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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2010, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 1707-1714.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01707

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Sowing Date on Accumulation and Distribution of Biomass and Nitrogen in Cotton Bolls

ZHAO Xin-Hua12,SHU  Hong-Mei13,WANG  You-Hua1,CHEN  Bing-Lin1,ZHOU  Zhi-Guo1*   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Crop Growth regulation,Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;2 Cotton Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Anyang 455112,China;3Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China
  • Received:2010-04-21 Revised:2010-06-28 Online:2010-10-12 Published:2010-08-10
  • Contact: ZHOU Zhi-Guo,E-mail:giscott@njau.edu.cn,Tel:025-84396813

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Abstract: Cotton has an indeterminate growth habit, the duration of growth, particularly cotton boll development period, is restricted by environmental condition. To investigate the response of the accumulation and distribution of biomass and nitrogen in cotton bolls to environmental condition and its relationship with fiber and seed quality characteristics, we carried out field experiments in Xuzhou (117°11′E, 34°15′N) and Anyang (114°13′E, 36°04′N). Using two cotton cultivars, Kemian 1 and NuCOTN, grown in the field with two sowing dates (25-Apr and 25-May) treatments. The results showed that, mean daily temperature during boll development stage in the middle fruiting branch position for the normal sowing date (25-Apr) treatment in the two sites was 24.8℃ and 24.1℃ respectively, while only 20.8℃ and 19.4℃ for the late sowing date (25-May) treatment. And when mean daily temperature was lower than 20.8℃cotton shell biomass increased while its nitrogen accumulation amount decreased in the late sowing date treatment. And for the biomass and nitrogen accumulation in fiber and cotton seed development, the start time of the rapid accumulation stage was later, the maximal rate was lower and its emergence time was later, resulting in the decrease of biomass and nitrogen accumulation amount. The maximal rate of nitrogen accumulation appeared earlier than that of biomass accumulation in fiber and that was opposite in cotton seed development. Under low temperature, biomass and nitrogen distribution indices increased in cotton shell while decreased in cotton seed, and no significant changes for nitrogen distribution indices in fiber. Boll weight, fiber strength and seed protein/oil content were also decreased in lower temperature condition. These results indicated that low temperature condition (mean daily temperature below 20.8℃) inhibits the transportation of nitrogen and photosyntheates products from plants to bolls (shell, seed and fiber), which decreases the accumulation amount of biomass and nitrogen in seed and fiber, leading to the reduction of their qualities.

Key words: Cotton boll, Sowing date, Mean daily temperature during boll development stage, Biomass, Nitrogen accumulation amount, Cotton boll quality

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