高温胁迫下冷型小麦的抗逆性评估及其生理响应研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41044

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-temperature stress on wheat varieties with different temperature adaptations and to assess the stress resistance of cold-type wheat. Two cold-type wheat varieties (Lengzi 857 and Lengzi 863), two warm-type wheat varieties (Nuanzi 58 and Nuanzi 979), and the control variety Bainong 207 were selected as research materials. Photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and yield were measured during the grain-filling stage under high-temperature stress. The results showed that high-temperature stress reduced the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance in all varieties, while intercellular CO₂ concentration increased. The decline in net photosynthetic rate was most severe in the warm-type varieties (Nuanzi 979 and Nuanzi 58) and least pronounced in the cold-type varieties (Lengzi 857 and Lengzi 863). Antioxidant enzyme activity was generally higher in the cold-type varieties compared to the warm-type ones. High-temperature stress also shortened the grain-filling period by advancing the rapid filling phase, resulting in reduced thousand-grain weight and overall yield. However, yield losses in cold-type varieties were comparatively smaller, reflecting their stronger resistance to high-temperature stress. A positive correlation was observed between antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic performance, suggesting that antioxidant enzyme activity is a key indicator for evaluating yield potential and stress resistance in wheat. In conclusion, this study underscores the superior stress resistance of cold-type wheat during the grain-filling stage under high-temperature stress, providing a scientific basis for breeding cold-type wheat varieties and advancing the understanding of stress resistance mechanisms in wheat.

Key words: cold-type wheat, high temperature stress, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity, yield

LI Pei-Hua, LI Jie, MENG Xiang-Yu, SUN Yu-Chen, FENG Yong-Jia, LI Yun-Li, DIAO Deng-Chao, ZHAO Wen, WU Wei, HAN De-Jun, ZHANG Song-Wu, ZHENG Wei-Jun. Evaluation of stress tolerance and physiological response of cold-type wheat under heat stress[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(4): 1118-1130.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 1

Effects of high temperature stress on activities of different antioxidant enzymes during grain filling in 2022"

抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	处理第1天 Day 1		处理第6天 Day 6		处理第11天 Day 11
抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	286.36 ± 6.41 ab	291.31 ± 6.29 a	284.95 ± 5.30 a	265.76 ± 8.80 a	240.81 ± 3.84 a	226.67 ± 2.98 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	291.92 ±1.83 b	297.68 ± 2.29 ab	293.54 ± 6.24 a	278.99 ± 6.30 b	260.40 ± 5.36 b	239.60 ± 6.07 b
	百农207 Bainong 207	279.60 ± 6.82 a	287.27 ± 0.91 a	285.25 ± 1.40 a	287.68 ± 2.82 bc	252.83 ± 13.57 ab	239.29 ± 3.65 b
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	286.57 ± 3.79 ab	307.47 ± 12.76 b	286.36 ± 8.40 a	293.84 ± 6.48 c	258.48 ± 7.87 ab	257.47 ± 5.39 c
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	289.80 ± 5.39 b	311.01 ± 8.87 b	285.66 ± 4.44 a	292.42 ± 7.47 c	267.88 ± 12.08 b	269.19 ± 1.56 d
过氧化物酶POD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	117.12 ± 11.66 ab	125.80 ± 10.03 a	139.17 ± 9.03 b	113.83 ± 12.39 ab	126.86 ± 10.33 b	100.67 ± 5.18 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	132.43 ± 9.30 b	123.77 ± 5.30 a	111.99 ± 5.86 a	108.64 ± 11.53 a	126.65 ± 2.02 b	103.50 ± 14.00 b
	百农207 Bainong 207	111.39 ± 4.54 a	116.99 ± 4.58 a	106.75 ± 5.94 a	111.14 ± 4.47 a	95.48 ± 5.03 a	88.09 ± 7.11 a
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	113.07 ± 11.92 a	128.91 ± 5.75 a	129.36 ± 11.61 b	119.78 ± 4.20 ab	123.69 ± 11.45 b	107.14 ± 4.69 b
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	112.63 ± 7.91 a	121.78 ± 2.44 a	139.39 ± 5.08 b	129.92 ± 11.54 bb	111.61 ± 9.29 b	107.81 ± 0.62 b
过氧化氢酶CAT (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	117.71 ± 2.46 bc	100.23 ± 4.25 ab	107.26 ± 2.79 b	90.28 ± 1.65 a	94.72 ± 1.35 ab	85.48 ± 2.04 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	109.70 ± 3.62 a	97.09 ± 5.34 a	102.04 ± 2.23 a	89.80 ± 4.08 a	89.75 ± 3.81 a	81.25 ± 2.60 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	111.22 ± 3.12 ab	98.12 ± 3.70 a	104.39 ± 1.55 ab	91.86 ± 1.62 a	96.00 ± 2.82 b	87.20 ± 6.39 a
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	121.36 ± 4.78 c	112.42 ± 4.07 c	112.36 ± 2.12 c	105.56 ± 0.56 c	106.27 ± 3.59 c	102.62 ± 3.27 c
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	113.80 ± 3.48 ab	107.08 ± 0.27 bc	104.05 ± 2.85 ab	99.17 ± 2.40 b	98.04 ± 2.85 b	94.96 ± 3.07 b
抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	处理第16天 Day 16		处理第21天 Day 21		处理第26天 Day 26
抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	212.63 ± 8.65 a	182.73 ± 14.71 a	179.70 ± 7.90 ab	152.02 ± 12.06 a	146.87 ± 7.79 a	121.60 ± 10.59 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	220.00 ± 1.09 ab	179.80 ± 10.04 a	170.30 ± 11.65 a	153.23 ± 19.16 a	158.79 ± 10.01 a	120.91 ± 7.59 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	227.07 ± 12.28 b	178.79 ± 7.50 a	187.78 ± 5.22 b	167.17 ± 9.56 a	160.00 ± 8.42 a	135.45 ± 14.86 ab
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	248.08 ± 3.04 c	216.06 ± 1.39 b	217.37 ± 6.68 c	202.53 ± 10.85 b	187.37 ± 11.85 b	167.78 ± 18.10 c
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	254.04 ± 6.40 c	219.19 ± 10.22 b	226.26 ± 11.02 c	199.80 ± 2.91 b	191.82 ± 3.64 b	158.08 ± 13.46 bc
过氧化物酶POD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	103.56 ± 12.95 a	91.41 ± 11.27 abc	93.08 ± 8.11 abc	62.41 ± 8.24 a	82.80 ± 7.93 b	55.05 ± 11.04 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	100.71 ± 9.31 a	82.51 ± 3.65 a	82.43 ± 9.13 a	88.66 ± 3.41 b	60.62 ± 1.93 a	72.40 ± 5.80 ab
	百农207 Bainong 207	90.87 ± 8.04 a	87.44 ± 9.06 ab	84.05 ± 12.41 ab	81.28 ± 8.40 ab	77.93 ± 4.03 b	73.29 ± 7.81 ab
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	107.43 ± 11.22 a	99.59 ± 9.27 bc	103.68 ± 5.78 c	98.11 ± 13.63 b	88.36 ± 14.96 b	84.12 ± 5.05 b
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	101.94 ± 8.52 a	106.12 ± 4.52 c	100.29 ± 5.41 bc	92.01 ± 17.63 b	86.30 ± 5.74 b	82.88 ± 15.20 b
过氧化氢酶CAT (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	87.97 ± 2.23 ab	73.13 ± 1.04 a	82.65 ± 2.83 b	70.83 ± 1.28 a	75.70 ± 0.54 b	65.17 ± 0.80 ab
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	84.48 ± 1.11 a	71.35 ± 1.62 a	74.67 ± 1.31 a	71.29 ± 2.55 a	70.53 ± 3.28 a	63.82 ± 1.23 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	87.70 ± 1.90 ab	72.89 ± 0.67 a	75.91 ± 3.26 a	70.69 ± 1.25 a	73.24 ± 1.13 ab	68.20 ± 2.29 b
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	96.56 ± 0.96 c	91.79 ± 2.58 c	91.50 ± 4.81 c	82.66 ± 1.59 c	83.04 ± 2.47 c	76.09 ± 2.13 c
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	91.47 ± 3.46 b	84.62 ± 4.26 b	86.34 ± 2.81 bc	77.22 ± 1.70 b	80.51 ± 2.33 c	76.23 ± 3.32 c

Table 1

Table 2

Effects of high temperature stress on activities of different antioxidant enzymes during grain filling in 2023"

抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	处理第1天 Day 1		处理第6天 Day 6		处理第11天 Day 11
抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	234.86 ± 2.16 a	255.86 ± 4.41 a	234.77 ± 1.44 a	242.34 ± 4.41 a	231.17 ± 5.59 a	233.33 ± 5.32 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	251.35 ± 12.97 b	272.16 ± 3.24 b	247.12 ± 9.10 b	257.75 ± 4.14 b	244.68 ± 11.53 a	247.84 ± 1.89 b
	百农207 Bainong 207	248.74 ± 3.96 b	268.29 ± 3.87 b	253.24 ± 2.97 b	259.28 ± 4.5 b	241.98 ± 8.29 a	245.77 ± 7.48 b
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	249.82 ± 5.59 b	289.10 ± 3.60 c	253.42 ± 4.41 b	279.19 ± 4.05 c	244.95 ± 8.56 a	262.97 ± 9.46 c
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	250.00 ± 5.14 b	285.77 ± 4.77 c	251.80 ± 5.77 b	273.15 ± 3.87 c	244.77 ± 7.12 a	260.54 ± 2.97 c
过氧化物酶POD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	134.32 ± 8.69 ab	146.22 ± 8.43 ab	127.14 ± 7.35 ab	131.88 ± 2.48 ab	123.80 ± 8.49 a	111.54 ± 9.33 ab
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	126.36 ± 8.77 ab	135.26 ± 8.98 ab	122.29 ± 8.97 ab	124.21 ± 5.06 ab	115.04 ± 9.11 a	106.54 ± 7.45 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	119.40 ± 14.63 a	129.65 ± 13.71 a	113.32 ± 9.08 a	116.73 ± 15.79 a	114.85 ± 7.19 a	111.63 ± 11.57 ab
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	144.19 ± 4.01 b	163.73 ± 7.82 c	142.28 ± 6.88 b	151.44 ± 4.86 c	147.35 ± 20.28 b	145.64 ± 14.89 c
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	135.86 ± 9.55 ab	152.31 ± 4.70 bc	128.10 ± 13.07 ab	139.54 ± 9.43 bc	131.06 ± 4.90 ab	130.39 ± 1.84 bc
过氧化氢酶CAT (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	106.81 ± 5.73 ab	96.64 ± 1.79 a	100.15 ± 6.21 a	91.86 ± 2.00 a	89.22 ± 4.82 a	83.93 ± 8.12 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	100.48 ± 4.50 a	94.84 ± 2.60 a	101.37 ± 3.70 a	91.63 ± 1.75 a	89.63 ± 16.83 a	83.78 ± 7.91 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	104.99 ± 5.83 ab	98.68 ± 2.20 ab	98.06 ± 3.18 a	91.56 ± 2.11 a	94.07 ± 7.14 a	87.22 ± 5.00 a
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	115.07 ± 9.94 b	107.34 ± 1.94 c	110.85 ± 4.26 b	104.41 ± 1.53 c	105.93 ± 14.80 a	102.67 ± 3.80 b
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	106.98 ± 4.33 ab	101.21 ± 3.06 b	104.00 ± 2.25 ab	97.04 ± 1.59 b	91.63 ± 4.63 a	91.11 ± 2.94 a
抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	处理第16天 Day 16		处理第21天 Day 21		处理第26天 Day 26
抗氧化酶Antioxidant enzyme	品种 Variety	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT	对照CK	热处理HT
超氧化物歧化酶SOD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	214.86 ± 5.68 a	201.53 ± 3.60 ab	184.23 ± 1.17 a	175.05 ± 2.25 ab	155.95 ± 5.41 a	150.00 ± 14.32 a
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	227.12 ± 12.07 ab	196.13 ± 3.60 a	190.81 ± 3.78 a	169.46 ± 5.14 a	164.68 ± 1.53 ab	140.09 ± 5.32 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	223.06 ± 7.75 ab	210.54 ± 4.86 b	189.19 ± 3.24 a	185.95 ± 6.22 b	166.22 ± 5.68 ab	164.41 ± 8.02 b
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	234.05 ± 0.54 b	234.50 ± 13.33 c	213.96 ± 9.01 b	220.36 ± 8.74 c	177.21 ± 5.77 b	172.34 ± 3.06 b
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	235.50 ± 12.34 b	230.99 ± 4.14 c	219.46 ± 7.84 b	220.72 ± 6.76 c	174.77 ± 3.87 b	174.50 ± 6.04 b
过氧化物酶POD (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	111.70 ± 5.01 bc	99.67 ± 9.27 ab	98.39 ± 10.38 ab	91.73 ± 7.16 bc	74.21 ± 12.57 a	69.58 ± 6.51 ab
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	97.70 ± 6.54 a	90.73 ± 5.77 a	83.14 ± 21.32 a	79.91 ± 5.74 ab	68.93 ± 14.41 a	64.14 ± 6.03 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	101.30 ± 9.46 ab	94.91 ± 10.50 a	85.25 ± 4.32 ab	77.72 ± 4.06 a	79.40 ± 2.87 a	66.31 ± 9.00 a
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	126.55 ± 7.53 d	124.65 ± 21.59 c	112.91 ± 19.98 b	106.45 ± 9.91 d	91.78 ± 15.48 a	82.91 ± 5.72 b
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	121.17 ± 4.62 cd	120.43 ± 9.01 bc	108.64 ± 5.69 ab	100.37 ± 6.32 cd	92.67 ± 13.07 a	83.10 ± 7.98 b
过氧化氢酶CAT (U g^-1)	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	83.07 ± 1.84 a	76.29 ± 3.45 a	78.83 ± 3.41 a	73.16 ± 0.96 a	71.45 ± 1.57 a	69.82 ± 1.25 b
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	80.58 ± 2.29 a	72.96 ± 1.70 a	74.14 ± 3.72 a	71.07 ± 2.16 a	71.67 ± 1.79 a	67.98 ± 1.00 a
	百农207 Bainong 207	83.32 ± 1.49 a	77.23 ± 3.56 a	77.40 ± 2.72 a	72.46 ± 1.33 a	74.91 ± 1.61 a	70.06 ± 0.59 b
	冷资857 Lengzi 857	100.18 ± 6.92 b	95.67 ± 2.56 c	91.88 ± 2.61 c	87.06 ± 1.56 c	85.88 ± 2.23 c	82.15 ± 0.25 d
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	88.29 ± 4.74 a	86.48 ± 2.57 b	85.08 ± 2.02 b	82.02 ± 1.94 b	82.21 ± 2.20 b	80.20 ± 0.75 c

Table 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Fig. 6

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品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	单株穗数 Spikes per plant		穗粒数 Grains per spike		千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)		产量 Yield (kg hm^-2)		减产幅度 Decrease rate (%)
品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	减产幅度 Decrease rate (%)
冷资857 Lengzi 857	对照CK	4.20	1.60	36.91	0.67	49.36	66.29^**	9183.60	11.90^*	7.04
冷资857 Lengzi 857	热处理HT	4.17	1.60	36.57	0.67	47.15	66.29^**	8536.95	11.90^*	7.04
百农207 Bainong 207	对照CK	4.20	12.25^*	38.46	3.71	42.45	41.36^**	8227.35	66.99^**	12.66
百农207 Bainong 207	热处理HT	4.08	12.25^*	37.34	3.71	39.28	41.36^**	7186.05	66.99^**	12.66
暖资979 Nuanzi 979	对照CK	4.03	0.45	37.31	1.81	42.15	285.74^**	7613.25	27.88^**	13.04
暖资979 Nuanzi 979	热处理HT	3.98	0.45	36.28	1.81	38.20	285.74^**	6620.10	27.88^**	13.04
暖资58 Nuanzi 58	对照CK	4.08	3.50	35.85	1.81	44.50	281.90^**	7816.35	77.31^**	11.94
暖资58 Nuanzi 58	热处理HT	3.97	3.50	35.05	1.81	41.26	281.90^**	6883.20	77.31^**	11.94
冷资863 Lengzi 863	对照CK	4.15	4.00	37.59	0.11	50.44	42.60^**	9441.00	16.73^*	5.57
冷资863 Lengzi 863	热处理HT	4.08	4.00	37.43	0.11	48.60	42.60^**	8914.80	16.73^*	5.57

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	单株穗数 Spikes per plant		穗粒数 Grains per spike		千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)		产量 Yield (kg hm^-2)		减产幅度 Decrease rate (%)
品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	平均值 Average value	F值 F-value	减产幅度 Decrease rate (%)
冷资857 Lengzi 857	对照CK	4.18	0.02	36.69	0.31	46.46	147.89^**	8554.65	0.59	5.61
冷资857 Lengzi 857	热处理HT	4.15	0.02	36.32	0.31	44.65	147.89^**	8075.10	0.59	5.61
百农207 Bainong 207	对照CK	4.01	0.11	38.37	5.26	39.31	73.16^**	7266.15	8.41^*	8.66
百农207 Bainong 207	热处理HT	3.98	0.11	37.58	5.26	37.02	73.16^**	6637.20	8.41^*	8.66
暖资979 Nuanzi 979	对照CK	3.96	0.94	36.25	3.98	39.30	146.43^**	6775.65	19.48^*	10.51
暖资979 Nuanzi 979	热处理HT	3.90	0.94	35.49	3.98	36.54	146.43^**	6063.75	19.48^*	10.51
暖资58 Nuanzi 58	对照CK	4.00	1.00	36.48	0.03	41.80	107.01^**	7184.40	10.10^*	7.11
暖资58 Nuanzi 58	热处理HT	3.93	1.00	35.70	0.03	39.60	107.01^**	6673.50	10.10^*	7.11
冷资863 Lengzi 863	对照CK	4.12	0.02	37.17	0.05	48.01	61.03^**	8809.65	0.99	3.90
冷资863 Lengzi 863	热处理HT	4.09	0.02	37.00	0.05	46.59	61.03^**	8466.30	0.99	3.90

年份 Year	品种 Variety	热处理 Heat treatment	对照 CK	热敏感指数 HSI	评价 Evaluation
2022	冷资857 Lengzi 857	47.15	49.36	0.71	中等耐热 Moderate heat resistant
	百农207 Bainong 207	39.28	42.45	1.19	中等热敏感 Moderate heat sensitivity
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	38.20	42.15	1.49	中等热敏感 Moderate heat sensitivity
	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	41.26	44.50	1.16	中等热敏感 Moderate heat sensitivity
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	48.60	50.44	0.58	中等耐热 Moderate heat resistant
2023	冷资857 Lengzi 857	44.65	46.46	0.80	中等耐热 Moderate heat resistant
	百农207 Bainong 207	37.02	39.31	1.19	中等热敏感 Moderate heat sensitivity
	暖资979 Nuanzi 979	36.54	39.30	1.44	中等热敏感 Moderate heat sensitivity
	暖资58 Nuanzi 58	39.60	41.80	1.08	中等热敏感 Moderate heat sensitivity
	冷资863 Lengzi 863	46.59	48.01	0.61	中等耐热 Moderate heat resistant

Evaluation of stress tolerance and physiological response of cold-type wheat under heat stress

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