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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (01): 127-137.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00127

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Vertical Distribution Characteristics of Leaf-Type in Wheat with Different Plant Types

LI Guo-Qiang,TANG Liang,ZHANG Wen-Yu,CAO Wei-Xing,ZHU Yan*   

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2010-02-18 Revised:2010-08-04 Online:2011-01-12 Published:2010-11-16
  • Contact: ZHU Yan,E-mail:yanzhu@njau.edu.cn,Tel:025-84396565

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Abstract: The objective of this study was to elucidate the vertical distribution characteristics of leaf using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in compact-high, compact-short, intermediate, and loose plant types with three nitrogen rates in two growing seasons. The leaf-type characteristics at the stages of stem elongation, flowering and grain-filling, and the vertical distribution characteristics of leaf and light within canopy at flowering were measured. Significant differences were observed among genotypes for leaf-type characteristics, and the regulating effects of nitrogen rate varied with leaf-type traits and growth stages. Single leaf area changed in a double-peak curve from canopy base to top. A gradually decreasing tendency with increasing canopy height was found in angle between stem and leaf (ABSL). The maximum leaf area index was located at 0.60 relative canopy height. Light transmission rate increased from the base to top of canopy, and presented a good fitness to quadratic polynomial curve. Single leaf area increased with increasing nitrogen rate, with greater increments in Yangmai 12 and Huaimai 17 than in Ningmai 9 and Aikang 58. The ABSL enhanced with the increasing nitrogen rate. The nitrogen regulation effects on ABSL of Ningmai 9, Huaimai 17, and Yangmai 12 were stronger at canopy base than at canopy top, but Aikang 58 showed a reverse pattern. With the increase of nitrogen rate, leaf area index accumulation at different relative canopy heights increased, while light transmission decreased. The smaller decline of light transmission in Ningmai 9 and Aikang 58 was observed than those in Yangmai 12 and Huaimai 17 when more nitrogen was applicated. The transmittance rate decreased in an exponential pattern with increasing leaf area index accumulation. The grain yield ranked in the order of treatments supplied 150 (N150), 225 (N225) and 75 (N75) kg ha-1. Nitrogen fertilization increased remarkably spike number and harvest index, excluding 1000-grain weight. The grain number per spike was the highest in the N225 treatment, follwded by the N75 treatment. Four wheat cultivars with different plant types differed markedly in grain yield, spike number, grain number per spike, and harvest index. The grain yields were ranked as Aikang 58 > Ningmai 9 > Yangmai 12 > Huaimai 17. These results may provide a technical basis for optimizing nitrogen application to wheat cultivars with different plant types.

Key words: Wheat, Nitrogen rate, Plant type, Leaf characteristics, Vertical distribution

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