction	[42]	促进SlETR3/SlCTR2的表达 To promote SlETR3/SlCTR2
	拟南芥, 大麦 Arabidopsis, barley	YUC2, YUC6, TAA1/TIR2	被抑制 Repressed	降低了内源生长素的含量，导致花粉败育 Decrease the Auxin content and make pollen abortion	[43]	调节生长素合成基因表达 Modulate genes in Auxin biosynthesis
	棉花 Cotton	miR160 ┫ARF10/ARF17	被诱导 Upregulated	激活生长素信号，增强高温敏感性 Activate the auxin signaling pathway and enhance heat sensitivity	[46]	抑制miR160的表达 To repress the expression of miR160
花粉管萌发与授精 Pollen tube growth and fertilization	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	CNGC16 → HsfA2/HsfB1d	被诱导 Upregulated	感受钙离子信号，激活热激反应 Sensitive to calcium, activate heat shock response	[49]	增强此信号通路 To enhance this pathway
	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	TMS1	被诱导 Upregulated	促进高温下花粉管的正常生长 Promote the pollen tube growth under heat stress	[50]	增强 TMS1的表达 To promote TMS1 gene expression
	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	CLE45-SKM1/SKM2	被诱导 Upregulated	改善高温下花粉管的生长缺陷 Compensate the deficiency of pollen tube growth	[51]	增强CLE45的表达 To enhance the expression of CLE45
籽粒发育 Seed development	拟南芥 Arabidopsis	SnRK1-FUSCA3(FUS3)	被诱导 Upregulated	SnRK1介导了胚胎发育阶段FUS3的体内磷酸化 The phosphorylation of FUS3 mediated by SnRK1	[53]	稳定SnRK1的活性 To stabilize the activity of SnRK1
	二穗短柄草 Brachypodium	APR6 → H2A.Z	被抑制 Repressed	H2A.Z在染色体上占据的规律被扰乱 Impair the profile and deposition of H2A.Z	[56]	增强 APR6的表达 To enhance APR6
其他 Others	番茄 Tomato	F3H → Flavonols ┫ROS	被诱导 Upregulated	黄酮醇物质作为抗氧化剂抑制ROS的积累 Reduce ROS accumulation by flavonols	[52]	增强F3H等基因的表达 To promote F3H gene
	水稻 Rice	HTH5 ┫ROS	被诱导 Upregulated	抑制ROS的积累，提高花粉活力 Reduce ROS accumulation, improve pollen viability	[57]	增强HTH5的表达 To promote HTH5

Table 1

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Advances in heat-stress responses at sexual reproduction stage in plants

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